YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Chemistry Chemistry 516L General Chemistry II Laboratory Problem Set 5 - ANSWERS 2/99

(3E16.28) Indicate whether each solution is acidic, basic, or neutral: a) 2 104 M OH b) 2 106 M H+ c) 6 1010 M OH d) 6 1010 M H+ Ans: a) basic b) acidic c) acidic d) basic (3E16.36) Obtain the pH corresponding to the following H+ concentrations: a) 1.0 104 M b) 3.2 1010 M c) 2.3 105 M d) 2.91 1011 M Ans: a) 4.00 b) 9.49 c) 4.64 d) 10.536 2. 3. (3E16.42) A wine was tested for acidity, and its pH was found to be 3.85 at 25C. What is its [H+]? Ans: 1.4 104 M (3E16.44) Morphine is a narcotic that is used to relieve pain. A solution of morphine has a pH of 9.61 at 25C. What is the [OH]? Ans: 4.1 105 M

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(B16.19) Designate the Bronsted-Lowry acid and the Bronsted-Lowry base on the left side of the following equations, and also designate the conjugate acid and base on the right side. a) NH4+(aq) + CN(aq) HCN(aq) + NH3(aq) Ans: acid base conj. acid conj. base

b) (CH3)3N(aq) + H2O(liq) (CH3)3NH+(aq) + OH(aq) Ans: base acid conj. acid conj. base c) HCHO2(aq) + PO43(aq) CHO2(aq) + HPO42(aq) Ans: acid base conj. base conj. acid (3E16.22) What are [H+] and [OH] in each of the following: a) 1.50 M KOH b) 0.015 M Ba(OH)2 c) 0.015 M HClO4 d) 0.150 M HCl Ans: a) [OH] = 1.50 M; [H+] = 6.67 1015 M b) [OH] = 0.030 M; [H+] = 3.3 1013 M c) [H+] = 0.015 M; [OH] = 6.7 1013 M d) [H+] = 0.150 M; [OH] = 6.67 1014 M 6. 7. (B16.41) The acid dissociation constant for benzoic acid, HC7H5O2, is 6.5 105. Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of H3O+, C7H5O2, HC7H5O2 in the solution if the initial concentration of the acid is 0.050 M. Ans: [H3O+]eq = [C7H5O2]eq = 1.8 103 M; [HC7H5O2] = 0.048 M 8. (3E16.54) Formic acid, HCHO2, is used to make methyl formate (a fumigant for dried fruit) and ethyl formate (an artificial rum flavor). What is the pH of a 0.12 M solution of formic acid? What is the degree of ionization of HCHO2 in this solution? Ka = 1.7 x 104. Ans: pH = 2.35; degree of ionization = 0.038 (3.8%) 9. (3E16.64) Carbonic acid, H2CO3, can be found in a wide variety of body fluids (from dissolved CO2). Its Ka1 = 4.3 x 107 and Ka2 = 4.8 x 1011. a) Calculate the [H+] of a 5.45 104 M H2CO3 solution. Ans: [H+] = 1.5 105 M b) What is the concentration of CO32? Ans: [CO32] = 4.8 1011 M <OVER>

10. (B16.57) Calculate the molar concentration of OH ions in a 0.050 M solution of ethylamine, C2H5NH2, (Kb = 6.4 104). What is the pH of this solution? Ans: pH = 11.73 11. (B16.63) Predict whether aqueous solutions of the following compounds are acidic, basic, or neutral: a) NH4Br b) FeCl3 c) Na2CO3 d) KClO4 e) NaHC2O4 Ans: a) acidic b) acidic c) basic d) neutral e) acidic 12. (B16.61) Calculate [OH] and pH for each of the following solutions: a) 0.10 M NaCN (Ka = 4.9 1010 for HCN) Ans: [OH] = 0.0014 M; pH = 11.15 b) 0.080 M Na2CO3 (Ka = 5.6 1011 for HCO3) Ans: [OH] = 0.0038 M; pH = 11.58 c) a mixture that is 0.10 M in NaNO2 and 0.20 M in Ca(NO2)2. (Ka = 4.5 104 for HNO2) Ans: [OH] = 3.3 106; pH = 8.52 13. (B17.4) Indicate whether the pH increases, decreases, or remains the same upon addition of each of the following: a) Ca(C7H5O2)2 to a solution of HC7H5O2 Ans: increases b) pyridinium nitrate, (C5H5NH)(NO3), to a solution of pyridine, C5H5N Ans: decreases c) ammonia to a solution of hydrochloric acid Ans: increases d) sodium hydrogen carbonate to a solution of carbonic acid Ans: increases e) NaClO4 to a solution of NaOH Ans: no change 14. (B17.18) A buffer solution contains 0.14 mol of propionic acid, HC3H5O2 (Ka = 1.3 105), and 0.12 mol of sodium propionate, NaC3H5O2, in 0.750 L. a) What is the pH of this buffer? Ans: pH = 4.82 b) What is the pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.01 mol of NaOH? c) What is the pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.01 mol of HNO3? Ans: pH = 4.89 Ans: pH = 4.75