UNIT -I 1.

a) Explain various methods employed for speed control of traction motors in ac traction system b) The distance between two stations is 20km in the main line. The average speed of a train is 60km/hr. Determine its maximum speed, if the acceleration is 1.8kmphps, retardation 3kmphps and braking 6kmphs 2. a) Explain the issues of return current in traction system b) What is meant by tractive effort? Derive an expression for the tractive effort under different conditions of traction system 3) What are the advantages of electric drives and state the limitations to use? 4) What are the merits and demerits of DC systems of track electrification? 5) Compare AC and DC systems? 6) What are the factors affecting the schedule speed of a train? 7) With neat diagram explain AC Locomotive? 8) Advantages and disadvantages of 25KV AC system? 9) Write short notes on Composite systems? 10) Write short notes on Series parallel control motor in traction system? UNIT-II 11. a) Define Specific Energy Consumption and discuss the factors which affect specific energy consumption of trains operating at a given scheduled speed b) Determine the average energy output of train motor, which has a schedule speed of 40kmph with 60s stop between stations 4.2 km apart and 120s stop between stations 8 km apart in a travel. The train accelerates at 2.0 kmphs and brakes at 3.2 kmphs. Assume a simplified rectilinear speed time curve with constant speed coasting. The tractive resistance is 4.1 kg/tone and the effect of rotational Inertia 10% 12. a) Explain the method of current collection in high speed trains How tear and wear is minimized in collector gear? b) An electric train weighing 400 tonnes runs on level track with the following data: i) acceleration of 1.5 kmphps for 25 seconds ii) constant speed for 40 seconds iii) coasting for 30 second iv) braking at 3 kmphps to rest. Determine the specific energy consumption if tractive resistance is 50 N/tonne. Rotational inertia: 10%, overall efficiency of the system 80%. If the track is with an up gradient of 1%, what will be the change in the specific energy consumption? 13) a. Explain trapezoidal/Main line service speed time curve? b. Explain quadrilateral/City service speed time curve? 14) Comparison between DC and AC systems of railway Electrification from the point of view of main line and suburban line railway service? 15) Advantages and disadvantages of Steam electric and Diesel Electric systems of Traction? UNIT-III 16. a) Derive an expression for the power requirement of an electrical motor for operating a lift for maximum 8 persons with following data: travel up for 1 minute, loading period at the top 2minutes, travel down 1 minute, loading period at the bottom 3minutes continuously at rated load? b) Discuss the impact of temperature rise on insulation for an electric motor with calculations 17. a) How the fly wheel is used for load equalization? Show the basic calculations b) The heating and cooling time constants of a motor are 1hour and 2hours respectively. The final temperature attained is 100 degree centigrade the motor is run at full load for 12 minutes and then remain idle for 5 minutes and the cycle is repeated indefinitely. Determine the temperature of motor after two cycles? 18) Explain Heating and cooling curve for an intermittently loaded motor? 19) With neat diagram explain Ajax wyatt vertical core furnace? 20) What do you understand by load equalization and how it is affected? UNIT-IV 21) Explain the process of dielectric heating? 22) Dielectric heating is to be employed to heat a slab of insulating material 20mm thick and 1530mm 3 in area. Power required is 200 watts and a frequency of 3 MHz is to be used. The material has a permittivity of 5 and p.f of 0.05. determine the voltage necessary and the current which will flow through the material? 23. a) Write a short note on resistance heating. Deduce an expression for efficiency of resistance heating. Indicate its applications b) A 20kW single phase 220V, resistance oven employs circular nichrome wire. If the wire temperature is not to exceed 11000c and the temperature of the charge is to be 4000C, calculate the size and length of wire required. Assume e=0.9 and radiation efficiency, k=0.6. If the size gets reduced to its half, what is the impact?

19) Explain difference between the A.C Welding & D.C Welding. 24. a) What are the various methods of electric welding? Explain b) A tobacco film 2 cm thick and 1.5 sq.cm in area with a relative permittivity 8 is to be heated. 1000V, 20 MHz supply unit is available. Determine the power and current required for heating this film under dielectric method. If the voltage is to be limited to 400V, determine the frequency? 25) Explain the principle of induction heating & what are the applications of Induction heating. 26) Explain in brief how heating is done in the following cases. (a) Resistance heating. (b) Dielectric heating. 27) What are the advantages of electrical heating? 28) Write a short note on Modes of Traction of Heat? 29) Write briefly about classification of Electrical Heating? 30) Explain Induction heating system with relevant diagram? 31) Comparison between Resistance Welding and Arc welding? 32) Write the Stefans law of heat radiations and label all the constants?

UNIT-V 33. a) Define the following terms with reference to lighting scheme: i) Illumination ii) Lumens iii) Utilization factor iv) Luminous intensity v) SHR b) The lamp fitted with 1200 angled cone reflector illuminates circular area of 200m in diameter. The illumination of the disc increases uniformly from 0.5 meter candle at the edge to 2 metre-candle at the Centre. Determine i) the total light received ii) average illumination of the disc iii) average C.P of the source 34. a) Explain stroboscopic effect? What are its applications? b) A 240 V, 200W lamp takes 1A current when in operation producing 4000 lumens. If the voltage reduces to 120V, what will happen to the MSCP? 35) Define the Laws of illumination .Explain the laws with the help of Suitable Diagrams & Derive an equation of the same. 36) Two Lamps of 500Watts with the efficiency of 25 lumens /watt are mounted on two lamp posts 10 mt apart. The Posts have different heights of 3mt & 5mt respectively. Calculate the Illumination at a point (a) Below lamp L1. (b) Below lamp L2. (c) Midway between lamp posts. 37) With neat diagram explain Fluorescent Lamp? 38) Write a short note on different types of lighting schemes? 39) Write short notes on a) Polar curves b) Rousseaus diagram 40) a drawing hall 30 Mts*15 Mts with ceiling height of 5mts is to be provided with a general illumination of 120 lux. Taking a Cu of 0.5 and DF of 1.4. Determine the number of fluorescent tubes required, their spacing, mounting height and total wattage. Taking luminous efficiency of fluorescents tube as 40 lumens/Watt for 80 Watts tube? Also design a uniform illumination ? 41) Describe in brief the requirements of good lighting? Enumerate the factors may consider while designing an indoor lighting scheme?