Pipe Pressure Loss Calculator Wall drag and changes in height lead to pressure drops in pipe fluid flow.

To calculate the pressure drop and flowrates in a section of uniform pipe running from Point A to Point B, enter the paramete Note that a positive Dz means that B is higher than A, whereas a negative Dz means that B is lower than A.

Inputs Pressure at A (absolute): Average fluid velocity in pipe, V : Pipe diameter, D : Pipe relative roughness, e/D: Pipe length from A to B, L : Elevation gain from A to B, Dz : Fluid density, r: Fluid viscosity (dynamic), m: Answers Reynolds Number, R: 1.00 10 Friction Factor, f: 0.0180 Pressure at B: 95.5 kPa Pressure Drop: 4.50 kPa Volume Flowrate: 7.85 l/s Mass Flowrate: 7.85 kg/s
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kPa m/s cm m/m m m kg/l cP

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Default Values

Hint: To Calculate a Flowrate You can solve for flowrate from a known pressure drop using this calculator (instead of solving for a pressure drop from a kno

Proceed by guessing the velocity and inspecting the calculated pressure drop. Refine your velocity guess until the calculated p Equations used in the Calculation Changes to inviscid, incompressible flow moving from Point A to Point B along a pipe are described by Bernoulli's equation,

where p is the pressure, V is the average fluid velocity, r is the fluid density, z is the pipe elevation above some datum, and Bernoulli's equation states that the total head h along a streamline (parameterized by x ) remains constant. This means that velocity head can be converted into gravity head and/or pressure head (or vice-versa), such that the total head h stays constant. No energy is lost in such a flow.

For real viscous fluids, mechanical energy is converted into heat (in the viscous boundary layer along the pipe walls) and is los

where D is the pipe diameter. As the flow moves down the pipe, viscous head slowly accumulates taking available head away

For pipe flow, we assume that the pipe diameter D stays constant. By continuity, we then know that the fluid velocity V stays

where L is the pipe length between points A and B, and Dz is the change in pipe elevation (z B - z A ). Note that Dz will be neg

The viscous head term is scaled by the pipe friction factor f. In general, f depends on the Reynolds Number R of the pipe flow

The roughness measure e is the average size of the bumps on the pipe wall. The relative roughness e /D is therefore the size For laminar flow (R < 2000 in pipes), f can be deduced analytically. The answer is,

For turbulent flow (R > 3000 in pipes), f is determined from experimental curve fits. One such fit is provided by Colebrook,

The solutions to this equation plotted versus R make up the popular Moody Chart for pipe flow,

The calculator above first computes the Reynolds Number for the flow. It then computes the friction factor f by direct substitution (if laminar; the calculator uses the condition that R < 3000 for this determination) or by iteration using Newton-Raphson (if turbulent). The pressure drop is then calculated using the viscous head equation above. Note that the uncertainties behind the experimental curve fits place at least a 10% uncertainty on the deduced pressure drops. The engineer should be aware of this when making calculations.

Point B, enter the parameters below. The pipe is assumed to be relatively straight (no sharp bends), such that changes in pressure are du

r a pressure drop from a known flowrate or velocity).

y guess until the calculated pressure drop matches your data.

d by Bernoulli's equation,

on above some datum, and g is the gravity acceleration constant.

constant. This means hat the total head h

ong the pipe walls) and is lost from the flow. Therefore one cannot use Bernoulli's principle of conserved head (or energy) to calculate flow

s taking available head away from the pressure, gravity, and velocity heads. Still, the total head h (or energy) remains constant.

hat the fluid velocity V stays constant along the pipe. With D and V constant we can integrate the viscous head equation and solve for the

A ).

Note that Dz will be negative if the pipe at B is lower than at A.

s Number R of the pipe flow, and the relative roughness e/D of the pipe wall,

ss e /D is therefore the size of the bumps compared to the diameter of the pipe. For commercial pipes this is usually a very small number

is provided by Colebrook,

h that changes in pressure are due mostly to elevation changes and wall friction. (The default calculation is for a smooth horizontal pipe c

d head (or energy) to calculate flow parameters. Still, one can keep track of this lost head by introducing another term (called viscous head

ergy) remains constant.

s head equation and solve for the pressure at Point B,

his is usually a very small number. Note that perfectly smooth pipes would have a roughness of zero.

n is for a smooth horizontal pipe carrying water, with answers rounded to 3 significant figures.)

another term (called viscous head ) into Bernoulli's equation to get,

Kekentalan Fluida (dinamik), m: 1

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Masukan Data
Tekanan di titik A (absolute), p A : 100 kPa Kecepatan rata-rata fluida di dalam pipa pipe, V : 0.5 m/detik Diameter Pipa, D : 10 cm Material Pipa, e: 45 mikron Kekasaran Relatif Pipa, e/D: 0.00045 Panjang Pipa dari titik A ke B, L : 50 m Perbedaan Ketinggian dari A ke B, Dz : 10 m 3 Massa jenis Fluida, r: kg/m 1000 Kekentalan Fluida (dinamik), m: 1 cP Daya Listrik Pompa: 500 Watt

Jawaban
Bilangan Reynolds, Re: 5.00E+04 Faktor Gesekan, f: 0.0224 0.00 Tekanan di titik B, p B : 0.5 kPa Pressure Drop: 99.5 kPa Volume Flowrate: 3.93 liter/detik Mass Flowrate: 3.93 kg/detik Daya Hidrolik: 390.74 Watt Efisiensi Pompa: 78.15%

Material Pipa
Perunggu (tarik dingin) Tembaga (tarik dingin) Baja komersial Besi kasar Besi cor (aspal) Baja galvanis Besi cor Wood stave Beton Baja berrivet

Kekasaran Absolut, e x 106 ft mikron

5 1,5 5 1,5 150 45 150 45 400 120 500 150 850 260 600 - 3.000 0,2 - 0,9 mm 1.000 - 10.000 0,3 - 3 mm 3.000 - 30.000 0,9 - 9 mm