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Chapter 10 Notes:
Launching the New Ship of State
1789 - 1800
Introduction:
• The new country faced “teething troubles”
Finances and national debt
Many Americans regarded the central government as a necessary evil
Growing Pains
• America was growing at an amazing rate
Population was shooting up (doubling every 25 years)
Cities were beginning to flourish, but the country was 90% rural
• Problems
Foreigners looked down on the rough American people
Spanish and British-owned/occupied lands were an issue for new settlers
Jay’s Treaty
• British promise to evacuate a chain of posts on U.S. soil
Had already promised that before, but failed to evacuate
Chapter 10 Notes
Federalists Democratic-Republicans
Rule by the “best people” (intelligent) Rule by the informed (literate) masses
Didn’t want to open democracy up fully Favored near-complete democracy
Powerful central gov’t over state power Weak central gov’t to preserve states’
rights
Loose interpretation of the Constitution Strict interpretation of the Constitution
Gov’t to foster business Agriculture preferred to business
Protective tariffs No special favors for manufacturers
Pro-British (conservative Brit tradition) Pro-French (radical revolutionary
tradition)
National debt is good if properly funded National debt bad – rigid economy better
Expanding bureaucracy Smaller bureaucracy (fewer federal
office holders)
Powerful central bank Encouragement to state banks
Chapter 10 Notes
Restrictions on free speech & press Relatively free speech and press
Concentration in seacoast area South & southwest: inland & agricultural
areas
Strong navy to protect shippers Minimal navy for coastal defense
Chronology
US Bank created
XYZ Affair