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ASU Urban Remote Sensing Project

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

Urban Remote Sensing Presentation Overview

Current Earth Orbiting Systems Evolution of TIR Remote Sensing at ASU Urban Systems - An Unmet Need Mission Concept

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

Evolution of TIR & Remote Sensing at ASU

TES Scottsdale ASTER THEMIS Mini TES NSF LTER - Urban Geol. Remote Sensing Lab - Global Urban Monitoring
2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

MGS Thermal Emission Spectrometer

TES has three subsections that measure incoming infrared and visible energy: a Michelson interferometer, a broadband radiance sensor, and a solar reflectance sensor. The interferometer covers the wavelength range from 6 to 50 microns (~1650-200 cm-1) with 5 and 10 cm-1 spectral resolution. The broadband sensor measures radiance in a single band from 5.5 to 100 microns. To measure the brightness of reflected solar energy, a third sensor views the planet in the 0.3 to 2.7 micron region. Each sensor has six detectors arranged in a 3 by 2 array, each with a field of view of 8.3-mrad. This translates to a spatial resolution of 3 km from the MGS orbit.

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

TES - Surface and Atmospheric Science

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

THEMIS Instrument
9-band 9-band multi-spectral multi-spectral IR IR imager imager Uncooled Uncooled microbolometer microbolometer 6.5-15.5 6.5-15.5 m m 5-band 5-band visible visible imager imager 0.43-0.85 0.43-0.85 m m 100-m 100-m spatial spatial resolution resolution in in IR IR 18-m 18-m spatial spatial resolution resolution in in visible visible Global Global coverage coverage in in IR IR (day (day and and night) and and 1-band 1-band visible visible during during night) primary mission mission primary Calibrated Calibrated to to -120 -120 degrees degrees C C Aram Chaos - IR
2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

THEMIS Daytime IR

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

THEMIS Nighttime IR

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

Mini TES - Athena Rovers 03

The thermal IR has the ability to penetrate through the dust coatings common to the martian surface that can present problems for remote sensing observations. At these wavelengths, Mini-TES can recognize carbonates, silicates, organic molecules, and minerals formed in water. Thermal IR data will also help scientists assess the capacity of rocks and soils to hold heat over the wide temperature range of a martian day. In addition to determining mineral composition of martian surface materials, Mini-TES will be pointed upward to make the first ever high-resolution temperature profiles through the martian atmosphere's boundary layer.
2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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ASTER
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Terra Orbit Parameters

Orbit Sun Synchronous Descending Node 10:30 am 705 km 98.2o 16 days
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Time of Day Altitude Inclination Repeat Cycle

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

ASTER Instrument Operations

ASTER has a limited duty cycle which implies decisions regarding usage must be made Observation choices include targets, telescopes, pointing angles, gains, day or night observations Telescopes capable of independent observations and maximum observation time in any given orbit is 16 minutes Maximum acquisitions per day Acquired ~750 Processed ~330

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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ASTER - 100 Fastest Growing & At-Risk Cities

Change Detection Maps Soil Cover Water Resources Urban Heat Island Temperatures

QuickTime and a GIF decompressor are needed to see this picture.

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Urban Remote Sensing Land Cover Change

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Urban Remote Sensing

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Dynamic Modeling of Urban Systems - An Unmet Need

Surface Compositional Data Lacking Limited Nighttime Imagery Infrequent Observations Low Priority (ASTER) Thermal IR Not Part of Landsat or ASTER Follow On ESA Mega Cities Project

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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NSF Central Arizona Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research

Decade-scale monitoring project 48 co-investigators from 14 departments ASU partners with State, cities, federal labs Complement to Baltimore LTER Ideal platform for urban modeling/analysis
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2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

CAP is one of two Urban LTERs

Phoenix
young city rapid growth arid rugged libertarian politics

Baltimore
old city slower growth humid flat activist politics

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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CAP LTER Objectives

Test ecological theory in urban settings Better understanding of ecology of cities Relate ecological and sociological factors Archive large body of scientific data Engage public (K-12) in scientific discovery Spin off additional research opportunities

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Urban Issues
Water
Storage, Retention, & Transport Quality Irrigation & Groundwater Pollution Ozone & Pollution Tracking Surface Characterization Soil Analysis & Composition Heat Islands & Microclimates Disease Migration Urban Security & Emergency Preparedness
2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Current Non-Dynamic Urban Monitoring Model

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

22

Urban Systems Have Pulses

Dynamic Void

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Raytheon SBRS & Spectrum Astro

SBRS - 35 Years of Success in Space-Based Sensors

926 unique designs: 2.1 to 377 kg 978 sensors launched: > 353 instrument years in space 9Average operating life > 3.0 design life 9100% successful turn-on after launch

HIGH PERFORMANCE SPACECRAFT 100 % SUCCESS FLIGHT RECORD

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Mission Concept
Science Goals Water Retention & Transport Urban Heat Islands & Microclimates Accelerated Multi-temporal Classification of Urban Conditions Water Quality Pollution Tracking Regional & Global Impacts Improve Global Climate Modeling End-User Training Low Cost/Low Risk Mission: Small Sat Platform & Pegasus Launch Vehicle Leverage Mars & ASTER TIR Technology University Instrument Ops and Control Coverage of Major US Cities - Cross Track Pointing Capabilities
2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Recommended Bands, Spatial Resolution & Swaths

A TES-THEMIS Hybrid for Atmospheric Sounding and Imaging
Spectral Bands Spatial Resolution (m) 5 Visible 10 - 15 1 Visible - Low Light 10 - 15 10 Near/SWIR 30 or less 10 -15 Thermal IR 100 Swath Width (km) 30 - 50 30 - 50 30 - 50 30 - 50

With Off Nadir Pointing Capability - Next Step is to Analyze the Tradeoffs Among Height-InclinationCoverage & Walk with a Goal of High Temporal Resolution.
2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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Mission Concept (cont.)

Data, User Groups, & Training Market - University: Geology/Geography, GIS, Planning, & Remote Sensing Programs -- Municipal: Urban Planners, Emergency Preparedness Research Theme- Urban System Dynamics & Effects Coverage - Day/Night

2003 ESIG/NCAR. Not for reproduction without written permission

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An Innovative Approach
ASU Urban Remote Sensing

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