HOME ASSIGNMENT Q1.

In the context of Innovation and change Management, Write Short Notes on:(a) Ability to create options. (b) Design for environment and Design for safety with examples. (c) Capability to move from one option to another (d) Empowerment to decide. ANSWER: a.) Ability to create options :

b.) Design for environment and Design for safety with examples :
The Teijin Group positions Design for Environment as one of the three core elements of environmental management. Design for Environment is defined as: Product design that aims to reduce the environmental impact of each product through evaluating the overall environmental impact throughout the product life cycle including raw materials, production, use and disposal. (Environmental impact includes release of CO2/sulfur oxides that contribute to global warming/air pollution.) Based on this definition, in January 2008, we established the Teijin Group Design for Environment Guidelines, which apply to six areas; safety, energy saving, resource saving, environmental conservation, provision of information, and environmental impact reduction in the manufacturing stage. When a product, manufacturing process or IT service is newly designed or the design is improved, the guidelines and a special checklist are

used to evaluate the design. Various measures to reduce the environmental impact are investigated, and the results are reflected in the design of new products, manufacturing processes and IT services.

Design for Environment Organizational Bodies

Products that Received Design for Environment Approval in FY2011

Resource Saving BIOFRONT Despite being a bioplastic,BIOFRONT has high heat resistance owing to its stereocomplex polylactic acid crystal structure. Its melting point of 200C or higher is equal to that of

petroleum-derived polyester (PET, PBT) and it is suited to applications for industry and durable consumables.

Energy

Saving/Environmental Conservation

Artificial leather Cordley (using ECOPETSF andAEROTOPSF)

Cordley has a structure similar to natural leather while weighing approx. 20% less than our conventional artificial leather. It is used in school bags sold by Nitori throughout Japan (during certain seasons). DESIGN BY SAFETY: Safety by design is a concept and movement that

encourages construction or product designers to "design out" health and safety risks during design development. The concept supports the view that along with quality, program and cost; safety is determined during the design stage. Within Europe, construction designers are legally bound to design out risks during design development to reduce hazards in the construction and end use phases via the Mobile Worksite Directive (also known as CDM regulations in the UK. The concept supports this legal requirement Real World Example - An OSHA Inspection: Following a near miss incident in a wood products manufacturing operation, an OSHA inspection resulted in requirements for several process changes. The changes were strictly based on perceived non-compliance with OSHA standards. The requested changes created substantial difficulties for the manufacturer due to the tightly integrated nature of the operation. To implement the OSHA changes would have created substantial problems for the manufacturer in terms of reorienting work flow, modifying equipment, and lost operations to make the changes. As an alternate to the compliance assessment conducted by OSHA, the risk assessment process was used to better understand the particular hazards and evaluate options to reduce risks to an acceptable level. The risk

assessment demonstrated that certain process changes OSHA required would increase overall risk, e.g., although egress risks would decrease, the ergonomic risks would greatly increase. The risk assessment also helped to identify alternate risk reduction methods that could be reasonably implemented by the company that addressed the underlying concerns raised by OSHA. In this instance, the risk assessment process moved the discussion from a compliance/non-compliance argument to a discourse on how to reduce the risks of particular hazards to an acceptable level for all parties. The risk assessment process was successful in this regard.