E History

Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective
eHistory Book Review s
MultiMedia Histories
September Issue: From Karl Marx to Karl Rove: Class Warfare in American Politics
August Review: Motherland in Danger: Soviet Propaganda during World War II
Featured History: World War II Interactive
THESE ARE ARCHIVED PAGES OF THE OLD EHISTORY SITE click here for the NEW eHistory site
These pages are not actively m aintained and m ay have errors in content and functionality
eHistory > World History
Search
Timeline - Ancient History: 12,000 BC to 500 AD

A Mom ent in Tim e Articles Biographies Books Countries Glossary HistoryLists Im ages & Maps Military Personal Histories Tim elines
Other timelines: By Time Period: Ancient Middle Ages 16th Century 17th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century By Topic: Wars of the Roses Hundred Years War American Civ il War World War II Middle East
Search timelines:
Search
Enter word or phrase to search for. Example: Truman or Galileo
Ancient History: 12,000 BC to 500 AD Timeline

Year Government, Politics, & War Art & Culture Science & Technology Religion & Philosophy Daily Life & Health Year
c. 10000 BC
(1) Dog first domesticated (Middle East) (2) Development of intensive flock c. 10000 BC management in Zagros Mountains Earliest know n w alled city at Jericho (1) Potatoes and beans first cultivated in South America (2) Earliest permanent farming villages in Fertile Crescent First manufacture of textiles in the Middle East using flax Goats, sheep, and pigs domesticated (Middle East) Copper smelting in Asia Minor Irrigation in Zagros Mountains (1) Cat domesticated (Northeast Africa) (2) Cattle domesticated (Turkey)
c. 8350 BC
c. 8350 BC
c. 8000 BC
c. 8000 BC
c. 7500 BC
c. 7500 BC
c. 7000 BC
c. 7000 BC
c. 6200 BC
c. 6200 BC
c. 6000 BC
c. 6000 BC
c. 5500 BC
Cotton cultivated in India Chickens domesticated (China) Irrigation spreads to Mesopotamia Sail, plow , and potter's w heel invented in Mesopotamia Megalithic tombs in Western Europe c. 4300-3100; Spread of cities in Mesopotamia Horse domesticated (Eurasian steppe) Bronze in Mesopotamia Wheeled vehicles in Mesopotamia Pottery in South America
c. 5500 BC
c. 5200 BC
c. 5200 BC
c. 5000 BC
c. 5000 BC
c. 4500 BC
c. 4500 BC
c. 4300 BC
c. 4300 BC
c. 4000 BC
c. 4000 BC
c. 3800 BC
c. 3800 BC
c. 3650 BC
c. 3650 BC Permanent fishing villages in South America c. 3500 BC
c. 3500 BC Earliest hieroglyphics in Egypt Unification of Egypt under King Menes
c. 3400 BC
c. 3400 BC
ehistory.osu.edu/world/TimeLineDisplay.cfm?Era_id=4
c. 3150 BC
c. 3150 BC
1/17
c. 3150 BC
King Menes Sumerians develop Cuneiform w riting Potatoes, alpacas, and llamas domesticated (Andes Mountains)
c. 3150 BC
3000 BC
3000 BC
2900 BC
Defensive w alls around cities become more prevalent Yin and Yang theory developed in China c. 2630; First pyramid constructed in Egypt; Imhotep is first know n architect (1) Urbanization in Indus River Valley (2) Preservation of fish and poultry (Egypt) c. 2575-2134; Old Kingdom of Egypt c. 2528; Cheops buried in First Great Pyramid at Giza First w heeled w ar w agons in Mesopotamia Earliest know n law code Olive trees cultivated (Crete)
2900 BC
2700 BC
2700 BC
2630 BC
2630 BC
2600 BC
2600 BC
2575 BC
2575 BC
2528 BC
2528 BC
2400 BC
2400 BC
2350 BC
in Sumer c. 2334-2193; Sargon unifies Sumer and Akkad, creating Akkadian Empire c. 2334-2193; First deification of kings in Sumer Earliest permanent farming villages in Mesoamerica Chinese record a comet Legendary Xia Dynasty in China Dogs, goats, pigs, oxen, and sheep domesticated in China
2350 BC
2334 BC
2334 BC
2300 BC
2300 BC
2296 BC
2296 BC
2200 BC
2200 BC
2134 BC
Collapse of central authority in Egypt; End of Old Kingdom First Ziggurats in Sumer c. 2040-1650; Mentuhotep restores centralized government in Egypt marking the beginning of the Middle Kingdom Hittites establish empire in c. 2000 - 1450; Minoan Anatolia (modern Turkey) palace civilization on Crete Decimal notation in Babylon (1) Stonehenge in Southern England (2) Epic of Gilgamesh is first w ritten myth Tea and bananas cultivated (India)
2134 BC
2100 BC
2100 BC
2040 BC
2040 BC
2000 BC
2000 BC
1813 BC
Emergence of Assyrian pow er under ShamshiAdad I c. 1800-1750; Hammurabi c. 1800-1750; Irrigation in South America Earliest prohibitions establishes Babylonian Hammurabi's Code is first against pork among Empire w ritten legal code shepherd tribes in Middle East Collapse of Indus River Valley civilization at Mohenjo-daro and Harappa c. 1700-1650; Chariotequipped Hyksos begin invasions and conquer Middle Kingdom Egypt (1) Rise of Mycenaean Civilization in mainland Greece (2) c. 1600; First historical dynasty in China (The Shang) Spread of tw o-w heeled w ar chariot in Middle East First evidence of leavened bread (Egypt)
1813 BC
1800 BC
1800 BC
1750 BC
1750 BC
1700 BC
1700 BC
1600 BC
(1) Canaanites invent first alphabet (2) Pictographic w riting in China
1600 BC
2/17
1550 BC
Ahmose reunites Egypt; c. 1550-1070; New Kingdom in Egypt
1550 BC
1500 BC
c. 1504-1492; Thutmose I expands Egypt into Palestine, Syria, and Nubia Thutmose III ascends to Egyptian throne; First usage of the term Pharaoh Mycenaean Greeks conquer Minoan Civilization on Crete
Geometry developed in Egypt
(1) Silkw orm domesticated (China) (2) c. 1500 Rabbit domesticated (Europe)
1500 BC
1458 BC
1458 BC
Brahma w orship in India 1450 BC
1450 BC
1440 BC
First metalw orking in South America Iron Age begins in Asia Minor Amenhotep IV introduces monotheism to Egypt War chariot introduced to China Tutankhaman (King Tut) reestablishes polytheism as official religion in Egypt (1) c. 1200-400; Olmec Civilization in Mesoamerica (2) c. 1200-1100; Bronze Age palaces destroyed throughout Mediterranean w orld c. 1200-1100; Judaism established in Palestine c. 1200-800; Rise of Phoenician maritime dominance in the Mediterranean Maize cultivation in Mesoamerica
1440 BC
1400 BC
1400 BC
1353 BC
1353 BC
1350 BC
1350 BC
1333 BC
1333 BC
1200 BC
1200 BC
1150 BC c. 1122-256; Zhou Dynasty in China Phoenician traders begin spreading alphabet throughout Mediterranean End of New Kingdom in Egypt c. 1047-1007 BCE; Saul reigns as first Hebrew king in Judaea c. 1006-965; David becomes king of Israel and conquers Jerusalem Solomon builds first Jew ish temple in Jerusalem Etruscans establish cities in Tuscany
Aristocrats in Egypt use chairs
1150 BC
1122 BC
1122 BC
1100 BC
1100 BC
1070 BC
1070 BC
1047 BC
1047 BC
1006 BC
1006 BC
957 BC
957 BC
900 BC
900 BC
883 BC
Revival of Assyrian pow er under Ashurnasirpal II c. 850-750; Approximate date of w ritten transcriptions of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey from existing oral tradition Traditional date for the founding of Carthage (1) Hieroglyphic script in Mesoamerica (2) c. 800-750; Development of Greek alphabet c. 780-755; Alara establishes Napata Olmecs build pyramids in Central America (modern Mexico)
883 BC
850 BC
850 BC
814 BC
814 BC
800 BC
800 BC
3/17
780 BC
establishes Napata Kingdom of Kush First Olympic Games held in Greece Construction begins on Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, one of Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Destruction of the Zhou capital at Ho marks end of Western Zhou Dynasty in China; Beginning of Eastern Zhou Dynasty Traditional date of the founding of Rome Tiglath-Pileser III succeeds in Assyria; Conquers Syria, Palestine, Israel, and Babylon Sargon II seizes pow er in c. 722-481; Spring and Assyria; destroys the Autumn Period in China; Kingdom of Israel Decentralization and rise of pow erful nobles Chinese record solar eclipse Aqueducts in the Middle East Assyrians conquer Egypt Legendary date for foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu; Celebrated in Japan as National Foundation Day
780 BC
776 BC
776 BC
772 BC
772 BC
771 BC
771 BC
753 BC
753 BC
744 BC
744 BC
722 BC
722 BC
720 BC
720 BC
700 BC
700 BC
671 BC
671 BC
660 BC
660 BC
657 BC
Cypselus becomes first tyrant in Corinth First coins used by Lydians First w ritten legal code in Athens attributed to Draco Babylonians sack Nineveh; Assyrian pow er collapses Nekan of Egypt launches first know n circumnavigation of Africa Babylonians defeat last Assyrian army at Megiddo; End of Assyria as an independent kingdom c. 600; Greeks colonize southern France c. 600; Sappho is priestess of love cult on Lesbos Solon's reforms in Athens Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon destroys Jerusalem; Babylonian Captivity of the Jew s begins Greek astronomer Thales predicts an eclipse Spread of Taoism in China c. 553; Death of Zoroaster; Teachings emphasizing monotheism and eschatology become official religion of Persian Empire
657 BC
650 BC
650 BC
621 BC
621 BC
612 BC
612 BC
609 BC
609 BC
605 BC
605 BC
600 BC
600 BC
594 BC
594 BC
587 BC
587 BC
585 BC
585 BC
565 BC
565 BC
553 BC
553 BC
4/17
550 BC
Persian Empire unified by Cyrus II; Beginning of Achaemenid Dynasty Babylonian empire conquered by Cyrus the Great of Persia
Earliest use of cast iron in China
550 BC
539 BC
539 BC
Greek mathematician 530 BC Pythagoras 530 BC
522 BC
Darius I rises to pow er in Persia; Expands Persian Empire to its maximum extent
522 BC
520 BC
Canal completed betw een the Nile River and Red Sea Hsiao Yen (Wu Ti) backs Buddhist missionary efforts in central China c. 515; Birth of Parmenides, w ho becomes founder of metaphysics Rome becomes a republic Cleisthenes' democratic reforms in Athens (1) c. 500; Polynesian culture develops in Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga (2) Earliest versions of Sun Tzu's The Art of War (3) Heraclitus becomes one of the earliest dialectical philosophers Ionian Revolt marks beginning of PersianGreek Wars Pindar begins composing his Odes c. 495-483; Confucius teaches throughout China Athenians defeat Persians at Battle of Marathon (1) Spartan army under King Leonidas defeated by Persians at Battle of Thermopylae (2) Greek fleet defeats Persian fleet at Battle of Salamis Battles of Plataea and Mycale mark the end of Spartan leadership of the Greek coalition against Persia c. 480-221; Warring States Period in China; Seven regional w arlords fight for dominance in China c. 500 Honeybee domesticated (Europe)
520 BC
517 BC
517 BC
515 BC
515 BC
509 BC
509 BC
508 BC
508 BC
500 BC
500 BC
499 BC
499 BC
498 BC
498 BC
495 BC
495 BC
490 BC
490 BC
480 BC
480 BC
479 BC
479 BC
478 BC
Athens founds Delian League to lead the Greek w ar against Persia
478 BC
472 BC Delian League decisively defeats Persian fleet at Battle of Eurymedon River Golden Age of Athens begins; Pericles funds massive public w orks in city
Aeschylus's tragedy Persae performed
472 BC
466 BC
466 BC
461 BC
461 BC
5/17
458 BC
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus becomes dictator of Rome then retires; One of the founding myths of Roman Virtue First Peloponnesian War; Sparta dominant in Peloponnesian Peninsula Anaxagoras teaches atomistic theory of the natural w orld Reindeer domesticated (Central Asia) First stage success of Euripides in Athens Sophocles' tragedy Antigone Phidias completes Parthenon Second Peloponnesian War betw een Athens and Sparta begins Euripides' Medea
458 BC
457 BC
457 BC
455 BC
455 BC
450 BC
450 BC
441 BC
441 BC
440 BC
440 BC
438 BC
438 BC
431 BC
431 BC
430 BC
(1) Death of Empedocles, w ho developed Four Elements theory of the natural w orld (2) c. 430; Herodotus w rites his History c. 429, Sophocles' Oedipus Rex Euripides' Hippolytus; portrays struggle betw een sexual desire and asceticism Euripides' Andromache Aristophanes' comedy The Clouds Aristophanes' comedy The Peace
Hippocrates teaches in Athens 430 BC
429 BC
429 BC
428 BC
428 BC
426 BC
426 BC
423 BC
423 BC
421 BC
421 BC
420 BC Athens sends large expeditionary force to Sicily; Athenians are decisively defeated Outnumbered Athenian fleet defeats Spartans at Battle of Cynossema With Persian aid, Spartan fleet decisively defeats Athenians at the battle of Aegospotami Athens surrenders, marking end of Peloponnesian War Sparta establishes government of the "Thirty Tyrants" and suspends democracy in Athens Thrasybulus overthrow s "Thirty Tyrants" and reestablishes democracy in Athens Battle of Cunaxa; Xenophon and 10,000 Greek mercenaries retreat through Persian Empire
c. 420-413; Sophocles' Electra Euripides' The Trojan Women
420 BC
415 BC
415 BC
411 BC
Aristophanes' anti-w ar satire Lysistrata
411 BC
405 BC
405 BC
404 BC
404 BC
403 BC
403 BC
401 BC
(1) Posthumous production of Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus (2) Death of Thucydides, w ho leaves behind The History of the Peloponnesian War Trial and death of Socrates
401 BC
399 BC
399 BC
6/17
385 BC Thebes defeats Sparta at Battle of Leuctra; Spartan helots freed
Plato establishes his Academy
385 BC
371 BC
371 BC
367 BC Philip II becomes king in Macedon
Aristotle begins study at Plato's Academy
367 BC
359 BC
359 BC c. 350; Earliest Mayan
350 BC Rome subdues Campania in First Samnite War Athens forms Hellenic League to resist Philip II of Macedon Philip II of Macedon defeats Greek army at Battle of Chaeronea; End of independent Greek city-states Philip II of Macedon assassinated; Alexander rises to pow er in Macedon Alexander destroys the rebellious city of Thebes and enslaves its population Alexander the Great Invades Asia Minor and defeats Persians at Granicus River Alexander conquers Palestine and Egypt Alexander the Great founds Alexandria in Egypt Aristotle opens the Lyceum
city-states
350 BC
343 BC
343 BC
340 BC
340 BC
338 BC
338 BC
336 BC
336 BC
335 BC
335 BC
334 BC
334 BC
332 BC
332 BC
331 BC
Alexander defeats Persians at Gaugamela; Effectively destroys Persian army (1) Alexander the Great enters Babylon; Conquers Persian Empire (2) Darius III assassinated by Persian satrap Bessus Alexander the Great reaches India Macedonian army defeats King Porus at the battle of The Hydaspes River; Alexander the Great's army mutinies and refuses to march farther into India First historical reference to sugar cane by Nearchus Menander introduces 'New Comedy' to Greece
331 BC
330 BC
330 BC
329 BC
329 BC
326 BC
326 BC
325 BC
325 BC
324 BC
324 BC
323 BC
(1) Alexander's general Ptolemy establishes control of Egypt (2) Alexander the Great dies; Wars of the Diadochoi (Successors) begin
323 BC
322 BC
Chandragupta Maurya establishes the Mauryan Empire in northern India
322 BC
7/17
312 BC
Seleucus establishes Seleucid Empire in Mesopotamia Antigonus dies at battle of Ipsus; Dissolution of Alexander's empire is confirmed
Appius Claudius Caecus begins construction of the Appian Way in Rome Zeno introduces Stoic philosophy in Athens
312 BC
301 BC
301 BC
300 BC
(1) c. 300; Coal technology in Greece (2) Euclid's Elements
c. 300 BCE; Epicurus founds school of philosophy in Athens
c. 300; Rise of horsenomadism among TurkoMongol tribes of Central Asia
300 BC
290 BC
Rome completes conquest of Samnites; Effectively controls Italy
Approximate date for the construction of the Library of Alexandria Chinese ruler/philosopher Mencius dies; Responsible for refining Confucianism Pharos lighthouse in Alexandria Completion of the Colossus of Rhodes, one of Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
290 BC
289 BC
289 BC
283 BC
283 BC
281 BC
281 BC
272 BC
Rome conquers Tarentum and unifies Italian Peninsula c. 270; Aristarchos of Samos proposes heliocentric universe First Punic War begins betw een Rome and Carthage (1) c. 260; Mauryan king Ashoka converts to Buddhism (2) c. 260; First gladiatorial games in Rome End of Eastern Zhou Dynasty in China First Punic War ends after Carthaginian defeat at the battle of the Aegates Islands; Rome conquers Sicily and makes it the first Roman province Arsaces establishes independent kingdom of Parthia China united by the first emperor Shih Huang-ti; Beginning of Qin Dynasty and Imperial China Second Punic War betw een Rome and Carthage begins Roman army ambushed and destroyed at Battle of Lake Trasimene Hannibal's Carthaginian army destroys 16 Roman legions at Battle of Cannae Archimedes dies during siege of Syracuse; Regarded as one of the greatest ancient scientists Chinese Emperor Shih Huang-ti dies; Buried in massive mausoleum w ith the Terracotta Army Roman army under Scipio Han Dynasty established Africanus defeats in China Carthaginians at battle of Chinese Emperor Shih Huang-ti outlaw s and persecutes Confucianism
272 BC
270 BC
270 BC
264 BC
264 BC
260 BC
260 BC
256 BC
256 BC
241 BC
241 BC
238 BC
238 BC
221 BC
221 BC
219 BC
219 BC
217 BC
217 BC
216 BC
216 BC
212 BC
212 BC
210 BC
210 BC
8/17
206 BC
Carthaginians at battle of Ilipa; Rome conquers Hispania Roman army under Scipio Africanus defeats Hannibal at Zama; Second Punic War ends w ith Rome dominant in the Mediterranean
206 BC
202 BC
202 BC
200 BC Rome defeats Seleucid king Antiochus III at battle of Magnesia; Rome secures control of Greece and gains territory in Asia Minor Earliest dated stone arched bridge constructed over the Tiber River Third Macedonian War betw een Rome and Macedon Paved streets in Rome Rome defeats Philip V of Macedon at battle of Pydna; Rome assures dominance in Greece
c. 200, Polynesians settle Tahiti 200 BC
190 BC
190 BC
179 BC
179 BC
171 BC
171 BC
170 BC
170 BC
168 BC
168 BC
167 BC
Mattahias the Hasmonian begins Maccabean Revolt against Seleucid rule in Judea (1) c. 150; El Mirador (Guatemala) has become largest center of Mayan civilization (2) c. 150; Polybius publishes first part of The Histories Third Punic War betw een Rome and Carthage begins; Roman army besieges Carthage (1) Romans capture Carthage; Carthaginian territory incorporated into Roman province of Africa (2) Rome eliminates democracies in Greece Mithridates I of Parthia conquers Babylonia, Media, and Persia Simon Maccabeus creates Hasmonean Dynasty in Judea; Independent Jew ish state until 63 BCE c. 135-132; First Slave Revolt in Sicily Tiberius Gracchus elected tribune in Rome and proposes land reform; Murdered by aristocratic opponents Silk Road expands after Chinese emperor Wu Di sends emissaries into Central Asia Gaius Gracchus proposes price controls in Rome, sparking aristocratic opposition Gaius Gracchus killed during insurrection
167 BC
150 BC
150 BC
149 BC
149 BC
146 BC
146 BC
144 BC
144 BC
142 BC
142 BC
135 BC
135 BC
133 BC
133 BC
130 BC
130 BC
123 BC
123 BC
121 BC
121 BC
9/17
110 BC Gaius Marius abolishes land qualifications for military service in Rome Proto-Germanic Cimbri and Teutones destroy a Roman army at battle of Arausio Second Slave Revolt in Sicily Roman army under Gaius Marius defeats Teutones at battle of Aquae Sextiae Saturnus and Glauca propose price controls in Rome; Both are mudered w ith support of Gaius Marius Social War begins in Italy; Roman allies rebel (1) Social War ends; Italian allies gain Roman citizenship (2) Sulla marches on Rome; First Civil War in Rome Gaius Marius dies suddenly, ending First Civil War in Rome Greek physician Asclepiades makes distinction betw een chronic and acute disease; Develops theories of diet and exercise Spartacus leads slave revolt against Rome Slave Revolt under Spartacus defeated by Crassus and Pompey Pompey and Crassus restore the pow ers of the Tribunate and resume grain distribution in Rome
Cultured oyster beds in Southern Italy
110 BC
107 BC
107 BC
105 BC
105 BC
104 BC
104 BC
102 BC
102 BC
100 BC
100 BC
91 BC
91 BC
88 BC
88 BC
86 BC
86 BC
75 BC
75 BC
73 BC
73 BC
71 BC
71 BC
70 BC
70 BC
63 BC
Judea becomes clientkingdom of Rome 1st Triumvirate of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus Julius Caesar invades Gaul; Gallic Wars begin Parthians crush Roman War of the First army at battle of Carrhae; Triumvirate begins Crassus killed afterw ard Cleopatra assumes Egyptian throne Caesar crosses Rubicon w ith his army Caesar defeats Senetorial army under Crassus at Pharsalus Pompey assassinated Julius Caesar defeats conservative republican army at the Battle of Munda; Caesar returns to Rome to rule as dictator Julius Caesar enforces the Julian Calendar developed by Sosigenes of Alexandria Cicero's De Republica
63 BC
60 BC
60 BC
58 BC
58 BC
53 BC
53 BC
51 BC
51 BC
49 BC
49 BC
48 BC
48 BC
47 BC
47 BC
45 BC
45 BC
10/17
44 BC
Julius Caesar named dictator for life; Assassinated by Senatorial opponents 2nd Triumvirate of Octavian, Marcus Aemilius, and Mark Antony Marcus Junius Brutus defeated at the Second Battle of Philippi; Commits suicide soon after (1) Virgil begins his Eclogues (2) Second Triumvirate deifies Julius Caesar; Origin of Caesar w orship Herod the Great confirmed as King of Judaea First volume of Horace's Satires Mark Antony divorces Octavian's sister; Civil w ar resumes
44 BC
43 BC
43 BC
42 BC
42 BC
37 BC
37 BC
35 BC
35 BC
32 BC
32 BC
31 BC
Octavian defeats Mark Antony at Battle of Actium; War of Second Triumvirate ends (1) Antony and Cleopatra Sundial in China commit suicide (2) Egypt becomes personal property of Octavian; Serves as financial pow er base for he and successive emperors Octavian gains title Caesar Augustus; Rules Rome informally as first emperor
31 BC
30 BC
30 BC
27 BC
27 BC
19 BC
Pont du Gard aqueduct completed in Nmes, France
Virgil dies; Augustus immediately publishes the Aeneid Ovid's Amores
19 BC
18 BC Augustus expands Rome's frontier to the Danube River
18 BC
15 BC
15 BC
c. 4; Approximate date of the birth of Jesus
6 AD
Rome incorporates clientkingdom of Judea into new province of Iudaea Ovid's Metamorphoses Germanic revolt against Rome under Arminius; Destroys Varus and three legions at battle of Teutoburg Forest Roman Emperor Augustus dies; Tiberius succeeds Romans defeat Arminius but German tribes remain independent Livy, Roman historian, dies leaving behind his 142-volume history of Rome, Ab Urbe Condita c. 25-220; Eastern Han dynasty established by Guang Wudi
6 AD
14
14
16
16
17
17
25
25
27
c. 27; Jesus is baptized and begins ministry
27
11/17
30 Roman Emperor Tiberius dies; Caligula succeeds Roman emperor Caligula murdered; Claudius succeeds
Water-pow ered bellow s and iron furnace in China
c. 30; Crucifixion and death of Jesus
30
37
37
41
41
46
Paul of Tarsus begins missionary w ork in Asia Minor
46
49 50 c. 50; Londinium (London) founded Roman Emperor Claudius poisoned; Nero succeeds Seneca's w ork of stoic philosophy, Epistolae Morales Fires destroy half of Rome; Nero blames Christians and begins persecutions First Jew ish Revolt against Roman rule in Judaea Petronius' Satyricon
49 50
54
54
63
63
64
64
66
66
67 Roman emperor Nero commits suicide; End of Julio-Claudian Dynasty Year of the Four Emperors in Rome; Vespasian founds Flavian Dynasty Roman army under Titus captures Jerusalem and destroys Jew ish Temple
Official introduction of Buddhism into China
67
68
68
69
69
70
70
73 Chinese army defeats Xiongnu nomads (Probably the early Huns) Roman emperor 79 Vespasian dies; Titus succeeds
Jew ish Zealots commit mass suicide at Masada
73
76
76
Pliny the Elder killed in Pompeii during eruption of Vesuvius Colosseum opens in Rome 79
80 Roman emperor Titus dies; Domitian succeeds Roman emperor Domitian assassinated; Nerva succeeds Roman emperor Nerva dies; Trajan succeeds
80
81
81
96
96
98
98 c. 100 Turkey domesticated (Mexico) Zailun invents new paper Tacitus' Historiae production technique in China
100
100
105
105
106
Dacia (Romania) becomes Roman province Trajan's Column erected in new ly rebuilt Roman Forum Rome annexes Armenia Emperor Trajan expands
106
113
113
114
114
12/17
115
Emperor Trajan expands the Roman frontier to the Tigris River Roman emperor Trajan dies; After series of revolts, Hadrian succeeds Tacitus' Annales
115
117
117
120
c. 120; Plutarch's Parallel Lives Seutonius' Lives of the Caesars Hadrian's Wall built in Britain Approximate date of completion of the Pantheon in Rome c. 132-135; Jew ish Rebellion in Jerusalem Hadrian orders destruction of Jerusalem and enforces a diaspora of the Jew s Roman emperor Hadrian
120
121
121
122
122
125
125
132
132
135
135
138
dies; Antoninus Pius succeeds Martyrdom of Polycarp, an early Christian bishop in Smyrna; His Letter to the Philippians among earliest Christian w ritings to survive Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies; Marcus Aurelius succeeds c. 164-180; Plague (probably smallpox) hits Rome Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius leads series of successful campaigns against Germanic tribes
138
155
155
161
161
164
164
167
167
180
Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius dies; Commodus succeeds
Galen's Methodus Medendo; Becomes ultimate medical authority for centuries
Marcus Aurelius' Meditations; Stoic philosophy
180
184
(1) Diocletian becomes Roman emperor; Begins administrative division of Eastern and Western Roman Empire (2) Revolt of the Yellow Turbans in China Roman Emperor Commodus murdered After series of murders, Septimus Severus uses army to become Roman emperor Approximate date of Tertullian's conversion to Christianity; Introduced the term Trinity into Christian theology Judah haNasi compiles Mishnah, the foundation of Talmudic Law Roman emperor Septimus Severus dies; Caracalla succeeds Caracalla extends Roman citizenship to all free males in the Empire
184
192
192
193
193
197
197
200
200
211
211
212
212
13/17
217
Roman emperor Caracalla murdered by army officers; Macrinus succeeds
217
218
Roman emperor Macrinus killed in battle; Heliogabalus succeeds c. 220-280; Han Dynasty falls in China; Replaced by Period of the Three Kingdoms Roman emperor Heliogabulus murdered; Severus Alexander succeeds Parthian Arsacid Dynasty overthrow n; Beginning of Sassanian Dynasty in Persia
218
220
220
222
222
224
224
225
c. 225; Early form of gunpow der developed in China Roman Emperor Severus Alexander buys peace from Alemanni in Gaul; Murdered by his troops; Maximinus succeeds Roman emperor Maximinus murdered by Praetorian Guard; Gordianus III succeeds Shapur I expands the Sassanid Empire at the expense of Roman territory Roman emperor Gordianus III killed by Praetorian Guard; Philippus succeeds Philippus holds games to celebrate millennial anniversary of the founding of Rome Decius proclaimed Roman emperor by troops; Philippus assassinated Roman emperor Decius begins systematic persecution of Christians to ensure dominance of paganism
c. 225; Tea drinking becomes common in China
225
235
235
238
238
241
241
244
244
247
247
249
249
250
250
251
Roman emperor Decius killed fighting Goths; Gallus succeeds Roman emperor Gallus overthrow n; After brief civil w ar Valerian succeeds Persian King Shapur I Gallienus becomes Roman Great Wall of China begun defeats Roman army and emperor seizes emperor Valerian Roman emperor Claudius II repels invasion of Goths; Gains title Gothicus Roman emperor Gallienus murdered by troops; Claudius II succeeds
251
253
253
260
260
268
268
270
Roman emperor Claudius II dies of the plague; Aurelian succeeds Magnetic Compass used in China
270
271
271
14/17
272 Aurelian defeats rebels at Chlons to restore Roman authority in Gaul Roman emperor Aurelian murdered; Tacitus succeeds c. 275; Anthony begins hermetic life of study; Beginning of Christian Monasticism Mani executed; Teachings w ill become Manichaeism, w hich combines Christian salvation and Zoroastrian dualism
272
274
274
275
275
276
Roman emperor Tacitus murdered by troops; Period of civil w ar and instability in Rome
276
280
Western Jin emperor reunites China; Beginning of Jin Dynasty Rebellion of the Eight Princes in China Armenia becomes first state to officially adopt Christianity Roman emperor Diocletian begins the Great Persecution of Christians and Manicheans in the empire Diocletian and Maximian
280
291
291
301
301
303
303
305
abdicate as co-emperors; Civil w ar erupts Baths of Diocletian open in Rome, the most lavish public bath in Rome Nomadic invasions divide China; Sixteen Kingdoms in North China and Jin Capital at Nanjing Constantine defeats Maxentius at battle of Milvian Bridge; Becomes sole emperor in the Western Roman Empire Constantine issues the Edict of Milan granting official toleration to Christianity in the Roman Empire Chandragupta I founds Gupta Dynasty in India
305
306
306
311
311
312
312
313
313
320
320
321 Constantine defeats Licinius to become sole emperor of Rome
Sunday becomes the Sabbath in Roman Empire
321
324
324
325 Constantinople made capital of Roman Empire
Council of Nicaea; Arian Christianity condemned Construction begins on St. Peter's Basilica in Rome The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is consecrated in Jerusalem Roman emperor Constantine dies; Three sons succeed Coptic Christianity introduced to Ethiopia Huns invade Persia (1) Huns invade Europe (2) Picts invade Roman Britain
325
330
330
335
335
337
337
341
341
350
350
360
360
15/17
361
Julian becomes Roman emperor Roman emperor Julian decrees religious toleration in the empire and attempts to reestablish paganism Roman Empire redivided into Eastern and Western halves Spread of Buddhism in China and Korea Visigoths permitted to settle in Balkans by Rome Visigoth cavalry destroys Roman army and kills emperor Valens at battle of Adrianople Roman emperor Theodosius makes treaty w ith Visigoths as military allies of Rome Theodosius I establishes Catholic Christianity as the official state religion of the Roman Empire
361
362
362
363
363
372
372
376
376
378
378
379
379
380
380
390
Bishop Ambrose of Milan forces emperor Theodosius to do public penance for a massacre of 7,000 in Thessalonica Roman emperor Theodosius orders all non-Christian books burned Olympic games forbidden by Emperor Theodosius (1) Emperor Theodosius dies (2) Roman Empire permanently divided Visigoths under Alaric invade Greece Augustine's Confessions Visigoths under Alaric invade Italy Western Roman capital moved to Ravenna Vandals invade Gaul, sacking numerous Roman cities
390
391
391
393
393
395
395
396
396
397
397
401
401
403
403
406
406
409
(1) Vandals invade Iberian Peninsula (2) Revolt in Britain marks the end of Roman rule Visigoths under King Alaric sack Rome Augustine's The City of God Nanking capital of China Korean capital established at Pyongyang Council of Ephesus exiles Nestorius; Emergence of cult of the Virgin Mary Attila becomes leader of the Huns
409
410
410
411
411
420
420
427
427
431
431
433
433
16/17
433
the Huns Roman law since 312 published in Codex Theodosianus Vandals establish capital at Carthage Saxons and Angles invade Britain Attila and Huns defeated in Gaul at battle of Chalons; Last great military campaign by Western Roman Empire Venice founded Attila dies; Huns expelled from Italy c. 455; Mayan city of Cichen Itza founded in Yucatan Peninsula King Euric of the Visigoths declares Gaul independent of Roman rule (1) Odoacer deposes emperor Romulus Augustus and becomes King of Italy; Formal end of the Western Roman Empire (2) Traditional date for the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe c. 451; Spread of stirrups and metal horseshoes throughout Europe by the Huns
433
438
438
439
439
449
449
451
451
452
452
453
453
455
455
473
473
476
476
Year
Government, Politics, & War
Art & Culture
Science & Technology
Religion & Philosophy
Daily Life & Health
Year
Go here for timeline sources.
About
| C ontact
All images and content are the property of eHistory at The Ohio State University unless otherwise stated. Copyright 2012 OSU Department of History. All rights reserved.
17/17

E History

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

E History

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective

eHistory Book Review s

August Review: Motherland in Danger: Soviet Propaganda during World War II

Featured History: World War II Interactive

eHistory > World History

Timeline - Ancient History: 12,000 BC to 500 AD

Ancient History: 12,000 BC to 500 AD Timeline

c. 3650 BC Permanent fishing villages in South America c. 3500 BC

c. 3500 BC Earliest hieroglyphics in Egypt Unification of Egypt under King Menes

(1) Canaanites invent first alphabet (2) Pictographic w riting in China

Ahmose reunites Egypt; c. 1550-1070; New Kingdom in Egypt

Geometry developed in Egypt

Brahma w orship in India 1450 BC

Aristocrats in Egypt use chairs

Earliest use of cast iron in China

Greek mathematician 530 BC Pythagoras 530 BC

Athens founds Delian League to lead the Greek w ar against Persia

Aeschylus's tragedy Persae performed

Hippocrates teaches in Athens 430 BC

c. 420-413; Sophocles' Electra Euripides' The Trojan Women

Aristophanes' anti-w ar satire Lysistrata

385 BC Thebes defeats Sparta at Battle of Leuctra; Spartan helots freed

Plato establishes his Academy

367 BC Philip II becomes king in Macedon

Aristotle begins study at Plato's Academy

359 BC c. 350; Earliest Mayan

Chandragupta Maurya establishes the Mauryan Empire in northern India

(1) c. 300; Coal technology in Greece (2) Euclid's Elements

c. 300 BCE; Epicurus founds school of philosophy in Athens

c. 300; Rise of horsenomadism among TurkoMongol tribes of Central Asia

Rome completes conquest of Samnites; Effectively controls Italy

c. 200, Polynesians settle Tahiti 200 BC

Cultured oyster beds in Southern Italy

Pont du Gard aqueduct completed in Nmes, France

Virgil dies; Augustus immediately publishes the Aeneid Ovid's Amores

18 BC Augustus expands Rome's frontier to the Danube River

c. 4; Approximate date of the birth of Jesus

c. 27; Jesus is baptized and begins ministry

Water-pow ered bellow s and iron furnace in China

c. 30; Crucifixion and death of Jesus

Paul of Tarsus begins missionary w ork in Asia Minor

Official introduction of Buddhism into China

Jew ish Zealots commit mass suicide at Masada

Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius dies; Commodus succeeds

Galen's Methodus Medendo; Becomes ultimate medical authority for centuries

Marcus Aurelius' Meditations; Stoic philosophy

Roman emperor Caracalla murdered by army officers; Macrinus succeeds

c. 225; Tea drinking becomes common in China

321 Constantine defeats Licinius to become sole emperor of Rome

Sunday becomes the Sabbath in Roman Empire

325 Constantinople made capital of Roman Empire

Government, Politics, & War

Art & Culture

Science & Technology

Religion & Philosophy

Daily Life & Health

Go here for timeline sources.

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen