Synopsis On

ENERGY THROUGH BUSY ROAD

Submitted By: Name LAXMAN B.TECH (E.E.E)

INTRODUCTION Main Theme of This Project NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY GENERATION

CONCEPT: MECHANICAL TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

LOGIC: use dynamo as a speed breaker, One rod with the dynamo is placed like a speed breaker. Dynamo is so powerful. Movement of vehicle just rotates the dynamo shaft and electricity is generated. This voltage is to be stored in the chargeable battery. In the night lights are automatic on with the help of photovoltaic switch logic. But all lights are not on, only half light are on. Other half lights switch on automatically when any vehicle move on the bridge, when there is no vehicle on the bridge then lights are off automatically. We use two infra red sensors to check the movement of vehicle. When first infra red sensor is on then lights are on and when second sensor is interrupt then lights are off.

COMPONENTS USED: 1. 89s51 microcontroller. 2. photodiode( 2) 3. 5mminfra red led (2) 4. 5mm7805 regulator ( 5 volt 5. )crystal ( 12 mhz) 6. connected to pin no 18 and 1927 pf ( 2_) 7. grounded from crystal 8. resistance: 9. 10k ohm (3) 10. 470 ohm(2) 11. 270 ohm (6) 12. 1 k ohm (1) 13. ldr for automatic street light 14. npn bc 548 for ldr switching 15. requirement of pcb 16. 12 volt dyanmo6 volt chargebale batterychangover switchl.e.d ( 6 ) for street light

Basic Block Diagram

STREET LIGHTS

STREET LIGHTS

805 1
DYNMO

5v POWER SUPLY
12 MHz Crystal IR Sensors

Circuit Diagram

CIRCUIT WORKING In this project we use 89s51 controller, family member of the 8051 family. Supply voltage of the microcontroller is 5 volt dc. For this purpose we convert the battery voltage into 5 volt dc with the help of the 5 volt regulator circuit. For this purpose we use ic 7805 regulator to regulate the high voltage into 5 volt dc. One capacitor is ground from the regulator for filtration. Capacitor reduces the noise. Output of the regulator is connected to the pin no40 of the controller directly. One crystal is connected to the pin no 18 and 19 of the controller to provide a oscillation signal. For this purpose we use 12 MHz crystal. Two capacitor are grounded from the crystal to reduce the noise In this project we use two logic. One is light sensitive logic and second is road sensor logic. When sensor is in dark then all the lights are on and when sensor is in light then all the lights are off. This is done by the light sensor (LDR). LDR is a light dependent resistor, when light fall on the ldr then ldr offers a low resistance and when ldr is in dark then ldr offers a high resistance. Here in this project we use the ldr with npn transistor circuit. Emitter of the npn transistor is connected to the ground and collector is connected to the pin no 3 of the controller. When ldr is in light then there is low positive on the base of the npn transistor and collector i s b e c o m e m o r e n e g a t i v e . W h e n l d r i s i n d a r k t h e n t h e r e i s n o b a s e v o l t a g e a n d h e n c e collector becomes more positive. Microcontroller sense this change of voltage and switch on the output led which is connected to the port 0 leds are connected with the port 0 through the resistance in series, here in thiswe use 6 l.e.d . Common point of the l.e.d is connected with the positive line.Out of 6 only three l.e.ds are on .Our second part of this project is infra red sensor. In this logic when any car cross the first ir sensor then all the led are on and if the traffic continuous then led are on if the no car on the road then again three led are eon and three are off For this purpose we use two IR sensor circuit with this project .here in this project we use infra red sensor and one photodiode circuit when light fall on the photosensor then resistance of photos sensor become low and hence negative voltage is applied to the controller, when any car cross the photodiode and then photo diode resistance become high and hence signal is change on the pin no 2 of the controller. As the controller sense this change of signal on pin then all the light are on.

FUTURE PROSPECTIVES Low Budget electricity production No obstruction to traffic Less floor area- maintenance is very easy- multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc can make use of this system.- It can be used for Charging batteries and using them to light up the streets \ CONCLUSION The principle involved is POTENTIAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL

ENERGYCONVERSION. There is a system to generate power by converting the potential energy generated by a vehicle going up on a speed breaker into kinetic energy. When the vehicle moves over the inclined plates, it gains height resulting in increase in potential energy, which is wasted in a conventional rumble strip. When the breaker comes down, they crank a lever fitted to a ratchet-wheel type mechanism (a angular motion converter) which inturn rotates a geared shaft loaded with recoil springs. The output of this shaft is coupled to dy n a m o e n e r g y i n t o e l e c t r i c i t y t o c o n v e r t k i n e t i c

REFERENCES www.8051 projects.net www.wikipideia.com www.8052projects.com www.howstuffworks .com http://www.numitechsolutions.com/

8051 programming by M. ali Mazidi