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Vocabolario | Vocabulary
To help you pronounce the words in this section, you might want to try these video links
(also available on the HCLAW Italian blog):
II: Be nice
Per favore, Per piacere | Please
Per means “for,” so what you’re literally saying is something like “for [my] favor or for
[my] pleasing”
Keeping this in mind, let’s look at piacere, a verb which means “to please.”
If someone does something “for [my] pleasing,” then it makes sense
that person is “pleasing to me.” This latter phrase is how Italians say, “I like.” In
other words:
Grazie | Thanks
Prego | Your Welcome
Both grazie and prego are derivitives from the Catholic tradition in Italy. Grazie literally
means “graces” as in “thanks/graces be to God” and prego literally means “I pray.”
Beginner Week 1
The next time you are at a supermarket, look at the tomato sauces. You’ll notice, or might
already be familiar with, a brand called “Prego.” It’s telling you “You’re welcome.” A
little presumptuous, no?
Looking at Come sta? and Come va? you’re probably able to tell that come means “how.”
Come? | How?
Now let’s look at some more question words...think about how you would
pronounce the following:
Che? | What?
If you thought “Ch” as in chair, you’ve fallen into your first English trap.
In Italian, che is pronounced “K” and the “ch” in chiunque (anyone) is
similarly pronounced, like “key-un-quay.”
Leave chiunque lost by itself for a moment so you can better see some
connections between four of its relatives:
Chi? | Who?
A chi? | To whom?
Con chi? | With whom?
Di chi? | Whose? (Literally: Of who?)
Seeing this relationship in translation from Italian, you might have noticed that “a,”
“con,” and “di” play the role of, and indeed are, prepositions.
A | to
Con | with
Di | of
Per | for (You knew this one already from “Per favore.”)
Perché? | ?
You know per means “for” and you know “che” means what. When you ask
for what reason someone does something you ask why. Why. Italian’s not so
hard, eh?
Che? | What?
Che cosa? | What? (think What thing?)
Cosa? | What?
cosa | thing
Quale? | Which?
You’ll notice there are two variations of each of the two above. Perché? You
might ask.
We’ve been addressing these question words as people in the sense they have
relatives, but we also address words in Italian (as in other romance
languages) as though they have gender.
Nouns and adjectives in Italian are masculine or feminine. Nouns hold their
ground. Adjectives are crossdressers. You’ll see them change their ending
based on what noun they want to hang out with.
For example,
Beginner Week 1
o is masculine. buono.
a is feminine. buona.
With some creative application of the last page or so, you now know enough
Italian to explore the red-light district. But hopefully in lieu of going there,
you will consider the following:
See if you can figure out the rule from the following:
If you thought:
Then you’re right. The ending of the adjective changes when the noun is
plural as it does with our question words.
Beginner Week 1
If you are wondering quanti? more vocabulary words are going to be in this
lesson. Not to worry. I won’t keep you too long. But I wouldn’t want to leave
you with a ton of questions either (There’ll be more time for those next
week.)
Let’s conclude with a nice relaxing exercise. Take deep breaths. And count
slowly to ten. In Italian.
There you have it. Your first lesson in Italian é finito, is finished, is complete.
All the lessions will be in this format, about five pages in length.
Please direct positive/negative feedback to harvardclaw@gmail.com.
Cris
Cristoforo Magliozzi
cmaglioz@fas.harvard.edu
Director of Italian Program
Harvard College Languages at Work