NCM-103 (FINALS) (PAIN AND SURGERY)

Submitted to : Mr. Elizalde M. Baldueza Submitted by : Olive Keithy Ascao BSN III -B

TERMINOLOGIES Cutaneous stimulation - a nursing intervention from the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) defined as stimulation of the skin and underlying tissues for the purpose of decreasing undesirable signs and symptoms such as pain, muscle spasm, or inflammation. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator - is an electronic device that produces electrical signals used to stimulate nerves through unbroken skin. Massage - is the manipulation of superficial and deeper layers of muscle and connective tissue to enhance the function and promote relaxation and well-being. Heat and Cold Application - Heat and cold are applied to the body for local and systemic effects. Acupuncture - is a practice in which needles are inserted into various traditionally determined points of the body ("acupuncture points") and then manipulated, or the theory under which the practice is done. Acupressure - Acupressure is a complementary medicine technique derived from acupuncture. In acupressure physical pressure is applied to acupuncture points by the hand, elbow, or with various devices. Musical distraction - is a very common occurrence on an every day basis; we experience it mainly because of the frequent appearance of background music in the modern world. Progressive relaxation - a stress-reduction technique that uses a sequence of progressive exercises under the direction of a therapist to lower the level of anxiety and its neuromotor manifestations. Deep breathing - helps expand the lungs and forces better distribution of the air into all sections of the lung. The patient either sits in a chair or sits upright in bed and inhales, pushing the abdomen out to force maximum amounts of air into the lung. Guided imagery - is the use of relaxation and mental visualization to improve mood and/or physical well-being. Rhythmic Breathing involves breathing in a fixed rhythmic pattern where ratio of inhalation, retention and exhalation is of 2:1:2:1. Meditation/Yoga - The abbreviation for transcendental meditation, a form of contemplation in which the mind, released by the repetition of a mantra, becomes calm and creative. Hypnosis - an artificially induced state of relaxation and concentration in which deeper parts of the mind become more accessible: used clinically to reduce reaction to pain, to encourage free association, etc. Humor - One of the four fluids of the body blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile whose relative proportions were thought in ancient and medieval medicine to determine general health and character.

Biofeedback - a technique for teaching the control of autonomic functions, such as the rate of heartbeat or breathing, by recording the activity and presenting it (usually visually) so that the person can know the state of the autonomic function he is learning to control. Magnets - An object that is surrounded by a magnetic field and that has the property, either natural or induced, of attracting iron or steel. Cordotomy - is a surgical procedure that disables selected pain-conducting tracts in the spinal cord, in order to achieve loss of pain and temperature perception. Rhizotomy - is a neurosurgical procedure that selectively severs problematic nerve roots in the spinal cord, most often to relieve the symptoms of neuromuscular conditions such as spastic diplegia and other forms of spastic cerebral palsy. Nervectomy - is the surgical removal of a nerve or a section of a nerve. Sympathectomy - is a surgical procedure where certain portions of the sympathetic nerve trunk are destroyed.