Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
FourthYear
BuildingandConstructionDepartment
UniversityofTechnology
Baghdad
Dr.WaelShawky
Onlyveryshortcolumnscanbeloadedtotheiryieldstress(F
)but
usuallysituationisthatbucklingoccurspriortodevelopingthefullmaterial
strengthofthemember.
Column
P
Column
P
P
Strut
P
2
P
2
Post
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 42 of 113
EulerElasticLoad
= Px
Sincc
J
2
x
Jy
2
= -
H
EI
Then
d
2x
d
2
+
P
LI
x = uwhichrepresents
secondorderdifferentialequation.
Ict
P
EI
=
2
Thenthesolutionoftheequationis:
x = A sin y +Bcos y
Byusingtheboundaryconditions:
o -ot y = u tbcn x = u lcoJ to B = u
b -ot y = I tbcn x = u lcoJ to Asin I = u
y
x
y
P
P
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 43 of 113
tbcn =
nn
I
onJ
P
EI
=
n
2
n
2
I
2
P = n
2
n
2
EI
I
2
Forfundamentalbucklingmode(singlecurvaturedeflection),n=1,theEuler
criticalloadforthepinendedcolumnis:
P
c
= P
c
=
n
2
LI
L
2
Sincc r = _
I
A
g
tbcn I = A
g
r
2
Andthecriticalcompressivestressis:
F
c
=
P
c
A
g
=
n
2
E
[
I
r
P
P
P
P
P
P
n = 1
n = 2
n = 3
P
cr
=
a
2
FI
L
2
P
cr
=
4a
2
FI
L
2
P
cr
=
9a
2
FI
L
2
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 44 of 113
EffectiveLength(kL)andeffectivelengthfactor(k):
Columns
NonSwayCase SwayCase
Kiscalculatedfromthechartsonpages35or5137AISC1989
k = 1 k = 2 k = 2
k = 1 k = . 5 k = . 7
ur hraced ramex . 5 k 1
Lateralbracingisprovidedbya
diagonalbracingoradequate
attachmenttoshearwallsadjacent
structurehavinglateralstability
ur unhraced ramex 1 k
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 45 of 113
6
A
6
B
k
6
A
6
B
k
1
. 5
1
Nunxawy Caxe
xawy Caxe
A
B
6 = 1
6 = 1
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 46 of 113
Allowablestress(Fa)
Onthegrosssectionofaxiallyloadedcompressionmember:
C
c
= _
2n
2
E
F
a
when
kI
r
< C
c
tbcn F
u
=
_1 -
[
kI
r
2
2C
c
2
_F
S
S
+
S [
kI
r
8C
c
-
[
kI
r
3
8C
c
3
b
when
kI
r
> C
c
F
u
=
12n
2
E
2S[
kI
r
2
WhereE=29000ksi
ThevaluesofFaaregivenintablesonthefollowingpagesinAISCmanual:
ForFy=36ksionpage316
AndforFy=50ksionpage317
LocalBuckling:
Topreventlocalbucklingofthesectionelementsofcompressionmembers,
thewidththicknessratiosoftheelementsare:
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 47 of 113
b
]
b
b
t
]
t
t
h
2t
=
95
F
y
h
t
=
95
F
y
h
t
=
238
F
y
h
t
w
=
253
F
y
t
w
b
b
t
h
t
=
7
F
y
b
h
t
=
7
F
y
t
D
t
=
33
F
y
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 48 of 113
BuiltUpMembers:
+
+ + + +
S
S 24"
S
r
x|ng|e
=
3
4
_
kL
r
duuh|e
]
t
+
+ + + +
S
S
127
F
y
12"
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 49 of 113
DesignMethod:
Chooseanyvalueof
kL
between0and200
FindF
u
thenA
g
=
P
P
c
Findr
x
onJ r
Chooseavailablesectionfromthemanualandwritedownthepropertiesof
thesection.
Compute
u
=
P
A
Fromthelargerof[
kL
x
onJ [
kL
andbyusingtheallowableaxialstress
tables,findF
u
u
F
u
< 1 cboosc smollcr scction
i
u
F
u
> 1 cboosc lorgcr scction
u
F
u
bctwccn 1 onJ u.9S ; tbc scction is cJcquotc onJ ccomomicol
Lastcheckthelocalbucklingofthesection.
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 50 of 113
EX:SelectthelightestWsectionofA36steelforamemberof30longand
carryinganaxialcompressionloadasshowninfigure.Thememberisa
partofabracedstructure.
Solution:
Sincethememberisinabracedstructure:
k
x
= k
= 1.u
I
= 1S
i
onJ I
x
= Su
i
Assumc
kI
r
= 1uu
Frompage316:
F
u
= 12.98 ksi
P = 16uk
P = 16uk
A A
x
x
y
y
1S'
1S'
P = 16uk
P = 16uk
SectionAA
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 51 of 113
A
g
=
16u
12.98
= 12.S in
2
_
kI
r
]
x
= 1uu tbcn r
x
=
2ux12x1
1uu
= S.6"
_
kI
r
]
= 1uu tbcn r
x
=
1Sx12x1
1uu
= 1.8"
TryW10x45
A = 1S.S in
2
r
x
= 4.S2" r
= 2.u1"
u
=
P
A
=
16u
1S.S
= 12.uS ksi
_
kI
r
]
x
=
1xSux12
4.S2
= 8S.S
_
kI
r
]
=
1x1Sx12
2.u1
= 89.SS
WiththelargervalueofkL/r(89.55)andfromtableonpage316:
F
u
= 14.2S2 ksi
u
F
u
= 12.
uS
142S4
= u.84 < 1
Thesectioncanbeusedbutitisnotrepresentthemosteconomicalsection
forthisproblem.
TrysmallersectionW10x39
A = 11.S in
2
r
x
= 4.27"
b
]
2t
]
= 7.S J = 9.92" t
]
= u.SS "
r
= 1.98 tw=u.S1S
_
kI
r
]
x
=
Sux12x1
4.27
= 84.S
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 52 of 113
_
kI
r
]
=
1Sx12x1
1.98
= 9u.9
F
u
= 14.1 ksi
u
=
P
A
=
16u
11.S
= 1S.9ksi
u
F
u
=
1S.9
14.1
= u.98 < 1 0K
Checkthelocalbuckling:
b
]
2t
]
= 7.S <
9S
= 1S.8S
b
t
w
<
2SS
J - 2t
]
t
w
=
9.92 -(2 - u.SS)
u.S1S
= 28.126 <
2SS
6
= 42.16 0K
USEW10x39
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 53 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 54 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 55 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 56 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 57 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 58 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 59 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 60 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 61 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 62 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 63 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 64 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 65 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 66 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 67 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 68 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 69 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 70 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 71 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 72 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 73 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 74 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 75 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 76 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 77 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 78 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 79 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 80 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 81 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 82 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 83 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 84 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 85 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 86 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 87 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 88 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 89 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 90 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 91 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 92 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 93 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 94 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 95 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 96 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 97 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 98 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 99 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 100 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 101 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 102 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 103 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 104 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 105 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 106 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 107 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 108 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 109 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 110 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 111 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 112 of 113
Steel Bridges Fourth Year
Page 113 of 113