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Introduction
Plastic formation process-manufacture of bottles and hollow-shaped parts Competitive with other processes, injection molding Advantages; cycle is very short (low cost), lower mold cost than injection molding, high production rates in producing hollow parts with small or large opening
Image of Parison
In this system, one mold captures the parison (Mold A) While a part is cooling in Mold B
Mold A then withdraws the parison from the extruder While the part is ejected from in Mold B
The part is cooling in Mold A (moved out from extruder) Mold B is moving into position around the parison
The cycle is completed by cooling of the part in Mold A Capture a new parison in Mold B, blow the part into the mold cavity
System in which the parison is removed from the die and transferred to a mold, thus give space for another parison to be formed while the first part is cooling
Use multiple molds to match the output of the extruder when forming the parison
Disadvantages of rotating mold systemthe rotating wheel is much more complicated mechanically, cost of additional molds is quite high Advantage of rotating mold system mold cycle that are much longer than extrusion rate can be accommodate Continuous extrusion blow molding methods are suitable for production of small to medium size parts
If the parts are large, the time to form the parison by continuous extrusion is relatively long Long extrusion time results in excessive cooling of the parison- cannot be effectively blown Therefore method to forming parison that is faster than extrusion speed must be used The rapid forming has been accomplished by two methods; the reciprocating screw system and accumulator system In both systems, the parison is formed intermittently rather than continuously, and used only one mold
Reciprocating Screw
Specific amount of resin is ejected to form a parison A parison can be formed in one or two seconds During the subsequent blowing and cooling, the extrusion screw is retracting and accumulate another charge No parison is formed during the part of the cycle so the parison formation is intermittent If the blowing and cooling time are long, the screw may stop when sufficient material has accumulate for the next parison shot The stoppage may cause some disruptions in the extruder, so another method which used accumulator and allow continuous running of the extruder is developed
Accumulator system
The accumulator system also produce parison intermittenly In this system, the extrudate flow from the extruder into an external chamber or accumulator At the appropriate moment in the cycle, a ram in the chamber injects the resin through a die to form parison The accumulator is heated to maintain the proper temperature of the resin
The mold is closed Resin is then injected to form a cylindrical part The mold is opened, and preform is ejected
The preform is transferred to a blowing station while it is still hot or it can be reheated After the second mold is closed, air is injected into the heated preform (through a hole) Blow the preform, against the inside walls, mold is open and the part is ejected
Thickness of the part- wall thickness is varied (bottom part is thicker, and thin toward the top) Stiffness of the final part is dependent on the wall thickness (good stiffness is required to stand straight & to withstand pressure of filling and labeling) Important parameter - Blow ratio= Mold diameter/Parison Diameter Blow ratio = 1.5 to 3 are common