Friendship House MSU Writing Class April 1, 2013 Chapters 9 & 10 The Sounds of Sentences & Parallel Structure

re The Sounds of Sentences Punctuation: Name Ampersand Apostrophe Asterisk At sign Backslash Brackets Bullet Caps Colon Comma Dash Degree Ditto Dollar sign Equals sign Exclamation point Footnote sign Forward slash Greater than Italicize Less than Lower case Number sign Paragraph sign Parenthesis Percent Period Plus sign Question mark Quotation mark Semicolon Underline Symbol & * @ \ [ ] also { } Use closer relationship than and; source citation; shorten when a word is missing; to show ownership typically as a substitute for a footnote nearly exclusively used for email addresses almost exclusively used in computer programming used mainly for clarification within quoted material not sentences; short; mini-headlines upper case letters separate an independent clause from a quotation pause between parts of sentence, separate items in list use a to set off a short summary after a main clause simply means repeat, or the same as above self-explanatory not used in writing, OK to use if you are taking notes should seldom use in writing, except dialogue follows numbering sequence; academic or business commonly used as a substitute for or self- explanatory, not used in writing looks like this; self-explanatory, not used in writing lower case letters used as abbreviation for number but seldom used called pilcrow; not used in formal writing; rough drafts clarify meaning or to insert supplemental information self-explanatory the end of every sentence unless ? or ! is used not used in writing; OK to use if you are taking notes used at the end of a direct question used for quoting, highlighting a word, doubting a word1 used to connect two phrases, usually a subject and verb usually used for emphasis but often overused

XXX : , -

$ = !
1

/ > m < xxx # ( ) % . + ? ; _

If a word is used that you want the reader to doubt, you put it inside quotation marks. For example: The U.S. invaded Iraq because it had weapons of mass destruction.