VIII.

Drug Study
Classifica tion AntiInfective Mechanism of Action Destroys bacteria by inhibiting bacterial cellwall synthesis during microbial multiplication Dosage, Route Preparation Dosage of client: 1gm IV on call to Operating Room Other preparations: Indications Treatment for infections caused by susceptible strains of H. influenza Contraind ications: Hypersens itivity to penicillin sodium or other betalactamase inhibators Adverse Reactions CNS: seizures, lethargy, anxiety, confusion, dizziness CV: thrombophleb itis Nursing Responsibiliti es Monitor for seizures when giving high doses. Ensure pt. safety Monitor for vein irritation/inflam mation Slow infusion Advise pt to minimize GI upset by eating small, frequent servings of food and drinking plenty of fluids Administer with full stomach Instruct pt. to immediately report s/sx of hypersensitivity reactions

Drug Name Generic name: Ampicillin Sodium Brand name: Unasyn Ampicin

GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,

abdominal pain, gastritis Skin: rash, urticaria, diaphoresis

Drug Name Generic name: Omeprazole Brand name: Losec

Classifica tion Antisecretory drug Proton Pump Inhibitor

Mechanism of Action Gastric acidpump inhibitor: Suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the hydrogenpotassium ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cells; blocks the final step of acid production.

Dosage, Route Preparation Dosage of client: 40gm 1 cap @ 12 midnight Other preparations:

Indications First-line therapy in treatment of heartburn or symptoms of GERD

Contraind ications: Contraindi cated with hypersensi tivity to omeprazol e or its componen ts; Use cautiously with pregnancy , lactation.

Adverse Reactions CNS: Headache, dizziness, asthenia, vertigo, insomnia, apathy, anxiety, paresthesias, Dermatologic: Rash, inflammation, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, dry skin GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation

Nursing Responsibiliti es Ensure pt. safety Advice pt/ significant others to report worsening of headache

Instruct pt. to immediately report s/sx of hypersensitivity reactions

-Take the drug before meal -Advise pt. intake of crackers or ice chips to minimize nausea and vomiting -Administer antacids, if needed.

Drug Name Generic name: Metoclopramid e Brand name: Apo-Metoclop Maxeran Maxolon NuMetoclopramid e Octamide PFS Reglan

Classifica tion

Mechanism of Action

Dosage, Route Preparation Dosage of client: 10 gm IV on call to Operating Room Other preparations:

Indications Prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting when nasogastric suction is undesirable

Contraind ications: Contraindi cated with allergy to metaclopr amide, GI hemorrhag e, mechanica l obstructio n or perforatio n

Adverse Reactions CNS: Extrapyramid al reactions, parkinsonismlike reactions, (akathisia, dystonia, myoclonus, dizziness, anxiety) Drowsiness and dizziness Transient hypertension

Anti-emetic Stimulates motility of upper GI tract without stimulating gastric, biliary, or pancreatic secretions, appears to sensitize tissues to action of acetylcholine

Tablets: 5, 10 mg; Syrup - 5 mg/5 mL; Concentrated solution-10 mg/mL; Injection-5 mg/mL

Nursing Responsibiliti es Monitor extrapyramidal reactions, and report to physician if they occur. Keep diphenhydrami ne injection readily available in case extrapyramidal reactions occur. Advice pt. not to perform tasks that require alertness Monitor blood pressure carefully during IV administration -Advise pt. intake of crackers or ice chips to minimize nausea

GI: Diarrhea, nausea