TCVN 5760:1993

VIETNAM STANDARDS

TCVN 5760:1993

FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND UTILIZATION

This Standard is applied for design, installation and utilization of fire-extinguishing systems equipped for construction works, (factories, enterprises, warehouses, offices, and houses, etc.) 1 Terminology and definitions

1.1 Fire-extinguishing system is a general term for specialized technical equipment, pipework and fire-extinguishing substances used to extinguish a fire. 1.2 A fixed fire-extinguishing system means a fire-extinguishing system which is installed in a fixed location. 1.3 A semi-fixed fire-extinguishing system is a fire-extinguishing system which part of the system is installed fixedly while the remaining is to be completely installed under fire extinguishing. 1.4 An automatic fire-extinguishing means a fire extinguishing system which is automatically controlled once a fire occurs. 1.5 A manual fire-extinguishing system is a fire-extinguishing system which is operated by hand. 1.6 Volume-based fire-fighting system is a fire-extinguishing system creating an environment where fire is not sustained within the volume requiring fire protection. 1.7 Surface fire-extinguishing system is a fire-extinguishing system which is sued to cover by spraying over the surface of the fire substance. 1.8 Water fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system of which the substance used for fire extinguishing is water. 1.9 Foam fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system of which the substance used to fight fire is foam. 1.10 Powder fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system of which the substance used for fire extinguishing is powder. 1.11 Gas fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system of which the substance used to extinguish fire is gas.
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1.12 Steam fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system of which the substance used for fire extinguishing is steam. 1.13 Sprinkler fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system with a closed ejector set in permanent status. Such ejector will open once fixed temperature is reached and it only extinguishes partly on a pre-fixed area. 1.14 Drencher fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system with open ejector. Once a fire occurs, the whole are below the ejectors will spray fire-fighting substance. 1.15 Wall fire-fighting system means a fire-fighting system which is installed on the wall inside the construction building. 1.16 Control unit means the equipment that controls the operation of a fire-fighting system. 1.17 Fire-extinguishing substance supply and storage unit means the equipment that is used to store and convey fire-fighting substance. 1.18Fire-fighting substance distribution unit is a general term for technical equipment used to distribute, conduct and transfer fire-fighting substance. 2. Fire classification 2.1 Subject to the status of fire substances and materials, a fire is divided into 4 categories: solid fire is symbolized as A, liquid fire as B, gas fire as C and metal fire as D. Each category is also classified into group to ensure high efficiency when employing fire-fighting system. 2.2 Fire category and group are stipulated in Table 1 Table 1 Fire group feature 4 Solid burned in smouldering process (e.g. wood, paper, dry weeds, straw, coal and textile products Solid burned without smouldering process (e.g. plastic materials) Burning of liquid not mixed in water (e.g. gasoline, ether, fuel, mineral oil), solid fire turning to liquid (e.g. paraffin)

Fire category symbol 1

Fire feature 2

Fire group symbol 3

A1 A Solid fire A2

Liquid fire

B1

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B2 Gas fire (e.g. methane, hydro, propane..) D1

Burning of liquid mixed in water (e.g. alcohol, methanol, glycerin)

Metal fire

D2

D3

Burning of light metal (e.g. aluminum, magnesium and their alloy) Burning of alkali metal and other similar metals (e.g. natrium, kalium) Burning of alloys containing metal (e.g. metal organic compound, metal hydro)

2.3 The fire symbols help to use fire-fighting equipment, tools properly with each type of fire. Each fire-extinguishing tool, equipment shall be labeled with symbol, conforming to regulations. Fire symbols are stated in Table 2. Table 2 Fire category A B C D Fire symbols (black shape, white word) (pls. see original)

A B C D

(triangle)

(square) (round) (diamond)

Note: For equipment, tools which can fight various fires, they shall be labeled sufficiently types of required symbols. 3. Design requirements 3.1 When designing fire-fighting system, it is required to base on fire category, fire-rate and quantity of fire substance in the work and fire-fighting efficiency of the system. See Table 3 for fire-fighting efficiency when designing system.

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Table 3
Firefighting substance Water System Wall Sprinkler Drencher Light foam Foam Gas Powder Heavy foam Average foam CO2 BC Powder ABCD Powder + + Efficiency when fighting types of fire A B C D A1 A2 B1 B2 D1 D2 ++ ++ + ++ ++ ++ + + ++ ++ D3

Note: Symbol ++ means Symbol + means Symbol - means Light foam means Average foam means Heavy foam means BC Powder means ABCD Powder means

Very efficient Suitable for fire fighting Not suitable for fire fighting Foam with high expanding multiple Foam with average expanding multiple Foam with low expanding multiple Powder used for fighting fires symbolized as B,C Powder used for fighting fires symbolized as A,B,C and D

3.2 Fire-extinguishing system with: Alarm unit Control unit Fire-fighting substance supply and storage unit Fire-extinguishing distributor and ejector/sprayer Pipework Power supply unit

For manual and semi-fixed fire-fighting systems, it is allowed to reduce some components which are considered unnecessary in the system. 3.3 When designing a fire-fighting system, fire-fighting substance capacity shall be ensured. The fire-fighting substance capacity is subject to types of fire-fighting substance, fire materials, area and volume requiring fire-extinguishing. 3.4 The fire-fighting system shall ensure sufficient pressure to put the fire-fighting substance into the place on fire. 3.5 The fire-fighting substance supply and storage unit shall ensure a continuous operation and shall have a reservation suitable for each type of fire-fighting systems, in conformity with TCVN 2622-78 and TCVN 5307 1991

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3.6 The fire-fighting distributor, ejector and spraying head (lng phun) shall ensure to cover the fire surface with fire-fighting substance. 3.7 It is required to use suitable sprayers and spraying heads for each type of firefighting system. 3.8 The alarm unit shall ensure normal operation. When fighting fire, alarm signals shall be given. 3.9 The power supply unit shall ensure to supply sufficiently energy for a fire-fighting system to operate. There shall be a standby power supply source to duly substitute once the main power supply source is cut off. 3.10 When designing fire-fighting systems for a construction work, it is required: Explanation for structure and operation principle of the system Technical specifications Calculations and definitions of specifications Instructions for system function checking and technical maintenance manual. Technical drawings.

3.11When designing fire-fighting system, it is required to review the work structural features to ensure efficiency when putting it in use. 3.12 SPRINKLER fire-fighting system shall only be designed for construction work having ceiling or roof height from 10m downwards. The distance from sprayer, spraying head to fire materials shall be ensured from 0.5m onwards. 3.13 The DRENCHER fire-fighting system is designed for construction work without any limit for ceiling or roof height. When designing DRENCHER fire-fighting system, it is required to have an regional division to avoid uncontrollably fire-extinguishing. 3.14When designing foam or gas fire-fighting system, it is required to consider the ability of excessive gas getting out in order to reduce extra pressure in the work. 3.15 The fire-fighting substance supply and storage unit shall be designed either indoors or outdoors subject to specific conditions of the work. 4. Installation requirements 4.1 It is only allowed to carry out installation or replacement a fire-fighting system according to design documents approved by a fire-protection authority. 4.2 When installing a fire-fighting system, all equipment shall be ensured for tightness and durability, especially the systems which contain pressured fire-fighting substance. 4.3 The fire-fighting substance supply and storage unit placed outdoors shall have a weather-protection roof.
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4.4 After completely installing a fire-fighting system, it is required to carry out testing, making assessment for the quality and technical specifications of the system and recording all data in inspection minutes. 5. Utilization requirements 5.1 It is only allowed to put into operation those fire-fighting system which ensure that the quality and technical specification conform to design. 5.2 Each fire-fighting system must have a record book to record all data relevant to such system. The record book shall be kept and recorded by the operator. 5.3 The fire-fighting system manufacturers instructions. shall be periodically maintained according to

In case of repair and/or replacement once there is operation problem or failure, it shall be performed in compliance with the instructions. 5.4 After using fire-fighting system for fire extinguishing or practicing, the managing office shall quickly replace or repair the system if so required. 5.5 The fire-fighting system operator shall have a certain professional understanding and shall be well aware of operation procedure as instructed by manufacturer. 5.6 The system operator shall regularly inspect the fire-fighting capability and availability of the system according to manufacturers instructions as well as other relevant documents. When failures are found, it is required to inform the person in charge in the company/office to overcome/resolve. 5.7 The person who carries out repairing or maintenance or replacement of fire-fighting system components shall be qualified and decided by an authority. ____________