DLR Ehemaligentreffen Braunschweig 17-Jun-05
Presented by
Daniel Reckzeh
Airbus Aero Design & Data Dept. Bremen / Germany
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Aerodynamic Design of Airbus High-Lift Wings
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 1
Overview
Zur Person Process & tools for high-lift design at Airbus
4The
high-lift wing design process 4CFD 4Windtunnel testing
Examples from High-lift Wing Design Tasks
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
4Integrated
High-Speed / Low-Speed Design 4Aero optimisation & Systems constraints 4Multidisciplinary optimisation 4Configuration issues
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 2
Zur Person
Stationen im DLR:
1998-2000
Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter im DLR Braunschweig (SM-EA) im Rahmen der DLR-DASA Nachwuchsinitiative, abgeordnet zu Airbus Bremen, Segment Produktaerodynamik, Fachgebiet: Aerodynamischer Entwurf von Hochauftriebssystemen
Stationen auerhalb des DLR:
1997-98
Daniel Reckzeh 34 Jahre
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
2000-03
Selbstndige Ttigkeit (eigenes Ingenieurbro) im Unterauftrag von Airbus Bremen im Tragflgelentwurf Airbus Bremen - Entwurfsingenieur im aerodynamischen Entwurf in der Abteilung High-Lift devices
Meine jetzige Ttigkeit: Airbus Bremen Engineering / Flight-Physics Aerodynamic Design & Data Domain (EGA) Leitung der transnationalen Abteilung High-lift devices (Bremen & Filton) Leitung des Segments Configuration design (Bremen)
Seit 2003 Seit 2005
Was ich aus dem DLR mitgenommen habe:
Einstieg in die Luftfahrtbranche Erfahrungen in der akademischen & industriellen Aerodynamik Netzwerkbildung im Rahmen der NWI (Nachwuchsinitiative)
month 200X Page 3
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
Zur Person
Welche Ttigkeitsbereiche habe ich durchlaufen ? Build up of a process chain for Geometry tools and CFD-Methods for high-lift wing design CFD-Tool development: Modelling of 3D separated flows on complete aircraft configurations Windtunnel model specification for high-lift wing development High-lift windtunnel testing and analysis for R&T and A380 In charge of A380 high-lift wing aerodynamic design Coordination of A400M Airbus high-lift wing aerodynamic design Transnational Lead of High-Lift Devices Group, responsible for all Airbus High-Lift Wing Design activities Capability Manager Configuration Design
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 4
Organisation Airbus Engineering
Research / Technology Architecture & Integration Flight Physics Systems and Integration Tests Powerplant Systems
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Structure Flight Safety Enhancement Product Integrity Flight Operations
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 5
Organisation Airbus Flight Physics
Resources Management Policy and Development Aerodyn. Design & Data Aerodyn. Windtunnel Testing Loads & Aeroelasticity
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Flight Physics
Mass Properties Aircraft Performance Flight Dynamics Simulation College of Experts
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 6
Organisation Aero Design & Data Domain Germany
Aerodynamic Design & Data Domain Germany
Config Design
Data Modelling
Support
Methods & Tools
High-lift Devices
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Aero Data for Performance
Far-field Impact
Methods, Tools & Processes
Ice Prdiction Fuselage/Tails Aero Data for Loads Complex CFD
Complete Aircraft
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 7
Requirements to the High-Lift Configuration
Sufficient high lift performance Low take-off drag Acceptable handling quality Low system weight & complexity
a multidisciplinary design problem
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 8
The High-Lift Wing Aero Design Process
Inputs
TLAR (requirements, performance & noise targets) General A/C layout Wing planform Cruise Wing surface
High Lift Devices Aero design & Master Geometry
Tools
CAD KBE aero design tools CFD Flow Analysis Windtunnel testing Aeroacoustic analysis
Outputs
High-lift configuration layout High-lift devices shapes Requirements for system design
(Target kinematics, Settings, etc)
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Clean
Take off Flap 16
Landing Flap 34
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 10
Parametric Shape Design & Analysis Tools
Clean-Wing Component Design Geo-Analysis
2D-Setting 3D-Setting
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Planform Definition
2D CFD 3D CFD
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 11
Parametric Shape Design & Analysis Tools
Examples from Droop Nose Device Design
Shape design incl kinematic constraints
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Aerodynamic analysis
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
Target kinematics
month 200X Page 12
CFD-based High-Lift Wing Design
2D-Panel
Quasi-3D
2D-Navier-Stokes
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
3D-Panel 3D-Euler
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
3D-Navier-Stokes
month 200X Page 13
Windtunnels for Airbus High-Lift Development
A380 Model chain (1) Small Halfmodel X03 (Scale 1:32) A380 Model chain (3) Complete model X06 LSWT Filton (Re=1.5 Mio) F1 Toulose (Re=8 Mio) Q5m Farnborough (Re=6 Mio)
LSWT Bremen (Re=1.5 Mio) KKK Cologne (Re=7 Mio) ETW Cologne (Re=25 Mio)
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
A380 Model chain (2) Large complete model X08 (Scale 1:17) DNW Emmeloord (Re=3.5 Mio) Large halfmodel X08H l LSWT Filton (Re=3.5 Mio) l F1 Toulouse (Re=12 Mio) l Q5m Farnborough (Re=10 Mio)
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 14
Tools for design verification: CFD vs Windtunnel ?
Designers view (provocative) : CFD and Wintunnel are tools for design analysis.
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
4 CFD
delivers fast pretty pictures but with partly questionable results 4 Windtunnel testing is extremely expensive and requires too much time
Way out ?
4 Despite
their discrepancies we can not live without the one or the other, the combination of both advantages makes it. 4 CFD to be used in far more intensive combination with Windtunneltesting 4 The major step ahead for design will be the close-coupled use of reliable (i.e. validated) complex CFD
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 15
Integrated High-Speed / Low-Speed Design
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Thin outer wing profiles with small leading edge radius: high Slat-angle necessary, therefore long Slat-tracks with high weight and intregration problems Thin rear profile thickness (high rear-loading in cruise): low flap-thickness with high boundary layer loading, high flap structure weight, flexible structure gives difficulties in maintaining target flap gap
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 16
The droop-nose device
Droop Nose Device
lower drag reduced maximum lift
Slat
higher maximum lift increased drag
Actuator link Lug 122
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Lever
Link Arm HL rotation axis
26
Selected for inboard wing of A380
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 17
Kinematics system versus Aero target
Track mechanism fulfills Aero Target, but complex and heavy Dropped Hinge mechanism insuffiecient to Aero Target, but less complex and lighter
Overlap %
2,10
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
14,00 Target Gap 27-87 FVF (track) Target Gap 27-87 FVF (dropped hinge) Target OL 27-87 FVF (track)
1,80
12,00
12 10
1,8 1,5
Gap [% of cleanwing]
1,50
Target OL 27-87 FVF (dropped hinge)
10,00
1,20
8,00
Gap
1,2
0,90
6,00
6 4 2
0,9 0,6 0,3
0,60
Overlap
2,00 0,00 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
4,00
0,30
0,00
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Flap angle
Flap Angle
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 18
Gap %
14
2,1
Multidisciplinary design optimisation
Aero dependancies
Coupled Sensitivities
Performance dependancies
Takeoff Performance MEGALINER
Megaliner Reference Megaliner Reference - delta CD =0,0025
Gross Weight [1000 kg]
Gap
Overlap
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Runway length [1000 m]
Startposition des Flaps fr die Optimierung
1,4
Starting point
1,2
Referenzposition des Flaps
Reference
Optimierte Flap-Position
Optimum
Systems dependancies
Gap
100,0% 90,0% 80,0%
0,8
100,0% 81,5% 75,0%
0,6
Systemgewicht
70,0% 60,0% 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0%
0,4
1,4
1,2
0,2
Result of coupled optimisation
6 5,5 5 4,5 4 3,5 Overlap O/L [% of chord]
0,8
0,6
Overlap
2,5
1,5
0,5
-0,5
-1
10,0% 0,0% Track-System Linkage-System Pivot-System
0,4
Pivot-Kinematics
Linkage-Kinematics
Track-Kinematics
0,2
0 6 5,5 5 4,5 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 -0,5 -1 Overlap O/L [% of chord]
Pivot-Kinematics
Linkage-Kinematics
Track-Kinematics
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 19
Wing Layout Studies
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Flexible wing structure with aileron reversal tendency: Application of an inboard All-Speed-Aileron with increased outer flap span, resp. application of an inboard Taberon
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 20
Impact of the landing gear height
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Relatively short landing gear legs required to control aircraft weight to improve space allocation for I/B flap
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference month 200X Page 21
Impact of the landing gear height
fuselage close to ground rotation limit
CL
engine close to wing engine exhaust jet blowing on flaps
CL 0
rot
"rotati on
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
challenges : prediction of aerodynamic nterference vibrations by turbulent engine exhaust temperatures on high lift elements material ?
month 200X Page 22
challenge : sufficient lift at = 8...10 but maximum lift can be somewhat compromised (without negative effect on T/O performance)
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
Conclusions
High-Lift Design is a major driver for overall wing design Continuing adaptation of the high-lift wing layout to the current
aircraft requirements: aerodynamic design not better than necessary
Optimisation under multidisciplinary constraints:
small penalty for aerodynamics can cause large benefit for other disciplines
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Consequent design verification with high Reynolds-number testing
and CFD predictions is necessary to reduce (unwanted) margins for the aircraft as far as possible
Design decisions more and more based on CFD alone A closed multidisciplinary design loop is not possible due to the
complexity of the task
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 23
Vielen Dank fr die Aufmerksamkeit ! Fragen ? Jetzt, gleich, oder: Daniel.Reckzeh@airbus.com
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 24
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document. This document and all information contained herein is the sole property of AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH . No intellectual property rights are granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of its content. This document shall not be reproduced or disclosed to a third party without the express written consent of AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH . This document and its content shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied. The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed in good faith. Where the supporting grounds for these statements are not shown, AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH will be pleased to explain the basis thereof. AIRBUS, its logo, A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321, A330, A340, A350, A380, A400M are registered trademarks.
AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Use menu "View - Header and Footer" for Presentation Title - Siglum - Reference
month 200X
Page 25
