DNA,RNA & Protein Synthesis Mrs.

Mente

Name________________ March 18, 2013

1. The accompanying diagram represents a portion of a type of organic molecule present in the cells of organisms. What will most likely happen if there is a change in the base sequence of this molecule?

1. The molecule will be converted into an inorganic compound. 2. The amino acid sequence may be altered during protein synthesis.

3. The chromosome number will decrease in future generations. 4. The chromosome number may increase within the organisms.

2. Which cell structure contains information needed for protein synthesis?

3. The accompanying diagram shows some of the steps in protein synthesis. The section of DNA being used to make the strand of mRNA is known as a

1. carbohydrate 2. gene

3. ribosome 4. chromosome

4. What determines the kind of genes an organism possesses? 1. type of amino acids in the cells of the organism 2. sequence of the subunits A, T, C, and G in the DNA of the organism

3. size of simple sugar molecules in the organs of the organism 4. shape of the protein molecules in the organelles of the organism

5. The DNA of a human cell can be cut and rearranged by using 1. a scalpel 2. electrophoresis

3. hormones 4. enzymes

6. In the diagram shown, strands I and II represent portions of a DNA molecule. Strand II would normally include

1. AGC 2. TCG

3. TAC 4. GAT

7. The accompanying diagram shows some of the steps in protein synthesis. The section of DNA being used to make the strand of mRNA is known as a

1. carbohydrate 2. gene

3. ribosome 4. chromosome

8. Which statement best describes a chromosome? 1. It is a gene that has thousands of different forms. 2. It has genetic information contained in DNA.

3. It is a reproductive cell that influences more than one trait. 4. It contains hundreds of genetically identical DNA molecules.

9. A small amount of DNA was taken from a fossil of a mammoth found frozen in glacial ice. Genetic technology can be used to produce a large quantity of identical DNA from this mammoth's DNA. In this technology, the original DNA sample is used to

1. stimulate differentiation in other mammoth cells 2. provide fragments to replace certain human body chemicals

3. act as a template for repeated replication 4. trigger mitosis to obtain new base sequences

10. When DNA separates into two strands, the DNA would most likely be directly involved in 1. replication 3. differentiation 2. fertilization 4. evolution

11. The instructions for the traits of an organism are coded in the arrangement of 1. glucose units in carbohydrate molecules 3. fat molecules in the cell membrane 2. bases in DNA in the nucleus 4. energy-rich bonds in starch molecules

12. The largest amount of DNA in a plant cell is contained in 1. a nucleus 2. a chromosome

3. a protein molecule 4. an enzyme molecule

13. A medical test indicates that a patient has a defective protein. This condition is most likely due to a change in the directions coded in the 1. number of hydrogen atoms in starch molecules 3. number of carbon atoms in sugar molecules 2. sequence of inorganic molecules 4. sequence of subunits in DNA