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Objectives
After completing this chapter you will be able to understand: Identify and document the generic and other requirements of a project. Analyse Mini Project Management approach (MPM). Identify the different supports that the project management system provides. Identify the computer related technologies that are easy to use in project management. Prepare a checklist for your project to define, plan, and monitor the project. Elucidate how a call is planned during managing the project.
Structure:
4.1 Introduction 4.2 Requisites of Project Management 4.3 Documenting the Requirements 4.4 Project Identification 4.5 Project Identification process 4.6 Checklist for a Project 4.7 Uses of Checklists 4.8 Teamwork and Relationships among Team Members 4.9 Call Planning in a Project Management 4.10 Project Management Tools
4.1 Introduction
Project management has wide variety of applications such as scheduling, cost control, resource allocation, budget management and so on. The main objective of project management is to achieve a specific target or a goal. Earlier the usage of project management was scientific, unyielding, rigid specific and restricted to only some technologies. However, the applications of project management have taken a wide perspective in emphasizing the process and the human work involved in the process. Project management has many applications/tools that help the delivery of the project in time with expected quality and within budget. These tools/applications helps planning, creating, monitoring the budget, distribution of resources, communication and other factors that are necessary for managing the project easier and deal with the ambiguity of the large projects.
Monitoring and systems management: It includes information to monitor the work flow of the project to make decisions that benefits the organisation needs. Monitoring also includes information about managing and maintaining the expected and available budget. It also encompasses information of managing the system for implementing the developed work. Key support and maintenance items: It provides support and maintenance to handle projects of various sizes. It ensures that the project has resources available that best suits the wants of the company. Back up: It facilitates provision of maintaining copies of the work to ensure that the information can be recovered in case of any failure or exceptions. Data retention and data archiving policies: Data retention maintains information about the legal records and business accounts that supports the project workflow. However, data archiving policies are the process of removing the selected data records from operational databases. Information can be stored in an archive and can be retrieved when needed. Archiving also facilitates to move the redundant and old data from working area to another data store. Contingency and mitigation plans: It maintains a plan that ensures that any predictable or occurred risks are analysed and solved in time. A contingency plan is a plan that includes various strategies and actions that helps in dealing with variances that are specific to a particular problem or emergency. The plans also facilitate monitoring of the unpredictable process and ensure that the planned actions are initiated. It is a plan that is maintained as back up procedures, emergency response, and post disaster recovery. This ensures that the resources that are critical for the project is available and the flow of the project is maintained at any emergency situation. On the other hand the mitigation plans are also termed as Risk Response Plan. The plan ensures that the risks that have already occurred should be handled with care and timely. Service level documentation: It maintains information that serves as a guideline for the members of the team2. The various procedures and policies specific to the project are mentioned in this and can be referred by the team. Lesson Learnt: During the project execution, the team goes through lots of experiences. All such experiences that can benefit the forthcoming projects and can avoid repetition of some mistakes in other projects should be clearly documented and circulated to the other projects at regular intervals.
the Project Kick off meeting is held with members of the project team, the project manager will engage various resources required for developing the project such as developers, support groups, engineers, and security groups. A project Kick off means initiating the plan which defines how to perform the implementation of the project. The project manager gathers all the required resources to meet the requirements defined. It is vital to document any tasks and schedules that have been assigned and maintained in a tracker. The project milestone tracker can be used to check if the tasks and schedules of the project and the objectives of the project are achieved regardless of the size of the project. Documenting the assigned tasks may include designing documents, noting the installation steps, providing information of the hardware, grid location of the hardware, providing versions of the various softwares used, etc. These are documented in the Project Requirements Document. It also facilitates in maintaining information of how to support the application and how to keep the application secure by performing various proactive monitoring checks. Various updates and patches are also documented to keep the working environment more stable. Back up and retention policies are also documented to ensure data recovery, in situations such as system crash.
Business Case. Assign the Candidate Project a new Project Code. 1.2 REVIEW BUSINESS CASE The Business Case will be examined by an screening body with the corporate authority to accept or reject a Candidate Project. When a Business Case is accepted, the Candidate Project is captured in a repository for ranking and selection. If additional information is required on a Business Case, note it as pending and issue an Information Request to the requester. If a Business Case is rejected, send the information to the requester with an explanation for the rejection. Remain this information in a repository. 1.3 UPDATE BUSINESS CASE When additional information is received on a Candidate Project, obtain the pending Business Case from the repository and revise the data. 2. RANK CANDIDATE PROJECTS When requested, all Candidate Projects that are in the repository should be objectively ranked in order of significance. The ranking criteria should include... Target due dates Impact on the total business Impact on the technology architecture Impact on other applications Project size, cost and duration Project risk It will be helpful to rank projects against each of these criteria separately and then compile a single ranking that weights each of these criteria against each other. This ranking process is typically used to feed quarterly budget decisions but may be requested at any time. 3. EVALUATE RESOURCES An updated Skills Inventory should be maintained for all corporate (Business Unit and Information Technology Department) resources that are available for project assignment. Additionally, an inventory of available contract resources should also be captured. The purpose of this Skills Inventory is to understand the true capabilities and capacities of these resources. 4. DETERMINE RESOURCE NEEDS By evaluating the Skills Inventory and the Candidate Project repository, this process will identify anticipated requirements for quantities and capabilities of future resources. This information will provide. The identification of critical training needs A basis for employment opportunities Criteria for contract personal This process should be reviewed on a regular basis by Resource Managers within the organization and can be used for staff career counseling. 5 APPROVE PROJECT 5.1 SELECT PROJECT Based on the information provided by the ranking process, the Core Process Owners of the business will authorize a specific project for initiation. Thisproject should now be removed as a Candidate Project.
5.2 ASSIGN RESOURCES Even though a project has been selected, it does not become an active project until resources are approved and deployed against it. It is critical to remember that when resources are assigned from the Skills Inventory, this deployment has a proportionate impact on the resources availability. The organization must be very careful to not over-commit limited resources in an attempt to look more productive.
Project Estimation checklist: This checklist ensures that the planned goals and objectives are actually achieved. It facilitates that the effort required, duration required and the costs incurred are estimated efficiently. Project Implementation checklist: This checklist ensures that the objectives of the project, assigned tasks, deadlines and the progress of the tasks and the various milestones set are monitored constantly. Project Quality checklist: This checklist ensures that the quality standards for the project are identified. The deliverables of the project are evaluated to ensure that the quality is maintained according to the policies of the organisation. Project Cost Management checklist: This checklist includes various techniques and procedures for estimating and planning the cost of the project. It also ensures that the variances in the budget and the cost overruns are managed efficiently. Project Human Resource checklist: This checklist ensures that the job roles and responsibilities of the task are distributed according to the skills possessed by the members of the team. This checklist facilitates in modifying the Human Resource as per the specific requirements from the users. Project Execution checklist: Execution is a phase when the manager of the project and the project team perform various tasks and activities to produce the deliverables to the customers.
with the type of audience and the expectations of the audience from them. A presentation goal has to be prepared first and the factors that support the goal has to be determined. Team work: It is very important to maintain a friendly and cordial relationship among the other members of the team to create the positive interest to work .The team members maturity level has to be understood to determine if further motivation is necessary to achieve the defined goals. It is necessary to find the leader within self to take ownership of the work assigned. It is good to celebrate the success of the project after delivery to ensure that the similar working enthusiasm is built for the next process. It is necessary that listening to the other members of the team is emphasised, trust and work balance are treated as priorities of the team.
Gantt Project: It is open source software that provides facility to create Gantt charts for representing the outcome of the project in an easy way. It can also be used to create Program Evaluation and Review (PERT) charts, and allocating the resources. Open Workbench: It is open source software that allows billing by itself. Project pier: It is open source software that facilitates the processes of managing the messages and various tasks assigned. It is also helpful in defining various milestones of the project. It allows the members of the project to upload and manage various formats of their files. Open Proj: It is open source application software that is used to create charts such as Gantt charts and PERT charts. It is distributed under the Common Public Attribution License (CPAL) and owned by Serena software. Project HQ: It is open source application software that facilitates processes such as tracking and monitoring the projects and defining the milestones. Clocking IT: This tool is used to monitor and estimate the amount of time and effort required on each task in the project. Task Juggler: This tool is open source application software that enables features such as managing the dependencies of various tasks of the project, defining and allocating various resources, and estimating the costs required to meet the defined budget of the project. This tool also provides facilities for analyzing the risks and uncertainties associated with the project. However, there are some licensed tools used for managing the project. They offer a short free trial to the customers required. They are: Microsoft project planner: It is a project planner tool that encompasses various features. Some of them include: - It allows building a detailed schedule for the project and tracking it. - It facilitates to assign multiple resources and analyse dependencies of various tasks. - It ensures that the actual project progress against the planned action is viewed. - It facilitates to set milestones for various tasks and activities. Copper tool: It is a web based tool. It is an online tool that is used for managing the project activities effectively. It is useful in making the projects, clients, various contacts and documents centralized. It facilitates a single location for all the preferred documents. Active Collab: It is also a web based tool that is used to maintain a portfolios of project, it monitors the status of the project on a regular basis. No kahuna: This tool facilitates setting up of projects from any location. It helps in refining and distributing various tasks of the project. It allows constant monitoring and keeping track of the status of the project. Lighthouse: It is an online tool that helps in planning, defining and controlling the project to ensure the best quality output.
Activity 1
Explain the various computer related technologies that the project management should support.
Activity 2
Explain Project Identification and various uses of project.
4.11 Summary
Project management has many applications that are necessary to provide cost effective and quality output as per the expectations of the clients. However, in bigger organisation that manages a portfolio of projects, requires constant monitoring of human resources as well as every phase of the development project. It has vast applications in managing the project such as managing the scope, time, cost, quality, Human Resources, communications, risk, procurement
and integration. The managing of the project facilitates the applications of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques of the objectives of the project to meet the needs and expectations of the stakeholders. Thus, by using checklists in the project, employees can adhere to the standards and policies of the company both internally and the external expectations of the clients. Using checklists in the applications ensures that the work progresses in the flow step by step minimizing the risks and uncertainties associated with the project.
b) State whether the statement is true or false: i) Project management is to achieve a specific target or a goal. ii) During the project execution, the team goes through lots of Pressure. iii) The various procedures and policies specific to the project can be referred by the Management. iv) The mitigation plans are also termed as Risk Response Plan. v) Ranking process is typically used to feed quarterly budget decisions but may be request at only one time. c) Multiple type Questions: i) The project requires implementing applications that are new for the users. (a). Software (b). Implementing (c). Research (d). Technology. ii) The project manager is responsible for making a detailed research and analysis of the project. (a). Making (b). Achieving (c). Targeting (d). Verifying. iii) Deployment has a proportionate impact on the resources availability. (a). Quantity (b). Quality (c). Resource (d). Responsible iv) A checklist is defined as a to do list for the project managers. (a). Project Manager (b) Employees (c) Customer (d) Organization
v) There are five aspects of speech that are essential for clear conversation in the conference call.
(a) Two
(b) Five
(c) Six
(d) Three
Review Question
1. What is Project Identification 2. What are the measures to be taken while answering a clients call? 3. Explain project management tools. 4. Discuss the Teamwork and Relationships among Team Members 5. Explain the need of documenting the requirements. 6. Discuss various requisites of managing the project. 7. Explain various phases of Project Identification process.