Overview Country Republic of Indonesia 1/ Background Statistics Human development index rank GNI per capita (PPP in US$)

Life expectancy at birth (years) Mean years of schooling (years) Expected years of schooling (years) Total population 108 1 3,957 1 71.5 1 5.7 1 12.7 1 239,871,000 2 2/ Disability Statistics Population of persons with disabilities Proportion of persons with disabilities to total population Employment rate of persons with disabilities Access to education 3,063,000 (2006) 3 1.38 per cent 3, a .. .. 3/ Definitions Definition of disability .. Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 concerning Disabled People (1997, art. 1) someone who has physical and/or mental abnormality, which could disturb or be seen as obstacle and constraint in performing normal activities, and consisted of (i) physically disabled, (ii) mentally disabled, (iii) physically and mentally disabled. Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 concerning Disabled People (1997, art. 1) Persons with disabilities can be classified into three categories: 1.

Definition of persons with disabilities

Categories of impairment

Persons with physical disability: Physical disability (loose or lack of human body function) Persons with visually disability Persons with hearing and speech disability Example: A person with a chronicle disease Persons with mental disability: Persons with intellectual disability Ex-psychotic

2.

Overview Country 3. Republic of Indonesia Both physically and mentally impaired.

4/ Commitment to International Instruments on Disability Ratification or signatory of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), and its Optional Protocol Ratification of ILO Convention 159 Ratification or signatory of the Convention on Cluster Munitions Ratification or signatory of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction Signed Convention on 30 March 2007 4 No 5 Signed Convention on 3 December 2008 6 Signed Convention on 4 December 1997; Ratified Convention on 16 February 2007 7

5/ Legal Framework Constitutional provisions Disability-specific laws Comprehensive Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 concerning Disabled People (1997) Cover: early detection, intervention and education; training and employment; access to built environments and transportation; information and technology; social security and poverty alleviation; general election at national and provincial level .. 6/ Policy Framework Disability-specific policies Comprehensive Sectoral Disability-inclusive National Plan of Action for the Measure of Social Welfare Enhancement for Indonesias People with Disabilities (2004) Presidential Decree No. 1/2010 on Accelerating of Welfare Development Presidential Decree No. 3/2010 on Justice for All 7/ Institutional Framework The national coordination mechanism or disability focal point
Sources: 1. United Nations Development Programme (2010). Human Development Report 2010 (New York, UNDP).

National Constitution (1945)

Sectoral

Disability-inclusive laws

National Coordination Team of the Measure of Social Welfare Enhancement for Persons with Disabilities, under the Ministry of Social Affairs

2. 3.

4. 5. 6. 7.

United Nations (2011). World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, accessed from http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm on 25 July 2011. Indonesia (2006). National Economic Census (Badan Pusat Statistik), cited in Government Achievement and Challenges regarding the Enhancement of ICT Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in Indonesia, report presented at the ESCAP Regional Workshop on Enhancement of ICT Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities, Incheon, Republic of Korea, 29 September-2 October 2008, accessed from www.unescap.org/esid/meetings/ICT/Indonesia.pdf on 25 July 2011. United Nations (2011). Convention and Optional Protocol Signatures and Ratifications, on the United Nations Enable website, accessed from www.un.org/disabilities/countries.asp? navid=12&pid=166 on 17 October 2011. International Labour Organization (2011). Convention No. C 159, accessed from www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C159 on 17 October 2011. Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) (2008). Ratifications and Signatures, accessed from www.clusterconvention.org/ratifications-and-signatures on 17 October 2011. Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction (1997). State Parties and Signatories, accessed from www.unog.ch/80256EE600585943/(httpPages)/6E65F97C9D695724C12571C0003D09EF? OpenDocument on 17 October 2011.

Notes: a. Based on 2006 National Economic Census estimate.

Comprehensive 1. Definitions
a) Disability .. b) Persons with disabilities The Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 concerning Disabled People (1997) defines persons with disabilities as someone who has physical and/or mental abnormality, which could disturb or be seen as obstacle and constraint in performing normal activities, and consisted of (i) physically disabled, (ii) mentally disabled, (iii) physically and mentally disabled. (Indonesia 1997, art. 1) c) Categories of impairment According to the Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 concerning Disabled People (1997), persons with disabilities can be classified into three categories:

1.

Persons with physical disability: Physical disability (loose or lack of human body function) Persons with visually disability Persons with hearing and speech disability Example: A person with a chronicle disease

2. Persons with mental disability:

Persons with intellectual disability

Ex-psychotic Both physically and mentally impaired. (Indonesia 1997, art. 1)

3.

2. Legal framework
a) Constitutional provisions National Constitution, 1945 [English] [Bahasa Indonesia]

b) Disability-specific laws and regulations i. Comprehensive disability-specific laws and regulations

Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 concerning Disabled People, 1997 [English] [Bahasa Indonesia] The Act No.4 (Indonesia 1997) is the main legal instrument for the social welfare of persons with disabilities. The Act reiterates the equal rights and opportunities of persons with disabilities in all aspects of life, including education, employment, participation, accessibility, rehabilitation and social welfare. Article 14 stipulates a quota system. Every Governmental agencies and institutions are required to formulate their own policies, strategies and programmes to improve and promote the welfare of persons with disabilities. ii. Sectoral disability-specific laws and regulations Sectoral disability-specific regulations are summarized in the table below. Table 1. Sectoral disability-specific laws and regulations in Indonesia Regulations Content Law No. 11 /2009 on Welfare. Provisional Social Rehabilitation for people with disabilities through institutional and noninstitutional system, including community based rehabilitation and mobility rehabilitation unit. Self-Help Organizations of Persons with Disabilities Minister of Social Affairs Decree No. Establish Association of Parents/ Family with 96/HK/SE/2005 on the Implementation of children with disabilities and Self Help National Plans of Action for People with Organization at National, Provincial and District Disabilities 2004-2013. level. Minister Coordination of Welfare Decree No. 07/KEP/MENKO/KESRA/III/2005 on the Coordination of the Implementation of National plans of Action for People with Disabilities 20042013. Women with Disabilities Minister of Social Affairs Decree No. Mainstreaming women with disabilities into 96/HK/SE/2005 on Implementation of National development; Plans of Action for People with Disabilities 2004- Increasing awareness people towards women

2013.

with disabilities; Increasing community resources for welfare of women with disabilities.

Minister Coordination of Welfare Decree No. 07/KEP/MENKO/KESRA/III/2005 on the Coordination of the Implementation of National plans of Action for People with Disabilities 20042013. Early Detection, Intervention and Education Government Regulation No. 72/1991 on Special Stipulates the equal rights and access of Education. children/persons with disabilities to education and defines guidelines on the establishment and arrangement of special education at elementary, junior and senior high school levels. Minister of Education Decree No. 70/2009 on Covers inclusive education for children with Inclusive Education. disabilities and children with special needs. Minister of Education and Culture Decree No. 002/U/1986 on the Integrated Education for Children with Disabilities. Minister of Education and Culture Decree No. 0491/U/1992. Minister for Health Decree No. 104/1999 on medical rehabilitation. Provides for inclusive education for children with disabilities. Covers special education.

Regulates medical rehabilitation at the Government medical facilities and communitybased efforts. Minister of Social Affairs Decree No. Provides for organization and administration of 58/HUK/2003. Indonesian Braille Publisher. Law No. 23/2002 on Child Protection. Stipulates that children with disabilities should receive specific protection. Law No. 20/2004 on National Education System. Stipulates that people with disabilities have rights to education system. Training and Employment, including Self-employment Government Regulation No. 43/1998 on the Aimed at providing social welfare for persons with Promotion of Welfare of Persons with Disabilities. disabilities. The regulation covers type of disabilities, accessibility, medical rehabilitation, education, vocational training, placement and coordinating board in promoting the welfare of persons with disabilities. The regulation provides that companies must follow a quota system by employing 1 person with disability for every 100 employees. Presidential Decree No. 83/1999 on Coordinating Signed to support the enforcement of Government Agency in Social Welfare Efforts for the Welfare Regulation Number 43/1998, the Decree covers of Persons with Disabilities. the role and function of the Agency for Coordination and Control in Generating Social Welfare for Persons with Disabilities. Ministerial of Social Affairs of Republic of Provides for implementation of social Indonesia Decree No. 55/HUK/KEP/XI/79 1981.rehabilitation services for persons with disabilities. Ministerial of Social Affairs of Republic of Provides for institutional rehabilitation for persons Indonesia Decree No.12/1981. with disabilities carried out by Social Board. Agreement of Minister of Education and Culture Provides for assistance for indigent child, children

of , Minister of Social Affairs of , Minister of with disabilities, and children in isolated areas in Internal Affairs of No. 0318/P/1984, No. 45/1984. application of compulsory education. Joint Statement between Minister for Social Joint commitment in supporting job opportunities Affairs, Minister for Manpower, Minister for Home for persons with disabilities. Affairs and Association of Employers of Surakarta, 23 January 1989. Minister of Health Decree No. Covers medical rehabilitation. 104/MENKES/PER/II/1999. Minister for Manpower Decree No. Kep-205/1999 This Ministerial Decree is the enabling regulation on Vocational Training and Job Placement for of the Act No. 4 Concerning Disabled Persons Persons with Disabilities. (1997) in the vocational training and placement aspects of persons with disabilities. Article 4 stipulates the compulsory responsibility of employer with more than 100 employees, to provide job opportunity for at least 1 worker with disabilities. Articles 5, 6 and 7 stipulate the requirements to provide sufficient vocational training to people with disabilities, and to provide the training certificate. Article 8 stipulates that vocational rehabilitation has to be provided, right after the medical, social and educational rehabilitation. Access to Built Environment and Public Transportation Governor of Jakarta Decree No. 66/1981 on Guidelines for accessibility for persons with Accessibility to Public Facilities. disabilities to public buildings and housing. Law No. 10/2009 on Tourism. Article 21 stipulates that travellers whom have physical limitations have the right to have specific facilities in accordance with their needs. Governor of Jakarta Regulation No. 17/1991 on Provides for penalties regarding the application of Requirements on Accessibility and Equipment for guidelines on accessibility. Persons with Disabilities. Public Act No. 13/1992 on Train Transportation Stipulates special accessibility provisions for (amended with Law No. 23 /2007 on train passengers with disabilities. transportation). Public Act No. 14/1992 (amended with Law No. 22/2009 on Traffic and land transportation). Law No. 17 /2008 on Shipping. Law No.1/2009 on Airplane Transportation. Minister of Public Works Decree No. 468/1998 on Provides for accessibility standards in buildings the Technical Accessibility Requirement for for persons with disabilities and elderly. Public Building and Its Environment. Minister of Public Work Decree No. 468/1998 on Covers technical conditions for accessibility of the Technical Accessibility Requirement for public building and environment. Covers technical Public Building and Its Environment (amended conditions for accessibility of public building and with Minister of Public Work Decree No.30 / environment 2006). Minister of Transportation Decree No. 71/1999. Provides for accessibility for persons with disabilities and ill people in facilities and infrastructure of transportation. Governor of Jakarta Decree No. 140/2001 on Establishment of Team for the Promotion of Accessibility Team. Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in the

Jakarta province. Law No. 28/2002 on Buildings. Stipulates technical standards for accessible buildings for disabled persons and it is obligatory to provide accessible building for persons with disabilities. Access to Information and Communication Law No. 32/2002 on Broadcasting. Article 39 stipulates that Broadcasting agencies may provide sign language for deaf people. Poverty Alleviation through Capacity-building, Social Security and Sustainable Livelihood Programmes Presidential Decision Number 39/1983 Coordinates social welfare for persons with on Coordination of Social Welfare for Disabled disabilities. Persons. Presidential Decree No. 1/2010 on Accelerating Covers the priority targets of beneficiaries of Welfare Development. welfare development for those with severe disabilities trough Social Security. Source: International Labour Organization (ILO no date). The Status of Training and Employment Policies and Practices for People with Disabilities in Indonesia, accessed from http://wallis.kezenfogva.iif.hu/eu_konyvtar/Projektek/Vocational_Rehabilitiation/publ/indo_p3.htm#3 2 on 29 June 2009. c) Disability-inclusive laws and regulations ..

3. Policies and plans

a) Disability-specific policies and plans i. Comprehensive disability-specific policies and plans

National Plan of Action for Indonesian People with Disabilities 2004 - 2013 [English] [Bahasa Indonesia] The National Plan of Action 2004-2013 (Indonesia 2004) aims to steer political support from stakeholders, improving social services of persons with disabilities, protection and social security, and strengthen social organizations that provide social services for persons with disabilities. In accordance to the Biwako Millennium Framework to which Indonesia is a signatory, the priorities of the Plan are as follows: 1. Self-supporting organizations of people with disabilities and association for family and parents of people with disabilities; 2. Women with disabilities; 3. Early detection, early intervention and education; 4. Training and job placement, including entrepreneurship; 5. Accessibility to built environment and public transportation; 6. Accessibility to communication and information, including information technology, communication and assistive devices; 7. Poverty alleviation through improvement of social security and continuity life programme and

8.

International cooperation.

ii. Sectoral disability-specific policies and plans Social rehabilitation and services are provided, both institutional-based and non-institutional based. Also included are communitybased rehabilitation and mobility unit rehabilitation and social rehabilitation based on families. Also provided are social assistance and maintaining of welfare by social security assurance for those who are severely disabled. b) Disability-inclusive policies and plans ..

4. Institutional framework and Government focal point

Ministry of Social Affairs

The General Directorate of Social Rehabilitation and Services of the Ministry of Social Affairs is responsible for disability issues.

Coordinating Agency for the Welfare of Persons with Disabilities

The Coordinating Agency is established at the national, provincial and district levels. The National Coordinating Board is chaired by the Minister for Social Affairs, with membership from various Ministries, including health, education, manpower and some representatives of professionals and persons with disabilities. The Coordination Board convenes regular meetings to monitor the development of the medical, social and vocational rehabilitation efforts. The Ministry of Social Affairs can be contacted at the following: Ministry of Social Affairs General Directorate of Social Rehabilitation and Services Jl. Salemba Raya no. 28 Jakarta 10430, Indonesia, Tel: + 62 (21) 3100438, + 62 (816) 931046 Fax: + 62 (21) 3100438, 3103613

5. Useful links
Mitra Netra Foundation (MNF) www.mitranetra.or.id dCARE www.dcare.or.id

6. References
International Labour Organization (ILO no date). The Status of Training and Employment Policies and Practices for People with Disabilities in Indonesia, accessed from http://wallis.kezenfogva.iif.hu/eu_konyvtar/Projektek/Vocational_Rehabilitiation/publ/indo_p3.htm#3

2 on 29 June 2009. Indonesia (1945). The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, accessed from www.concourt.am/armenian/legal_resources/world_constitutions/constit/indones/indnes-e.htm on 25 July 2011. Indonesia (1997). Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4, of 1997, Concerning Disabled People, accessed from www.ilo.org/public/english/region/asro/bangkok/ability/download/indonesiadisact1997.pdf on 25 July 2011. _______ (2004). National Plan of Action for Indonesian People with Disabilities 2004 - 2013. _______ (2006). National Economic Census (Badan Pusat Statistik), cited in Government Achievement and Challenges regarding the Enhancement of ICT Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in Indonesia, report presented at the ESCAP Regional Workshop on Enhancement of ICT Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities, Incheon, Republic of Korea, 29 September-2 October 2008, accessed from www.unescap.org/esid/meetings/ICT/Indonesia.pdf on 25 July 2011. Last updated: 17 October 2011.