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In the booklet Trigonometric Graphs you met the following transformations:

- Horizontal translation of o units
- Vertical translation of | units
- Stretch in the x direction with factor m
- Stretch in the y direction with factor k
- Reflection in the x-axis
- Reflection in the y-axis
In this booklet we will look at transformations of other graphs.


Exercise 1
For this exercise you will need to use a graphic calculator or computer package. In
each case, plot both graphs and describe the transformation which takes the first
graph to the second:

1. y = x
2
and y = (x 3)
2

2. y = 3
x
and y = 3
x 2

3. y = x
3
and y = (x + 2)
3

4. y =
1
x
and y =
( )
1
3 x +


5. y = x
3
and y = x
3
2
6. y = 0.5
x
and y = 0.5
x
+ 3
7. y = x
2
and y = x
2
4
8. y =
1
x
and y =
( )
1
1
2 x
+

9. y = x
3
and y = (x - 2)
3
3
10 . y = x
2
3x and y = 2x
2
6x
11. y = 0.25(x
3
+ x
2
20x) and y = 0.125(x
3
+ x
2
20x)
12. y = x(x 6) and y = 2x(2x 6)
13. y = 3
x
and y = 3
0.5x

14. y = 2
x
and y = 2
-x

15. y = x (4 x) and y = -x (4 + x)
16. y = x
3
+ 4 and y= -x
3
4
17 . y = 0.5
x
and y = -0.5
x







Pure Core 2 Module 13.1
Translations
Stretches
Reflections

Last Modified 27 Feb 2005
2
Exercise 2
In this exercise the questions refer to two graphs,
y =expression1 and y =expression2.
In each of the cases below, state the transformation which corresponds to the
change from expression1 to expression2
1. expression2 = expression1 + 5
2. expression2 = 3expression1
3. expression2 = -1expression1
4. expression2 = expression1(where each x term has been replaced with 2x)
5. expression2 = expression1(where each x term has been replaced with -x)
6. expression2 = expression1(where each x term has been replaced with x-3 )

Exercise 3
In each of the following examples below state the transformation which takes the first
graph to the second:
1. y = (x + 3)
2
and y = (x + 7)
2

2. y = 4
x
3 and y = 4
x
5
3. y = 3sin(x) and y = 6sin(x)
4. y = (x 2)
3
and y = (x + 2)
3
+ 5
5. y = 2
-x
+ 1 and y = 2
x
+ 1
6. y = tan(4x) and y = tan(2x)
7. y = 3 x
2
and y = x
2
3

Answers
Exercise 1
1. Horizontal translation of +3 2. Horizontal translation of +2
3. Horizontal translation of 2 4. Horizontal translation of -3
5. Vertical translation of -2 6. Vertical translation of +3
7. Vertical translation of -4 8. Translation of
2
1
| |
|
\ .

9. Translation of
2
3
| |
|

\ .
10. Stretch in the y-direction, factor 2
11. Stretch in the y-direction, factor 0.5 12. Stretch in the x-direction, factor 0.5
13. Stretch in the x-direction, factor 2 14. Reflection in y-axis
15. Reflection in y-axis 16. Reflection in x-axis
17. Reflecton in x-axis

Exercise 2
1. Vertical translation of +5 2. Stretch in y-direction, factor 3
3. Reflection in x-axis 4. Stretch in x-direction, factor 0.5
5. Reflection in y-axis 6. Horizontal translation of +3

Exercise 3
1. Horizontal translation of -4 2. Vertical translation of -2
3. Stretch in y-direction, factor 2 4. Translation
4
5
| |
|
\ .

5. Reflection in y-axis 6. Stretch in x-direction, factor 2
7. Reflection in x-axis
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