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[244] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1. Let 1 2 and n n

be the normal vectors of the given two
planes
vector along the line of intersection of planes is
given by
1 2 n n


1 2 1 1 1
2 3 1
i j k
n n =



1 2 2 n n j j k = + +

Now , 1 2 n n

is along the normal to the plane

( )
. 4 5 r ai bj k + + =

2 1 1
4 a b

= =
8 ; 4 a b = =
4 a b + =
2. Line of intersection of the planes
1 2
0and 0 P P = = is
contained by
1 2
0 P P + =
(3 2 5) (2 3 4 ) 0 x y z x y z k + + + + + =
(3 2 ) (3 2) (1 4 ) 5 0 x y z k + + + + + =
If the line of intersection of the given planes and
the line
4 6 1
3 5 2
x y z + +
= =

are coplanar , then

the plane
1 2
0 P P + = must contain the line
4 6 1
3 5 2
x y z + +
= =

3(3 2 ) 5(3 2) 2(4 1) 0 + + + =

3 13 0 + =
3
13
=
Point (4 , 6 , 1) is contained by
1 2
0 P P + =
(3 2 )( 4) (3 2)( 6) (4 1)(1) 5 0 k + + + + + =
6 22 0 k =
6 22 3
4
13
k

| |
= = =
|
\ .

3. (2 )(3) 1(4) 4( 2) 0 k k + + =
2 k =
...(i)
3(1) 4( ) ( 2)(1) 1 0 k k + + + + =
2 k =
...(ii)
from (i) and (ii) conditions , k =2
4.
2 2 2
3 2 1
1 2 1
1 2 1
(0) (2) (4)
d

=
+ +
0 d =
Given lines intersect each other at a unique point
5. Let the position vector of point Q be
( )

1 3 ( ) (2 5 ) i j k + 1 + +

( 2 3 ) ( 3) (5 ) PQ i j k = + + 4

If PQ

is parallel to the plane 4 3 1, x y z + = then

. 0 PQ n=

, where
n

is normal vector of plane

( 2 3 )(1) ( 3)( 4) (5 4)(3) 0 + + =
1
4
=
6. cos cos cos o | =
2 2 2 2
3 1 l m n l + + = =
1
. . 1, 1, 1
3
l m n dr = = =
line through P is
2 1 2
1 1 1
x y z

+
= = =
Let point Q be ( ) 2, 1, 2 + +
2( 2) 1 ( 2) 9 + + + + =
( Q lies on the given plane)
4 4 1 = =
Point Q is (3 , 0 , 3)
2 2 2
(3 2) (0 1) (3 2) PQ= + + +
3 PQ=
7. Let 1 2 and n n

be the normal vectors of
2 2 0 x y z + = and 2 4 0 x y z + + = respectively
normal vector of P
1
is 1 2 n n

Chapter No -30 ( 3-Dimensional Geometry )
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[245] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
Equation of
1
P is
1 2 1
2 2 1 0
1 1 2
x y z +
=

3( 1) 3( 2) 0( 1) 0 x y z + + =
1 0 x y + + =
distance of (1, 2, 2) from
1
: 1 0 P x y + + =
1 2 1
2 2
2
+ +
= =
8.
( )
and a c b d

must be orthogonal
( ) ( )
. 0 a c b d =

9. All the three equation of planes must have infinitely
many solutions (non-trivial) but the planes should not
be identical
and 0 0 a b c a b c = = + + = A =
2 2 2
0and 0 a b c a b c ab bc ac + + = + + =
As shown in figure , all the three planes have common
line of intersection (i.e. x = y = z)
10. Let the plane be
1 2
0 P P + =
(2 3 ) ( 1) ( 1) 3 5 0 x y z + + + + =
Now ,

2 2 2
(2 3 )(2) ( 1)(1) ( 1)( 1) 3 5 1
6
(2 3 ) ( 1) ( 1)


+ + + +
=
+ + + +
2
2
1 1
6
11 12 6

| |

= |
|
+ + \ .
2 2
11 12 6 6 12 6 + + = +
2
5 24 0 + =
24
0 or
5
=
for 0, : 2 3 0 P x y z = + =
for
24
, : 62 29 19 105 0
5
P x y z = + + =
11. As shown in figure ,
( )
. 0 AB AD AC =

0 2 0
2 2 6 0
2 1 6 o
=
+
2( 12 12) 0 + =
R o e
12. For direction cosines ,
2 2 2
1 l m n + + =
If
2 2 2 2
0, then 2 1 l m n n + = =
1
2
n =
( )
2 2 2
( ) 0 l m l m l m n + = + + + =
0 lm =
If
2 2
1
0,
2
l m n m = = =
d.r. of lines are
1 1 2 2
(0, , ) and(0, , ) m n m n
1 2 1 2
1 1
cos 0 0 1
2 2
mm nn u = + + = =
or 0 u t =
lines are parallel to each other similarly , if
2 2
1
0,
2
m l n l = = =
1 2 1 2
cos 0 1, or 0 l l nn u u t = + + = =
13. Let the plane be 1
x y z
a b c
+ + =
4 5 6
1
a b c
+ =
...(i)
centroid of
ABC A
is given by , ,
3 3 3
a b c | |
|
\ .
( )
2
, , 1, ,
3 3 3
a b c
k k
| |

|
\ .
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[246] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
2
3, 3 , 3 a b k c k = = =
Using relation (i)
2
4 5 6
1
3 3 3 k k
+ =
2
5 6 0 2 or 3 k k k + = =
14. Given three equations must have no solution using
Cramer's rule :

2
( 2)( 1) A = +
2
1
( 1)(1 ) A =
2
2
( 1) A =
2 2
3
( 1) A =
2 =
15. Let the given point (1, 2, 3) be P
Let point Q be (2 1, 3 2, 6 3) + +
(2 1) (3 2) (3 6 ) 5 0 + + =
7 1 =
1
7
=

Point Q is
9 11 15
, ,
7 7 7
| |

|
\ .
Now
2 2 2
2 3 6
1units
7 7 7
PQ
| | | | | |
= + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
16. Let the locus point be (a , b , c)
Plane can be given by 1
x y z
a b c
+ + =
If plane passes through (1 , 1 , 1) , then
1 1 1
1
a b c
+ + =
After generalizing the locus point , the equation of
locus is
1 1 1
1
x y z
+ + =
xyz xy yz zx = + +
17. Lines are concurrent at a point as shown in
the figure.
18.
2
. . . cos or sin
5 10
ab bc ca
t t | |
= = =
|
\ .

As shown in figure , required angle is '
u
'
( )
.
cos
a b c
a b c
u
+
=
+


2sin
. . 10
cos
2 2sin
10
ab ac
b c
t
u
t
| |
|
+
\ .
= =
+ | |
+
|
\ .


5 1
2
5 1
cos sin
10 4
5 3
2
t
u
| |

|
|
| |
| | \ .
= =
|
|
|
\ .
+ \ .

( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
5 1 5 1
cos
2 3 5
5 1
u

= =
+
+
5 1 3 5
cos
2 5 1
u

= =
+
1
3 5
cos
2
u

| |

=
|
|
\ .
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[247] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
19. Equation of plane
1
P is :
( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
1 0 1 0
1 1 0
x y z
=

3 or 1
3 3 3
x y z
x y z + + = + + =
New , volume of tetrahedron
3 0 0
1
( ) 0 3 0
6
0 0 3
OABC =
9
2
cubic units
20. Let the points 'A' and 'B' be (5 3, 2 1, 3 4) +
and ( 1, 3 2, 2 2 ) + respectively. .
direction ratios of AB is proportional
to 0, 2, 1
5 4 2 3 3 3 2 6
0 2 1
+ +
= =

5 4 0 and 8 9 0 = + =
1 and 1 = =
2 2 2
(0) (2) ( 1) AB = + +
5 =
21. Let the equation of plane in new position be
4 3 2 0 x y z + + + =
Angle between 4 3 2 0 x y + + = and the new plane
is 45
1 2 1 2 . cos
4
n n n n
t
=

( )

( )
2
(5)
4 3 . 4 3 25
2
i j i j k + + + = +

( )
2
2
5 2 25 = +
5 =
Now , new plane is 4 3 5 2 0 x y z + + =
0 0 0 2 2
5 50
l
+ + +
= = units.
22. Let the variable plane be
1
x y z
a b c
+ + =
2 2 2
0 0 0 1
2
1 1 1
a b c
+ +
=
+ +
2 2 2
1 1 1 1
4 a b c
+ + =
...(i)
Centroid of tetrahedron ( ) , ,
4 4 4
a b c
OABC
| |
=
|
\ .
Let the locus point be ( , , ) h k l
4 , 4 , 4 a h b k c l = = =
from condition (i)
2 2 2
1 1 1 1
4 (4 ) (4 ) (4) h k l
+ + =
2 2 2
1 1 1
4
h k l
+ + =
On generalisation , equation of locus can be given by
2 2 2
1 1 1
4.
x y z
+ + =
23. Given system of planes represent a homogeneous
system of equations and it must have non-trivial
solutions
0 A =
1
1 0
1
c b
c a
b a

=

2 2 2
2 1 a b c abc + + + =
24. OP is normal to plane P
1
=0
direction ratios of normal to plane
1
0 P = can be
given by , , o |

1
( ) ( ) ( ) 0isplane 0 x y y P o o | | + + = =
2 2 2 2
or x y z x y z o | o | o | o + + = + + + + =
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[248] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
from figure ,
1
2
ABC AB AC A =


2 2 2 2
1
2
j i k i
o o o o
| o o
| | | |
=
| |
| |
\ . \ .

{ }
2 2 2 2 2
( ) OP o o | = + + =
5
Areaof
2
ABC
o
o|
A =
25.
from figure , volume =(2)(2)(3) =12 cubic units.
26.
1 2 3
, , P P P are non-parallel planes having their normal
vectors lying on same plane.
(a) If any point lies on
1 2
and P P and doesn't satisfy
3
P , then
1 2 3
, , P P P are equidistant from infinitely
many points as shown in figure ( ) e a
(b)
from figure (b) ,
2 1 3
. P P P = +
(c) number of common solutions of
4
P with
1 2
, P P
and
3
P can be zero or one or infinite.
(d)
1 2 3
, , P P P doesn't pass through origin and
hence the common point can never be (0 , 0 , 0)
( )
2 2 2
1 2 3
0 d d d + + =
27.
4 1
4 2 0
2 2 1
k
k =
1 1 2
2 C C C
2 4 1
0 2 0
0 2 1
k
k

=
( 2)( 4) 0 k k =
2or 4 k =
28.
( )
. 0 , , r a b r a b =

are coplanar
Let r a b = +

projection of
. 1
on
3
r c
r c
c
= =

( )
. .
3
c
a c bc + =


( )
1
(2) ( 1) 3
3
+ =
(2 1) =
Now , (2 1) r a b = +

( )
2 r a b b = +

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[249] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)

( )

3 3 r i k i j k = + +

(3 1) (3 1) ; r i j k R = + + e

Hence r

can be

, or 2 2 i j k i j k i j k + + + + +

for respective values of
2
as , 0, 1
3

29. Let the variable plane be

1,
x y z
a b c
+ + =
where
, , a b c R
+
e
1 1 1
1
a b c
+ + =
volume of tetrahedron
1
( )
6
OABC abc =
Using
GM HM >
( )
1
3
3
1 1 1
abc
a b c
>
+ +
{ }
1
3
1 1 1
6(volume) 3 1
a b c
| |
> + + =
|
\ .

27
volume
6
>
volume 4.5 >
cubic units
Now , volume can be 5 or 8
30. If , , A B C and D are four non-coplanar planes , then
they form a tetrahedron.
number of planes parallel to one face and equidistant
from A , B , C and D =4 number of planes which have
two points on each side of the plane and equidistant
from
4 2
2 2
, , , 3
2!
C C
A B C D
| |

= = |
|
\ .
4 3 7 N = + =
31.
a b c
b c a
c a b
A =
2 2 2
( )( ) a b c ab bc ca a b c A = + + + +
0 0 a b c + + = A =
( )
2 2 2
a b c a b c ab bc ca = = + + > + +
Now , ( )
1 2 3
0 0 P P P a b c + + = + + =
( )
2 1 3
P P P = +
2
P passes through the line of intersection of
1 3
and P P .
Statements (1) and (2) are true but the reasoning is not
appropriate
(Concept of the family of planes passing through the
intersection of two planes is the correct explanation
for statement 1)
32. Lines
1 2
and L L are parallel lines
Shortest distance
( ) 2 1 a a b
b

=

( )

( )

( ) 2 1 2 2 2 3 44 a a b i j k i j = + + + +


( ) 2 1 5 and 29 a a b b = =

Shortest distance =
5
29
Statement (1) is false and statement (2) is true.
33. ( )
c c a b + =

( )
2 2
c b c a =

( ) { }
2
1 1 2 . c a b c a = +

( ) ( )
( )
2
2 . L.H.Sis ve b c a c a = +

V =Volume of tetrahedron
( ) ( )
1
.
6
OABC a b c =

( )
2 2 2
12( ) . V c a ac =

( )
2
12( ) 1 . V ac =

( ) { }
. . c c a b ac ab + = =

2
12(volume) 1 (cos ) u =
1
volume
12
s
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[250] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
maximum volume
1
12
= cubic units.
Statement (1) is true.
Volumeis maximized if 90 u =
and a b a c

face OAB and OAC both forms the right angled
triangle
Statement (1) and (2) are true and the explanation is
correct.
34. Volume of tetrahedron
( )
1
sin sin sin
6
A B C =
3
1 3
6 2
V
| |
s
|
|
\ .
3
16
V s cubic units.
Statement (1) and (2) are true and the explanation is
also correct.
35. cos( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) l l Sl mm m n n n ou o o = + + + + +
2 2 2
cos( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) l m n l l m m n n ou o o o = + + + + +
cos( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) l l l m m n n ou o o o = + + +
( ) ( ) ( )
{
2 2 2 2
1 1 l l m m n n l o o o + + + + + = = +
( )
}
2 2 2 2 2
2 ( ) ( ) ( ) m n l l m m n n m l n o o o o o o + + + + + + +
( ) ( )
2 2 2
1
cos 1
2
l m n ou o o o
| |
= + + +
|
\ .
( )
2 2 2 2
1
2sin
2 2
l m n
ou
o o o
| |
+ + =
|
\ .
( )
2 2 2 2
1
sin
2 4
l m n
ou
o o o
| |
= + +
|
\ .
sin for small in radians
2 2
ou ou
ou
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
2 2 2 2
l m n ou o o o = + +
Statement (1) is true and statement (2) is false.
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[251] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1.
1 2
0 t ot + = is comparable to
3
0, t = because all
the three planes have common line of intersection
( 1) (1 2 ) ( 3) 4 0 x y z o o o o + + + + + + = ...(i)
Equation (i) is same as that of
3
0 t = for some real
value of . o
1 1 2 3 4
3 3
o o o o

+ + +
= = =

Now ,
1 2 4
2 1 4
3 3
o o
o o
+
= + =

1 o =
2 3 4 3
3 3

= = =

2and 4 = =
( ) 3 14 + =
2. Let
1 2 and n n

be the normal vectors of the planes
1 2
0 and 0 t t = = respectively. .
Vector along the common line of intersection can
be given by
1 2 n n


1 2 1 1 3
1 2 1
i j k
n n =



1 2 5 2 n n i j k = + +

direction ratios of common line is

5, 2, 1 equation of line is
1 1 1
,
5 2 1
x x y y z z
= =

where ( )
1 1 1
, , x y z lies on
1 2
, t t and
3
t planes.
Required line can be
1 1 2
5 2 1
x y z + +
= =

( ) ( ) 1, 1, 2 Satisfy all three planes

3. 3( 5) 2) 7(1) 0 | + ( + =
4 | =
3( 1) 14 0 | o + + =
7 o =
2 1 o | + =
4.

Point A must satisfy the planes :
2 2 2 0 x y z + = ...(i)
7 0 x y z + + = ...(ii)
3 2 3 0 x y z + + = ...(iii)
(Equation (i)) 2 (Equation (ii))
3 12 0 4 z z + = =
(Equation (iii)) (equation (ii))
2 3 10 0 x z + =
1 ( 4) x z = =
Using equation (ii) , y =2
Point A is (1 , 2 , 4)
minimum distance
2 2 2
(2) (1) (2) 2 1 = + + =
5. Let point (0, , ) B p q lies on
1
L
0 2 3 0 p q + + =
and 7 0 p q + =
11 10
and
3 3
p q = =
As shown in figure , reflection of B in the plane
mirror line on line
2
. L
Let ' B be ( , , ) o |
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[252] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
2 2 2
11 10 22 10
0 2
0
3 3 3 3
2
2 2 1 2 2 1
|
o
| |
+
|

+ = =
|
+ +
|
|
\ .
3 11 3 10 4
2 6 3 9
o |
= = =

8 25 34
, ,
9 9 9
o | = = =
point B' is
8 25 34
, ,
9 9 9
| |

|
\ .
d.r. of
2
L is
8 25 34
1 , 2 , 4
9 9 9
+
17 7 2
, ,
9 9 9

Now line
2
L can be
1 2 4
17 7 2
x y z
= =

or
18 5 6
17 7 2
x y z +
= =

6. If plane 'P' passes through the point 'A' , then maximum

distance of plane from the origin is OA
2 2
max
1 2 4 21 OA d = = + + =
7. For spherical balls
1 2 3
, and S S S , then z-coordinate
of centres is zero hence the centre lies on the x y
plane.
Because
1 2 3 4
, , , S S S S are touching each other
externally ,
1 2 3
CC C A must be equilateral triangle with
side length of 2 12 units.
from figure ,
3 3
0, 2 12cos 2
6
x y
t | |
= =
|
\ .
3 3
4 (0, 4, 0) y C =
Centroid of
1 2 3
(0, 0, 0) C C C A =
4 4 4
for centre , 0 C x y = =
tetrahedron formed by
1 2 3 4
, , and C C C C is regular
tetrahedron
2 2 2
4 3 4
2 12 0 4 48 C C z = + + =
4 4
4 2 ( 0) z z = >
Let the centre of sphere 'S' be
5 5 5
( , , ) C x y z
C
is centre of mass for the tetrahedron
1 2 3 4
C C C C
( )
0, 0, 2 C
Now , radius of ( )
4 4 4 4
' ' S CP CC C P = = +
( ) ( )
4 2 2 12 3 2 2 3 = + = +
8. ( ) , , 0and 2 C o | o | = = = =
2
1
2
log =
9.
from figure ,
(2 3)(0) (3 2)
4
3 2 2 3
b +
=
+
12 2 8 3 2
4 4
3 3 2
b
+
= = +
10. As shown in figure , shortest distance between two
opposite edges will be for
1 2
and L L
Let
1
' ' L be given by x +y =0 and 0 y z + =
2
L will be given by 0and z x + =
2 6 x y z + + =
Let d.r. for
1
L be , , a b c
0 0and 0 0 a b b c + + = + + =
1 1 1
a b c
= =
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[253] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1
L can be given by
0 0 0
1 1 1
x y z
= =

Similarly ,
2
L can be given by
1 2 6 1
1 0 1
x y z +
= =

Now , shortest distance

2 2 2
1 2 6 1
1 1 1
1 0 1
(1) (2) (1)

=
+ +
4units. =
11. 0and 6 5 2 0 l m n lm mn nl + + = + =
6 5 ( ) 2( ) 0 lm m l m l ml + =
2 2
9 5 2 0 lm m l + =
2
5 9 2 0
m m
l l
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
2 5 1 0
m m
l l
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
Let
1 2
1 2
1
2and
5
m m
l l
= =
1 1 2 2
and
2 1 1 5
m l m l
= =

Now ,
0 1 0
m n
l m n
l l
+ + = + + =
1 2
1 2
6
1and
5
n n
l l

= =
1 1 1 2 2 2
and
1 2 1 5 1 6
l m n l m n
= = = =

( )( )
2 2 2 2 2
(1)(5) ( 2)(1) (1)( 6)
cos
1 ( 2) 1 5 1 ( 6)
o
+ +
=
+ + + +
3
cos
372
o

=
( )
2
363 9
tan tan 3
3 121
o o = =
12. Let points (1, 2, 3) and (3,3, 7) A B lie on the line
and the reflection of A and B w.r.t. plane mirror
2 6 0 x y z + + = be A' and B'
for point '( , , ) A a b c
1 2 3 2(1) (2) (3) 6
2
2 1 1 4 1 1
a b c + + | |
= = =
|
+ +
\ .
1 2 3 1
2 1 1 3
a b c
= = =
1 5 8
; ;
3 3 3
a b c = = =
1 5 8
' point is , ,
3 3 3
A
| |

|
\ .
Similarly for point '( ' , ' , ') B a b c
' 3 ' 3 ' 7 2(3) 3 7 6
2
2 1 1 4 1 1
a b c + + | |
= = =
|
+ +
\ .
' 3 ' 3 ' 7 2(3) 3 7 6
2
2 1 1 4 1 1
a b c + + | |
= = =
|
+ +
\ .
' 3 ' 3 ' 7 10
2 1 1 3
a b c
= = =
' B
point is
11 1 11
, ,
3 3 3
| |

|
\ .
Now , reflected line can be given as :
1 5 8
3 3 3
12 6 3
x y z
= =

1 5 8
1
3 3 3
1 and 3
4 2 1
o |
o |

= = = =

(2 ) 5 | o =
13. Equation of plane 'P' is
3 1 2
2 3 1 0
3 1 2
x y z + +
=

plane : 0 P x y z + + =
centre of sphere is ( )
3 , 3 , 3 and radius is
1 units
Let minimum distance of plane 'P' from the surface of
sphere is D.
3 3 3
1
1 1 1
D
+ +
=
+ +
3 1 2units. D = =
14. Let ( ) 1, 1, 1 and A +
( ) 2, 1, 2 B + +
be the points on the given lines so that AB is the line of
shortest distance
. . of is 3, 2, 3 dr AB + +
Now , AB is perpendicular to both the given lines
1( 3) 1( 2) 1( 3) 0 + + + =
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[254] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
3 2 0 + = ...(i)
Similarly , 1( 3) 1( 2) 1( 3) 0 + + + =
3 4 0 = ...(ii)
from (i) and (ii) equations
5 7
;
4 4
= =
1 1 9 1 11 1
Point is , , and is , ,
4 4 4 4 4 4
A B
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
1 1 9
2 4 4
Line is
0 5/ 2 5/ 2
x y z
AB
| | | | | |
+ +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
= =

4 1 4 1 4 9
0 1 1
x y z + +
= =
If ( ) , 3, o | passes through AB , then
4 1 11 4 9
0 1 1
o | + +
= =
1 1
and
4 2
o | = =
Now ,
1
8( ) 8 2
4
o |
| |
+ = =
|
\ .
8 8 2 o | + =
15.
( ) ( ) 1 2 (a) . 0 r r a b =


1 2 2 1 or c r r r r =

( ) ( ) 1 2 (b) . 0 r r a b =

(c) a b

( ) ( ) 1 2 (d) . 0 r r a b =

16.
(a) angle between two faces =60
(b) consider the edge DC and face ADA
equation of DC is r c =

equation of ADB is
( )
. 0 r a b =

Angle between the edge DC and face ADB
( )
.
cos(90 )
a b c
a b c
u

=

sin
a b c
a b c
u
(

=

2
. . .
. . .
. . .
aa ab ac
a b c ba bb bc
ca cb cc
(
=




2
2
. . . ( 2) cos60
a b c
ab bc ca

= = =

`
= = =
)


2
2 1 1
1 2 1
1 1 2
a b c
(
=


2 a b c
(
=


Now ,
( ) ( )
2
2 2
sin
6
2 .sin 2
3
u
t
= =
| |
|
\ .
2
cos
6
u =
1
1
cos
3
u

| |
=
|
\ .
(c) consider the edger DC and AB.
( )
.
cos
c b a
c b a
|

=

( )
cos 0 . . 1 cb ca | = = =

1
sin (1) 90 |

= =
(d) volume of tetrahedron
1
6
a b c
(
=


volume
1 1
(2)
6 3
= = cubic units.
Let
1
0.33
3
V = ~
Now , ( )
1
tan 2 3 0.25
12
t

= ~
1
5 1
sin 0.314
4 10
t

| |

= ~
|
|
\ .
volume is more than
( )
1
tan 2 3 and

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[255] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)

1
5 1
sin
4

| |

|
|
\ .
17.
a b c
b c a
c a b
A =
2 2 2
( )( ) a b c a b c ab bc ac A = + + + +
(a)
2 2 2
a b c ab bc ac + + = + +
0( 0) a b c a b c = = = + + =
All the three planes reduce to 0 x y z + + =
identical planes.
(b)
2 2 2
a b c ab bc ac + + = + +
, , a b c are not equal and 0 a b c + + =
implies
1 2 3
0 P P P + + =
All the planes pass through a common line
of intersection ( . . ) i e x y z = =
(c) , , a b c are unequal and 0 a b c + + =
0 A =
equation have unique solution
planes are meeting at only one common
points
(d) 0 a b c = = =
(0) (0) (0) 0 x y z + + =
complete 3-dimensional plane.