Ch 7 The Cell and Transport

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?

a.
stores DNA
b.
contains the information needed to make proteins
c.
controls most of the cell’s processes
d.
all of the above
2. Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
a.
ribosome
c.
mitochondrion
b.
chloroplast
d.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
3. Which term refers to cells having different jobs in an organism?
a.
multicellular
c.
levels of organization
b.
unicellular
d.
cell specialization
4. Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
a.
Golgi apparatus
c.
mitochondrion
b.
ribosome
d.
vacuole
5. When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the
molecules will
a.
stop moving across the membrane.
b.
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
 c.
move across the membrane in both directions.
d.
move across the membrane to the inside of the cell.
6. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
a.
an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.
b.
an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
c.
an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
d.
all of the above
7. The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one
side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?
a.
carbohydrates
c.
lipids
b.
proteins
d.
bilipids
8. Which of the following contain a nucleus?
a.
organelles
c.
prokaryotes
b.
eukaryotes
d.
bacteria
9. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
a.
chromatin
c.
nucleolus
b.
DNA
d.
cytoplasm
10. Who was one of the first people to identify and see cork cells?
a.
Matthias Schleiden
c.
Rudolf Virchow
b.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 d.
Robert Hooke
11. You will NOT find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms?
a.
animals
c.
fungi
b.
plants
d.
all of the above
12. The cells of multicellular organisms are
a.
simpler than those of unicellular organisms.
b.
not dependent on one another.
c.
specialized to perform different tasks.
d.
smaller than those of unicellular organisms.
13. Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?
a.
helps make proteins
c.
surrounds the cell
b.
helps a cell keep its shape
d.
contains DNA
14. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
a.
osmotic pressure.
c.
osmosis.
b.
active transport.
d.
facilitated diffusion.
15. Which organelle breaks down food into molecules the cell can use?
a.
endoplasmic reticulum
c.
Golgi apparatus
b.
mitochondrion
d.
lysosome
16. Electron microscopes can reveal details
 a.
1000 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes.
b.
the same size as those visible in light microscopes.
c.
100 times larger than those visible in light microscopes.
d.
100 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes.
17. Which type(s) of microscopes can produce three-dimensional images of cells?
a.
transmission electron microscopes
c.
both A and B
b.
scanning electron microscopes
d.
neither A nor B
18. Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the
simplest level to the most complex level?
a.
tissue, organ, organ system
c.
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
b.
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
d.
cell, tissue, organ system
19. A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is called a(an)
a.
organ.
c.
tissue.
b.
organ system.
d.
division of labor.
20. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are
more convenient for the cell to use?
a.
endoplasmic reticulum
c.
chloroplast
b.
Golgi apparatus
d.
mitochondrion
21. All of the following are examples of cell specialization EXCEPT
a.
 a pancreatic cell that produces protein-digesting enzymes.
b.
muscle cells that control movement of materials in the body
c.
a prokaryotic cell that carries out photosynthesis.
d.
a red blood cell that carries oxygen.
22. Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?
a.
bacteria
c.
animals
b.
plants
d.
all of the above
23. Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you
know?
a.
The cell lacks genetic material.
c.
The cell lacks cytoplasm.
b.
The cell lacks a nucleus.
d.
The cell lacks a cell membrane.
24. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pres-
sure causes
a.
water to move into the cell.
c.
solutes to move out of the cell.
b.
water to move out of the cell.
d.
solutes to move into the cell.
25. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?
a.
keeps the cell wall in place
b.
stores water, salt, proteins, and carbohydrates
c.
breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins from foods
d.
regulates which materials enter and leave the cell
26. Which structures carry out cell movement?
a.
cytoplasm and ribosomes
 c.
chromosomes
b.
microtubules and microfilaments
d.
nucleolus and nucleus
27. Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
a.
mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane
b.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
c.
rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, released from the cell
d.
ribosome, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
28. The cell theory applies to
a.
plants and animals.
c.
multicellular organisms.
b.
bacteria.
d.
all of the above
29. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?
a.
helps the cell maintain its shape
b.
prevents chromosomes from separating
c.
helps the cell move
d.
helps organelles within the cell move
30. Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
a.
Cells are the basic units of life.
b.
Very few cells reproduce.
c.
All cells are produced by existing cells.
d.
All living things are made of cells.
31. The main function of the cell wall is to
a.
store DNA.
c.
support and protect the cell.
 b.
help the cell move.
d.
direct the activities of the cell.
32. The work of Schleiden and Schwann can be summarized by saying that
a.
plants and animals have specialized cells.
b.
all plants are made of cells.
c.
all animals are made of cells.
d.
all plants and animals are made of cells.
33. Which of the following structures is found in the cytoplasm?
a.
cell wall
c.
nucleolus
b.
ribosome
d.
chromatin
34. Which of the following is an example of an organ?
a.
epithelial tissue
c.
nerve cell
b.
heart
d.
digestive system
35. Diffusion occurs because
a.
the concentration of a solution is never the same throughout a solution.
b.
molecules constantly move and collide with each other.
c.
molecules never move or collide with each other.
d.
the concentration of a solution is always the same throughout a solution.
36. Which of the following statements explains why the nucleus is important to cells?
a.
The nucleus contains coded instructions for making proteins.
b.
The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope.
c.
Only prokaryotes have nuclei.
 d.
Only eukaryotes have nuclei.
37. Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
a.
Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
c.
rough endoplasmic reticulum
b.
mitochondria and chloroplasts
d.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
38. Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is
a.
composed of a lipid bilayer.
c.
usually made of tough fibers.
b.
a flexible barrier.
d.
found in all organisms.
39. Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
a.
osmosis
c.
facilitated diffusion
b.
diffusion
d.
active transport