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[186]
Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
1. Angular bisectors for a pair of intersecting straight
lines are always perpendicular to each other
required line is :
2
2
1
y
x

2 y x =
2. Let pair of lines be
1 1 2 2
and y mx c y mx c = + = +
1 1 2 2
( )( ) b y mx c y mx c

2 2
( 2 2 2 ) by hxy ax gx fy c + + + + +
On comparsion , 1 2 1 2
2
,
f c
c c cc
b b
+ = =
and 1 2 2 1 1 2
2
( ) ,
g a
mc mc mm
b b
+ = =
Now
1 2
2 2
1 2
0 0 0 0
1 1
c c
m m

=
+ +
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2 2 1
( ) ( ) c c mc mc =
1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1
( )( ) ( )( ) c c c c mc mc mc mc + = +
2 2
2 2
2 4 4 2 4
4
f f c g g c a
b b b a b b b
| | | | | || |
=
| | | |
\ . \ . \ .\ .
2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) f f bc g g ac =
4 4 2 2
f g bc f acg =
4 4 2 2
( ) f g c bf ag =
3. Let the point of intersection be (0, )
2
0 0 0 2 0 b f c + + + + + =
2
2 0 b f c + + = is having equal roots
2
4 4 0 f bc =
2 2
or f bc af abc = = ... (i)
Using condition (i) in
2 2 2
2 0 abc fgh af bg ch + =
2
af
2
2fgh af +
2 2
0 bg ch =
2 2
2fgh bg ch = +
4. (Coefficient of x
2
) +(Coefficient of y
2
) =0
2
3 ( 2) 0 a a + =
2
3 2 0 a a + =
two values of 'a' exist because
0 D>
5.
Area ( ) ( 3 3 )
2
A A A A A

= + + +
2
8 4

= =
Now ,
2
2 ( )
tan
4
a b ab
a b
+
| |
=
|
+
\ .
2
2
4( ) 4
1
( )
a b ab
a b
+
=
+
2
3( ) 4 0 a b ab + =
2 2
3 3 2 0 a b ab + + =
6.
2 2
3 2 0 ( 2 )( ) 0 y xy x y x y x + = =
for point of intersection of the pair of lines
Chapter No -24 ( Pair of Straight Lines )
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[187] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
2 2
3 2 4 6 16 0 y xy x x y + + =
0 3 4 4 0
s
y x
x
c
= + =
c
...(i)
0 2 3 6 0
s
y x
x
c
= + =
c
...(ii)
from (i) and (ii) point of intersection is (10 , 12)
Now , sides of quadrilateral is given by :
12 12
, 2 , 1 and 2
10 10
y y
y x y x
x x

= = = =

0 0 1
1
Area 2 8 8 1 16 Sq. units
2
10 12 1


= =
`

)
7. All the three lines are 2 , 3 y x y x = = and
4.
2
x
y= +
Now , 2 and 4
2
x
y x y = = + are perpendicular to
each other , hence circumcentre lies at the mid-point of
hypotenuse
0
2 6
,
7 7
C
| |

|
\ .
8. Let the equation of circumcircle be
2 2
2 2 0. x y gx fy + + + =
If the equation of circumcircle is homogenized with
line 2 1 x y + = , then it must represent the pair of lines
2 2
7 8 0 x xy y + =
2 2
(2 2 )(2 ) 0 x y gx fy x y + + + + = represents the
pair of lines
2 2
7 8 0 x xy y + =
2 2 2 2
4 2 (2 4 ) 0 x y gx fy g f xy + + + + + =
2 2
(4 1) (1 2 ) (2 4 ) 0 g x f y g f xy + + + + + =
Now ,
(4 1) (1 2 ) 2 4
7 1 8
g f g f + + +
= =

7 2 4 0 and10 4 0 f g f g + + = + + =
12 4
;
13 13
g f = =
Required circle is
2 2
13 13 24 8 0 x y x y + =
9. If the lines represented by two pair of straight line are
equally inclined with each other , then the pair of
angular bisectors must be same.
2 2 2 2
and
4 1
x y xy x y xy
K K

= =

represent the
same pair of lines
4
1
K
K

2
4 2 K K = =
10.
2 2
2 1 0 x y x + =
2 2
( 1) 0, ( 1)( 1) 0 x y x y x y = + =
given lines are : 1 and 1 x y x y + = =
from figure , new lines are :
0 1
1 0 and
1 3
y
x
x

= =

Combined equation of new lines is given by

( 1)( 3 1) 0 x y x + =
2
3 2 3 1 0 xy x x y + =
or
2
3 2 3 3 0 x xy x y + + =
11. Pair of angular bisector of
2 2
3 2 3 0 x pxy y = is
same as that of
2 2
5 2 5 0 x qxy y =
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[188]
Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
2 2 2 2
6 2 5
x y xy x y xy
p q


= =
` `

) )
2 5
6
q
p
=

15 pq =
12. Pair of angular bisectors are perpendicular to each
other , hence the triangle formed with 3 4 12 x y + = is
right-angled and the orthocentre lies at the intersection
point of the pair of lines.
3 4 4 0
s
y x
x
c
= + =
c
...(i)
2 3 6 0
s
y x
y
c
= + =
c
...(ii)
from (i) and (ii) , intersection point is (10 , 12)
orthocentre ( ) (10, 12) H
13. New pair of lines is given by :
2 2
2( 5) 3( 5)( 6) ( 6) 0 x x y y + =
2 2
3 2 2 3 4 0 y xy x x y + + =
14.
3
2 2
2
3
1 3 0
2
2 3 32sin

=

4 3 4
3 2 6 0
2 3 32sin

=

(2sin 1) 0 + =
1
sin ( 1)
2 6
n
n


| |
= = +
|
\ .
Now ,

can be
11
6

for 2. n=
15. Apply the concept of homogenisation of second
degree curve with a straight line.
pair of straight line is given by :
2
2 2
5 12 8 (8 4 ) 12 0
x y x y
x xy y x y
k k
| | | |
+ + + =
| |
\ . \ .
If pair of lines make equal with x-axis , then angular
bisectors for the pair must be 0 and 0 x y = =
Coefficient of 0 xy=
2
8 4 24
12 0
k k k
=
2
2 0 k k =
( 2)( 1) 0 k k + =
2or 1 k =
16.
2 2
2 2 0 y x y x + =
2 2
( 1) ( 1) 0 y x =
( 2)( ) 0 x y y x + =
Area of triangle
2
1
(2 2 )( 1) 4
2
= =
2 2
(2 ) ( 1) =
(2 1)(2 1) 0 + + =
Locus of is (2 1)(2 1) 0 P x y x y + + =
17. Let the variable chord be 1 ax by + =
Combined equation of OA and OB can be obtained by
homogenizing the curve with variable chord

Combined equation of OA and OB is given by :

2 2
3 2 ( ) 4 ( ) 0 x y x ax by y ax by + + + =
If , OA OB then (coeff of x
2
) +(coeff of y
2
) =0
(3 2 ) (4 1) 0 a b + =
2 1 a b =
Now 1 0 ax by + = can be written as :
(1 2 ) 1 0 b x by + + =
( 1) ( 2 ) 0 x b y x + + =
1 2
( 0) L L + =
fixed point is (1 , 2)
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[189] Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
18.
from figure , diagonals are PR and QS which are
x +y =5 , y x +1 =0 respectively.
19. Apply condition for pair of straight lines.
11
12
2 2
5
2 0
2 2
11 5
2
2 2
k
k
=

24 11
4 5 0
11 5 4
k
k =

2
2 55 350 0 k k + + =
( 10)(2 35) 0 k k + + =
35
10or
2
k =
Now ,
2
2
2 24
2 96
tan
14 14
k
k

| |

|
\ .
= =
' '
can be
1 1
1 29
tan or tan
7 28

| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
20.
4 3 2 2 3 4
0 ax bx y cx y dxy ay + + + + = represent four
straight lines passing through origin. Let two of the
lines represented by given pair of lines be
2 2
2 0, px qxy ry + + = then other two lines can be
given by
2 2
x y xy
p r q

.
Now , combined equation of
2 2
2 0 px qxy ry + + = and
2 2
( ) ( ) 0 q x y p r xy = represents the given four
degree equation.
( )
4 3 2 2 3 4
ax bx y cx y dxy ay + + + +
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 ( ) px qxy ry qx r p xy qy + + +
comparing the coefficients ,
2
, ( ) 2 , 3 3 , a pq b p r p q c rq pq = = + =
2 2
2 and d q r rp q qr = + =
Now a pq qr = =
0, ( ) 0 pq qr q p r + = + =
0 ( 0) p r q + = =
p r =
b d rp + =
2
2 p q +
2
2q
2
2
r rp +
2 2
0 ( ) r p p r = = =
0 b d + =
6 3 3 6( ) c a rq pq qr + = +
3 3 qr pq =
3( ) 0 ( ) r p q p r = + = =
6 0 c a + =
21. 0 4 3 10 0
s
x y
x
c
= + =
c
...(i)
0 3 2 7 0
s
x y
y
c
= + =
c
...(ii)
from (i) and (ii) , point of intersection for pair of straight
lines is (1 , 2).
Statements (1) and (2) are true and the reasoning is
correct.
22.
Pair of lines OP and OQ is given by :
2
2 2
3 4
2 3 5 0
5
x y
x y
+ | |
+ =
|
\ .
2 2 2
10 15 (3 4 ) x y x y + = +
2 2
24 0 x xy y =
90 POQ Z =
( )
2 2
(coeff of ) (coeff of ) 0 x y + =
Statement (1) is false and statement (2) is true.
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[190]
Mathematics for I I T-J EE (Hints/Solutions)
223.
Let pair of lines be ( ) 0
x
y mx y
m
| |
+ =
|
\ .
6 6 6 6
, ; ,
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
m m
P Q
m m m m
| | | |

| |
+ +
\ . \ .
Now ,
2 2
(2 3) (2 3 ) OP OQ m m = = +
2 2
(2 3) (3 2) 0 m m + =
1
(5 1)( 5) 0 or 5
5
m m m = =
2
2 2
5
36 36 36(26) 72
13 (2 3) (13)
m
m
OP
m
=
+
= = =

2
1 1 72 36
( )
2 2 13 13
POQ OP
| | | |
A = = =
| |
\ . \ .
Sq. units
Statement (1) is false and statement (2) is true.
24. Combined equation of
1
L and
2
L is :
2 2
2 2
( ) 0
x y xy
hx a b xy hy
a b h

= =

Now angular bisectors of

1 2
and L L is :
2 2
2 2
4 ( )
( )/ 2 ( )
x y xy h xy
x y
h h b a b a

= =
+
2 2
( )( ) 4 0 a b x y hxy + =
Statement (1) is false and statement (2) is true.
25. Condition for pair of straight lines is satisfied for
all k R e
for parallel lines ,
2
0 h ab =
2
( 3) 4(3 ) 0 k k + =
2
6 9 0 k k + =
2
( 3) 0 3 k k = =
given pair of lines is

2 2
4 12 9 4 6 3 0 x xy y x y + + =
distance between parallel lines
2
2
( )
g ac
a a b

=
+
4 12 4
2
4(13) 13
+
= =
Statements (1) and (2) are true but the reasoning is not
correct.