Introduction To Grammar

Transformational Grammar

Prescriptive grammar Functional Grammar

Situational Grammar

Traditional Grammar

What is grammar?
Grammar Is The Study Of Rules Governing The Use Of Language. The Set Of Rules Governing A Particular Language Is The Grammar Of That Language; Thus, Each Language Can Be Said To Have Its Own Distinct Grammar. Grammar Is Part Of The General Study Of Language Called Linguistics.

Grammar Is A Way Of Thinking About Language. As The Word Is Understood

By Most Modern Linguists, The Sub Fields Of Grammar Are Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, And Pragmatics. Traditionally, However, Grammar Included Only Morphology And Syntax.
Introduction to Grammar The Rehman College

Contradictive View Regarding Grammar.

Grammar Is The System of A Language. People Sometimes Describe Grammar As The "Rules" of A Language; But In Fact No Language Has Rules. If We Use The Word "Rules", We Suggest That Somebody Created The Rules First And Then Spoke The Language, Like A New Game. But

Languages Did Not Start Like That. Languages Started By People Making
Sounds Which Evolved Into Words, Phrases And Sentences. No Commonlyspoken Language Is Fixed. All Languages Change Over Time. What We Call "Grammar" Is Simply A Reflection Of A Language At A Particular Time.
Introduction to Grammar The Rehman College

Contradictive View Regarding Grammar.

Do we need to study grammar to learn a language? The short answer is No". Very many people in the world speak their own, native language without having studied its grammar. Children start to speak before they even know the word "grammar". But if you are serious about learning a foreign language, the long answer is "yes, grammar can help you to learn a language more quickly and more efficiently." It's important to think of grammar as something that can help you, like a friend. When you understand the grammar (or system) of a language, you can understand many things yourself, without having to ask a teacher or look in a book. So think of grammar as something good, something positive, something that you can use to find your way - like a signpost or a map.
Introduction to Grammar The Rehman College

Types of Grammar

Prof. Noam Chomsky

Introduction to Grammar

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DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR has as its goal to describe as adequately and systematically as possible what speakers of a language actually do and say, not what someone thinks they should do or say. A PRESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR lays out rules about the structure of a language. Unlike a descriptive grammar it deals with what the grammarian believes to be right and wrong, good or bad language use; not following the rules will generate incorrect language. Both types of grammar have their supporters and their detractors, which in all probability suggests that both have their strengths and weaknesses.
Introduction to Grammar The Rehman College

A TRANSFORMATIONAL GRAMMAR, or transformational-generative grammar

(TGG), is a grammar, especially of a

natural language, that has been

developed in a Chomskian tradition.

Additionally, transformational grammar is the Chomskian tradition that gives

rise

to

specific

transformational
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grammars.
Introduction to Grammar

What Is Grammar? DIFFERENT APPROACHES OF LANGUAGE STRUCTURE

Phonology

Grammar

Semantics

MORE SPECIFIC NOTION ACCORDING NOAM CHOMSKY

Phonology

Syntax

Semantics

CLAUSES The Various Units That Make The Structure Of A Clause Are As Follow;
S=Subject V=Verb C=Complement O=Object T=Time A=Adverbial

S + PREDICATE
i. S+V The Dog + is Running. The Man + Saw + a Cow. The Car + is + Ready. A picture + Lays + On the ground. I + Gave + Ahmed + a Book He + Called + Anwar + a Fool. ii. S + V + O iii. S + V + C iv. S + V + A v. S + V + O + O vi. S + V + O + C

vii. S + V + O + T

Fatima + Saw + John + Yesterday.