LPG Leakage Detector

August 7, 2012 Posted by Rahul Rana under projects, technology No Comments

Electronics project LPG Leakage Detector can be used in homes and many places where we use the LPG cylinders. We can detect the leakage of the gas after detecting the leakage of the gas, buzzer will on that will indicate that there is LPG leakage. By using this device we can reduce the hazard of the LPG gas.in this i have also provided the assembly code, which you can use to burn the micro controller AT89S52 ABSTRACT

Various forms of energy are being utilized in our day to day life. Every work requires energy be it mechanical, electrical or else. As everything which has some advantage comes with a disadvantage. Therefore, energy too has certain limitations associated with its usage. If we dont take notice of those limitations it becomes a complete menace or a source of destruction. Be it a nuclear energy in the bombs or simple forms of energy like LPG in stoves. Precautions are always there. Here our main focus is to make usage of LPG convenient and all the more safer. Sometimes when we light our gas or stove using LPG, we forget to turn off the regulator when the gas or stove is not in use. Thus LPG without igniting will spread in the entire household. As LPG has very low ignition temp. and very high calorific value, it catches fire very easily. This may lead to lots of damage of property and life. The solution to the problem is the LPG gas control device. This not only detects the leakage of the LPG gas but also turns off the regulator through its knob. It also displays the amount of LPG gas leaked on the LCD(liquid crystal display) in ppm (parts per million).

APPLICATION & ADVANTAGE 1. It can be used in the homes, restaurant and many places. 2. It is very safe. You can use it easily. 3. It is not so costly. 4. By using this you can detect the leakage of the lpg gas. COST OF THE COMPONENT
COMPONENT MICROCONTROLLER(89S52) ADC0804 16*2 LCD TRANSFORMER RESISTOR(10K) VARIABLE RESISTOR CAPACITOR(33PF,10?F,2200mF) GAS SENSOR (MQ-5) BUZZER LED DIODE (LN4001) RESET BUTTON PRICE Rs- 60 Rs-120 Rs-150 Rs- 45 Rs- 1/PIECE Rs- 3 Rs- (1,3,7/PIECE) Rs-550 Rs-35 Rs- 1/PIECE Rs- 1/PIECE Rs- 3/PIECE

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Pin Description

Pin No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Function Activates ADC; Active low Input pin; High to low pulse brings the data from internal registers to the output pins after conversion Input pin; Low to high pulse is given to start the conversion Clock Input pin; to give external clock. Output pin; Goes low when conversion is complete Analog non-inverting input Analog inverting Input; normally ground Ground(0V) Input pin; sets the reference voltage for analog input Ground(0V) 8 bit digital output pins

Name Chip select Read Write Clock IN Interrupt Vin(+) Vin(-) Analog Ground Vref/2 Digital Ground D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

Used with Clock IN pin when internal clock source is used Supply voltage; 5V

Clock R

APPLICATION They are used in gas leakage detecting equipments in family and industry, are suitable for detecting of LPG, natural gas , town gas, avoid the noise of alcohol and cooking fumes and cigarette smoke. 2.2.3 SPECIFICATIONS 1. Standard work condition
Symbol Vc VH PL Parameter name Circuit voltage Heating voltage Load resistance Technical 5V0. 1 5V0. 1 20K ? condition Remarks AC OR DC ACOR DC

RH PH

Heater resistance Heating consumption

3110% less than 800mw

Room Tem

1.
Tao Tas RH O2

Environment condition
Parameter name Using Tem Storage Tem Related humidity Oxygen concentration Technical condition -10?-50? -20?-70? less than 95%Rh 21%(standard condition)Oxygen concentration can affect sensitivity minimum value isover 2% Remarks

Symbol

1.
Rs

Sensitivity characteristic
Parameter name Sensing Resistance Technical parameter 10K ? - 60K ? (5000ppm methane ) ?0.6 Vh: 5V0. 1 Remarks Detecting concentration scope?20010000ppmLPG,LNGNatural gas,iso-butane, propane Town gas

Symbol

? (5000ppm/1000 ppm CH4) Standard detecting condition Preheat time

Concentration slope rate

Temp: 20? 2? Vc:5V0. 1Humidity: 65%5%

Over 24 hour

MQ-5 GAS SENSOR

FEATURES * High sensitivity to LPG, natural gas , town gas * Small sensitivity to alcohol, smoke. * Fast response .* Stable and long life* Simple drive circuit

APPLICATION They are used in gas leakage detecting equipments in family and industry, are suitable for detecting of LPG, natural gas , town gas, avoid the noise of alcohol and cooking fumes and cigarette smoke. 2.2.3 SPECIFICATIONS 1. Standard work condition
Symbol Vc VH PL RH PH Parameter name Circuit voltage Heating voltage Load resistance Heater resistance Heating consumption Technical 5V0. 1 5V0. 1 20K ? 3110% less than 800mw Room Tem condition Remarks AC OR DC ACOR DC

1.

Environment condition
Parameter name Technical condition Remarks

Symbol

Tao Tas RH O2

Using Tem Storage Tem Related humidity Oxygen concentration

-10?-50? -20?-70? less than 95%Rh 21%(standard condition)Oxygen concentration can affect sensitivity minimum value isover 2%

1.
Rs

Sensitivity characteristic
Parameter name Sensing Resistance Concentration slope rate Technical parameter 10K ? - 60K ? (5000ppm methane ) ?0.6 Remarks Detecting concentration scope?20010000ppmLPG,LNGNatural gas,iso-butane, propane Town gas

Symbol

? (5000ppm/1000 ppm CH4) Standard detecting condition Preheat time

Temp: 20? 2? Vc:5V0. 1Humidity: 65%5% Vh: 5V0. 1

Over 24 hour

TABLE 2.1 MQ-5 SPECIFICATION

SPECI

Tin Dioxide (SnO2) sensitive layer, measuring electrode and heater are fixed into a crust made by plastic and stainless steel net. The heater provides necessary work conditions for work of sensitive components. The enveloped MQ-5 have 6 pin ,4 of them are used to fetch signals, and other 2 are used for providing heating current.

Fig.2.2 sensitivity characteristics of the MQ-5 is shows the typical sensitivity characteristics of the MQ-5 for several gases. in their: Temp: 20?? Humidity: 65%? O2 concentration 21% RL=20k ? Ro: sensor resistance at 1000ppm of H2 in the clean air. Rs:sensor resistance at various concentrations of gases.

Fig.2.3 is shows the typical dependence of the MQ-5 on temperature and humidity. Ro: sensor resistance at 1000ppm of H2 in air at 33%RH and 20 degree. Rs: sensor resistance at different temperatures and humidity.

SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENT Resistance value of MQ-5 is difference to various kinds and various concentration gases. So, When using this components, sensitivity adjustment is very necessary. we recommend that you calibrate the detector for 1 000ppm H2 or LPG concentration in air and use value of Load resistance ( RL) about 20 K ? (10K ? to 47K ?). When accurately measuring, the proper alarm point for the gas detector should be determined after considering the temperature and humidity influence.

for assembly code click on next page