AKHUNBAEV I.K.

KYRGYZ STATE MEDICAL ACADEMY

NANAEVA M.T. BASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
DEPARTMENT

REPORT
ON EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

Student:
Teacher: Dzhakubekova A.U., PhD, associated professor

EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE

Clinical question:
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PICO approach
Patient/problem

Intervention

Comparison

Outcome

Type of clinical question

__ Diagnosis __ Diagnostic test

__ Risk/Ethiology

__ Prognosis

__ Therapy/Prophylaxis

Types of studies
Therapy/
Prophylaxis

QT

Diagnosis

Diagnostic test

Risk/Ethiology

Prognosis

QS

Prospective/Cohort
study
RCT

Prospective/Coho
rt study
Comparason with
Gold standard
Meta-analyses and
RCT

Meta-analyses/
Systematic
reviews
RCT
Cohort study
Case-control study

Epidemiologic study
Prognostic/Risk
factors

Meta-analyses/
Systematic
reviews
RCT

positive
negative
prognostic value

Probability

Odds ratio
decreasing of
relative risk

Probability
Analyses of survival

decreasing of

Results

Sensitivity

relative risk

decreasing of
absilute risk
Number of
patients
needed to
treat

Internet resources
__ Systematic reviews (Ovid)

__ MEDLINE

(Ovid)
__ MEDLINE (PubMed)
__ Cochrane Collaboration, Cochrane Library
__(Ovid Cochrane)
__ CINAHL (Ovid)
__ EMBASE (Ovid)
Others:_______________

__ UpToDate
__ TRIP+
__ Meta-analyses
__ RCT
__ PIER
Others:

Evaluate the relevance of found studies results

Does it
answer your
question?

Is it same
population?

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Yes/No

Level of evidence1

Classification of the Quality of Evidence

Code

Quality of
Evidence

High

Moderate

Low

Very Low

Definition
Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Several high-quality studies with consistent results
In special cases: one large, high-quality multi-centre trial
Further research is likely to have an important impact on confidence in the estimate of
effect and may change the estimate.
One high-quality study
Several studies with some limitations
Further research is very likely to have an important impact on confidence in the
estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
One or more studies with severe limitations
Any estimate of effect is very uncertain.
Expert opinion
No direct research evidence
One or more studies with very severe limitations

GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) Working Group 2007 (modified by the EBM
Guidelines Editorial Team).

Selected relevant and evident information or article

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Resume of outcomes of this investigation

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Advantages/disadvantages of this research article

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Can this research influence on your following approaches how to solve this problem?
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