TextureMapping MinexV5.

3 April2008

Copyright 2008 Surpac Minex Group Pty Ltd (A Gemcom Company). All rights reserved. This software and documentation is proprietary to Surpac Minex Group Pty Ltd. Surpac Minex Group Pty Ltd publishes this documentation for the sole use of Surpac licenses. Without written permission you may not sell, reproduce, store in a retrieval system, or transmit any part of this documentation. For such permission, or to obtain extra copies please contact your local Surpac Minex Group Office. Surpac Minex Group Pty Ltd Level 8 190 St Georges Terrace Perth, Western Australia 6000 Telephone: (08) 94201383 Fax: (08) 94201350 While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual, we assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damage resulting from the use of the information contained herein. All brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of there respective companies. About This Manual This manual has been designed to provide a practical guide to the many uses of the software. The manual describes one way of using the software; these instructions are by no means exhaustive. However, it provides a starting point for new users and a good overview for existing users by demonstrating how to use many of the functions in Minex. If you have any difficulties or questions while working through this manual, please contact your local Surpac Minex Group Office. Contributors Katherine Kelso John Duke Surpac Minex Group Brisbane, Queensland Mittagong, NSW Product Minex v5.3

Table of Contents

Introduction

1 Requirements....................................................................................................................................1 Objectives..........................................................................................................................................1 3 Overview............................................................................................................................................3 Requirements....................................................................................................................................3 Introduction:TextureMappinginMinex5.2.................................................................................... 4 Task:DisplayThreeTypesofRegisteredTexturedImage.................................................................4 Summary............................................................................................................................................5 6 Task:DisplaytheDTMTriangleSurface............................................................................................ 6 Task:RegisteringaTexture................................................................................................................ 6 Task:PlotaRegisteredImageona2DPlan..................................................................................... 12 Summary..........................................................................................................................................15 16 Overview..........................................................................................................................................16 Requirements..................................................................................................................................16 Introduction:ImportingandRegisteringaSeismicSectionImage..................................................16 Task:ImportandRegisteraSeismicSectionImage........................................................................18 Summary..........................................................................................................................................20 21 Overview..........................................................................................................................................21 Requirements..................................................................................................................................21 Task:SavingaSirovision3DImageasaRegisteredTriangleImage................................................21 Summary..........................................................................................................................................23 24 Overview..........................................................................................................................................24 Requirements..................................................................................................................................24 Task:RegisteringaRepeatable(Tiled)TextureImageontoaDesignSurface.................................24 Task:DisplaytheTexturedSpoilPileDesignSurface......................................................................26

Chapter1DisplayingRegisteredImages

Chapter2RegisteringandDisplayingImages

Chapter3ImportofSeismicSections

Chapter4DisplayingSirovisionHighwallImages

Chapter5RegisteringandDisplayingTexturesonSurfaces

Introduction
This document is designed to help you to accurately register, display and use textured images such as aerial and highwall photographs, depth corrected seismic sections and rock textures on surveyed and design surfaces. More detailed training information is available within the software and from your local Surpac Minex Group Support Office. When the software has been installed you can see additional training resources and help documentation in the Help menu. Additional resources are available for detailed training on all aspects of Minex 5. Your local Surpac Minex Support Office will also have access to additional training aids and can help you with advice on your particular training needs. Visit www.gemcomsupport.com to locate your nearest Support Office.

Requirements
Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should ensure you have the following items: A copy of the software for installation. This is usually installed from a CD, but the software can be downloaded from the www.gemcomsoftware.com website. A suitable computer with a CD ROM drive (if installing from a CD) Windows XP/2000 or NT 512 MB RAM Minimum Pentium 4 processor or equivalent A suitable graphics card 160 MB disk space (for installation) 80MB disk (for software storage)

Objectives
By working through this document, you should be able to: Learn what a texture map is. Register an image to a triangle surface. Show a registered image in 3D and on plan along with other Minex data.

Chapter 1 Displaying Registered Images

Overview
The following concepts are presented in this chapter: 1. Texture Mapping in Minex 5 and an overview of what can it be used for. Image Registration draping a texture image onto a triangle surface.

Requirements
Before performing the exercises in this chapter, you should: Have Minex 5.3 software installed and started on your computer. Have these data files stored on your computer:

AIRPHOTO3PT.trn. ASHES_AIRPHOTO.jpg. AIRPHOTO3PT.tr5. ASHES_SEISMIC1.tif. ASHES_SEISMIC.trn. ASHES_SEISMIC.tr5. ASHES_SEISMIC.XYZ. ASHES_HW_3D Image.tif. ASHES_HW_3D Image-0.trn. ASHES_HW_3D Image-0.tr5. ASHES_HW_3D Image.TRF THEDON.GM3. THEDON.B31, THEDON.B32, THEDON.B33,THEDON.B34, THEDON.B35. Rock_texture.jpg. SPOIL2.tr5.
You can load these data files by installing the Ashes data set.

Note:

Introduction: Texture Mapping in Minex 5.3

The Texture Mapping function in Minex 5.3 allows you to register images (TIFF, JPG, GIF, PNG, etc) such as aerial photos and tile smaller textured images (nominally GIF/PNG, but in theory just about any raster image) onto triangle (.tr5) surfaces for 3D and 2D display and plotting. Minex uses files with a .trn extension to link images to their corresponding geographical locations.
Note: The procedure for creating .trn files is described in Chapter 2 Registering and Displaying Images.

Task: Display Three Types of Registered Textured Image

1. Save the data files that are listed in this tutorials requirements so that they are stored in a folder called C:\Projects\ASHES\ASHES_data. 2. Start Minex 5.3. Set up a new project called ASHES_TM and set the project directory to C:\Projects\ASHES\ASHES_data. Set the local origin to X: 259827 and Y: 6178126. These coordinates are close to the location of the Ashes geometry data. Open the files THEDON.GM3 and THEDON.B31 from the Minex Explorer window. Display the registered air photo. a. Right-click the file AIRPHOTO3PT.trn in the Minex Explorer window. b. Select Open. Next display the registered seismic section by opening ASHES_SEISMIC.trn and rotating the view. Then display the registered highwall image (created using Sirovision) by opening ASHES_HW_3D Image-0.trn. This image is smaller than the air photo, so you might not see it immediately. To make sure you can see the highwall image: a. Press CTRL-3 to show the Object Control Panel. c. Change the Transparency property of AIRPHOTO3PT.trn to 70.0. d. Click the Toggle Black/White icon on the Graphics toolbar to change the background to white. You should now be able to see the highwall image within the same area as the air photo.

In the image above, all three registered images are displayed in the 3D Design window with a white background and the main air photo image is displayed with 70% transparency.

Summary
Having displayed three different kinds of registered images you should now be able to have a basic concept of what a texture map is in Minex 5.3. Next, we will look at registering an aerial photographic image onto a topographic triangle surface.

Chapter 2 Registering and Displaying Images

Task: Display the DTM Triangle Surface
By doing this task, you select the digital terrain map (DTM) triangle surface and display it in the 3D design window. You must do this if you want to register an image on the surface. 1. Click Clear Graphics Window to clear the Graphics window .

2. If the background of the Graphics window is not white already, click the Toggle Black/White icon to switch it to white. Right-click AIRPHOTO3PT.tr5 in the Minex Explorer window and select Display and Open.

The triangle file opens in the Graphics window and a black tick appears beside its file name in the Minex Explorer window to show that it is open.

Task: Registering a Texture

You use the Register Texture function to overlay a picture on a triangulated surface. When the triangle file is open in the Graphics window, you can start to register textures.

1. From the Graphics menu, select Register Texture.

The buttons in the Register texture dialog box help you create and remove nodes, and zoom and pan an image. This button enables you to zoom and pan the image in the Register Texture dialog box.

create registration nodes.

remove registration nodes.

zoom to extents.

change the colour of existing nodes on the picture.

change the colour of new nodes.

Select the ASHES_AIRPHOTO.jpg image as the Image Input File. The Image Input File is the image you wish to map over your surface. Select the triangle file AIRPHOTO3PT.tr5; for the Triangle Input File. The Triangle Input File is the location of the triangulated surface. Display both the triangle file and the texture inside the Graphics window by docking the Register Texture dialog box (for example to the left or to the top):

a. Right-click in the tab on the lower left corner of the Register Texture dialog box. e. Select Dock View Info > Graphics > Left (or Dock View Info > Graphics > Top).

To map the texture, you must provide Minex with at least two points that map a point on the picture with the corresponding point on the triangulated surface. These are stored as Nodes in the Settings panel.
Tip: To increase the precision of the text map, select nodes on objects whose dimensions are less likely to change frequently. For example, road and buildings are better choices (for nodes) than dams or spoil piles.

To map the texture, repeat the following steps three times (each time specifying registration points that are diagonally as far away from each other as possible): a. Click the Digitize icon. f. In the air photo, click an easily identifiable point, for example the point where a road turns sharply right. g. In the Register Texture Coord dialog box, type the corresponding world coordinates if you know them. Otherwise click Digitise and on the red image, click the corresponding geographical location. h. Click OK.

When you have digitized registration nodes, they appear in the registration table.

Note:

You can right-click on the nodes to either delete or edit them. The Output File is the name of the .trn file to be generated. In the Output File field, type AIRPHOTO3PT_2.trn, and click OK. When the .trn file has been generated, a message appears Texture successfully registered.

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Refresh the ASHES folder in the Minex Explorer window. Clear the Graphics window and click Cancel in the Register Graphics dialog box. Right-click the output file you created and select Open.

The .TRN file is displayed in the Minex Graphics Window.

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Zoom in and rotate the view.

Task: Plot a Registered Image on a 2D Plan

1. If AIRPHOTO3PT_2.trn is not already open: a. Select the 3D Design tab. b. Open AIRPHOTO3PT_2.trn. i. Reset the display to the Normal view.

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j. Zoom out to extents. If THEDON.GM3 is not already open, open it. Create a 2D plan mount: a. From the Mount menu, select Plan and then Create. b. Click Dig beside the fields for the coordinates.

c.

Make sure that the Digitise option is set to X, Y + Z.

In the Graphics window, click where you want the lower left corner of the plan to be and then click where you want the top right corner to be. l. Click OK. m. Enter the name of the plan, for example Plan1 and then click OK. n. Click Cancel in the Plan Create dialog box. Show the registered image on the mount in a drafting window: a. On the Runtime tab, expand Mounts Control Panel. o. Right-click the mount you created and click Draft on Mount. p. On the Mounts menu, select Drafting and then Add Image. q. Click the ellipsis button, navigate to AIRPHOTO3PT.trn and click Select. r. Click OK and then click Cancel. To show a grid in the drafting window: a. From the Mounts menu, select Plan and then Coordinate Grid. b. Set the grid colour to grey. s. Click OK. You can then display other data on the plan such as borehole locations, and survey strings. To show borehole locations: a. Open the borehole database THEDON.B31. b. From the Mounts menu, select Plan and then Borehole Locations. c. Click OK in the Borehole Plan Locations dialog box and then click Cancel. To show survey strings: a. From the Mounts menu, select Plan and then Line Contour - Grid. b. Beside the Grid field, click the ellipsis button and navigate to the TOPS grid. c. Select the TOPS grid and click OK in the Select Grid dialog box. d. Enter appropriate intervals and colours for the contours. e. Click OK and then click Cancel.

k.

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To write a description on the plan: a. Display the Drafting toolbar. Click Draft Box Text. b. Type some text, for example 2D PLAN WITH AIRPHOTO, DTM CONTOURS AND BOREHOLES. c. Select the options to: make the font Arial, align the text in the centre and to display a box around the text. u. Drag in the black area below the plan and then click to create a text box. v. Move the pointer so that you can see a horizontal line and then click. The horizontal line indicates that the text will not be rotated. Save the geometry file THEDON.GM3 to keep the plan you have created. t.

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Summary
You should now understand how to register an image onto a 3D triangle surface and display the registered image in the 3D Design window.

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Chapter 3 Import of Seismic Sections

Overview
The following concepts are presented in this chapter: 1. Import and register a seismic section image Display the registered seismic section in the Minex 3D Design window and use it to generate seam structure data.

Requirements
Before performing the exercises in this chapter, you should: Have Minex 5.3 software installed and started on your computer Have these data files stored on your computer:

ASHES_SEISMIC1.tif. ASHES_SEISMIC.XYZ.
You can load these data files by installing the Texture Mapping data set and the Ashes data set.

Note:

Introduction: Importing and Registering a Seismic Section Image

A seismic section saved as an image (TIFF, JPG, GIF, PNG, etc.) can be imported into Minex and registered in 3D ready for display and use in seam structure modeling supplementing the use of borehole seam interval data. To import the image you need to have an XYZ file containing control points at nominated pixel rows along the top and bottom of the image. This XYZ data will normally be supplied by the seismic contractor or geophysicist who processed and interpreted the seismic reflection data. The XYZ data is a text file containing the following data in columns: X Y TR1 BR1 SP coordinate coordinate top elevation bottom elevation shot point number

Example file ASHES_SEISMIC.XYZ ;;X 258330.000 Y 6183490.000 TR1 850.000 BR1 225.000 SP 1

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259730.000 261130.000 263560.000

Note:

6183490.000 6183490.000 6183490.000

850.000 850.000 850.000

225.000 225.000 225.000

2 3 4

line 1 is a comment line and as such starts with 2 semi-colons.

The following task is based on a typical workflow:

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Task: Import and Register a Seismic Section Image

1. From the File menu, select Import and then Seismic XYZ to textured triangle.

Now enter the name of the XYZ and image files ASHES_SEISMIC.XYZ and ASHES_SEISMIC.TIF in the appropriate input boxes. Also enter the name of the Textured Triangle output file to be generated ASHES_SEISMICT1.trn and the corresponding triangle file ASHES_SEISMIC-T1.tr5.

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The seismic image should now be displayed.

Now drag the blue box over the image to define the area of the image covered by the XYX coordinates listed in the XYZ file.

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Click OK to create the registered seismic section image file ASHES_SEISMIC-T1.trn and the corresponding triangle file ASHES_SEISMIC-T1.tr5. The following message will be displayed if the registration was successful:

To view the registered image, right-click on the file ASHES_SEISMIC-T1.trn in the Minex Explorer window and select Open.
Note: Because the section is vertical viewing it in plan will result in a blank screen, so to view it you will have to rotate the image from the default plan view.

Summary
You should now be able to register and display a seismic section image in Minex 5.3. Next, we will look at transforming a 3D Sirovision image of a highwall into a registered textured triangle surface which can be used to capture geological mapping data from the highwall photographic detail.

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Chapter 4 Displaying Sirovision Highwall Images

Overview
The following concepts are presented in this chapter: 1. Transforming a 3D Sirovision image of a highwall into a registered texture map. Display the registered highwall image in the Minex 3D Design window and use it to generate seam structure data.

Requirements
Before performing the exercises in this chapter, you should have these data files stored on your computer: ASHES_HW_3D Image.tif.

Task: Saving a Sirovision 3D Image as a Registered Triangle Image

1. To convert a 3D Sirovision image into a Minex 5.3 registered triangle image, right-click the Sirovision tif file (ASHES_HW_3D_Image.tif) in the Minex Explorer window and select Save Tif as Triangle.

The Save Tif as Triangle dialog box is displayed. Enter the triangle file name ASHES_HW_3D_Image-0.trn and click OK.

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Two files are created: the registration file ASHES_HW_3D Image-0.trn and the corresponding triangle file ASHES_HW_3D Image-0.tr5. After you have converted the Sirovision 3D tif into a Minex 5.3 registered image and corresponding triangle file, you can now display the image in the 3D Design window with other Minex data so that you can use the highwall image for checking models or digitising geological data such as faults or boundaries of seam roofs or floors. To display the registered highwall image right-click on the file ASHES_HW_3D Image-0.trn in the Minex Explorer window and select Open.

You can now view other Minex data in the 3D Design window and start using the highwall image to validate seam models and add additional geological data such as seam floor /roof boundaries and faults using the detail on the highwall image. Open the UDBSSR.grid file in the Minex Explorer window. Display boreholes: a. From the Borehole menu, select Plot and then select Borehole Display. b. Click OK.

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Summary
You should now be able to register and display a Sirovision highwall image in Minex 5.3. Next, we will look at texturing design surfaces such as ramps and spoil pile surfaces using the texture tiling facilities in Minex 5.3.

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Chapter 5 Registering and Displaying Textures on Surfaces

Overview
The following concepts are presented in this chapter: 1. Tiling of a repeat texture, such as a rock texture, onto a design surface such as a spoil pile. Displaying a tiled textured surface in the 3D Design window.

Requirements
Before performing the exercises in this chapter, you should have these data files stored on your computer: SPOIL2.TR5 spoil pile design triangle file. ROCK_TEXTURE.JPG a JPEG image of a sandstone texture.

Task: Registering a Repeatable (Tiled) Texture Image onto a Design Surface

1. Display the spoil pile design triangle surface SPOIL2.tr5 in the 3D Design window by selecting the Triangle Display command, choosing the solid plot style and clicking Colour Shade.

Click Setup and calculate the range of values for 10 colours starting at colour 15 using every 20th colour and then press Ok.

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Click Ok in the Triangle Display dialog box to display the spoil2.tr5 surface in the 3D Design window. From the Graphics menu, select Register Texture. Select the Image Input File: Rock_texture.jpg and the Triangle Input File: SPOIL2.tr5.

To map the texture: a. Click the Digitize icon. w. In the rock texture image, click a point in the lower left corner.
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x. y.

In the Register Texture Coord dialog box, click Digitise and on the spoil2 image, click a geographic location on its southern end. Click Ok.

Click a second point at the top right corner of the rock texture. In the Register Texture Coord dialog box click Digitise and on the spoil2 image, click a geographic location, on the spoil2 image, to the north east of the first point and click Ok. The distance between the two points determines the size of each of the rock texture tiles that are repeated to cover the whole of the spoil2 surface. bb. Type an output file name (for example spoil_tile) for the resulting registration file and click OK. A message box displays the message: Texture Successfully Registered. cc. Click Ok and then click Cancel in the Register Texture dialog box. You are now ready to display the registered surface with the rock texture.

z. aa.

Task: Display the Textured Spoil Pile Design Surface

Display the registered spoil pile design triangle surface spoil_tile.trn in the 3D Design window 1. Clear the Graphics window .

Refresh the project directory in the Minex Explorer and open the spoil_tile.trn file.

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Summary
After completing this texture mapping tutorial you should: Know what texture map is. Be able to register an image to a triangle surface. Be able to show a registered image in 3D and on plan along with other Minex data.

This texture mapping tutorial is designed to help you to register and display texture images such as aerial photos correctly. It is not designed as a training aid and should not be considered as a substitute for training. Your local support office will also have access to additional training aids and can help you with advice on your particular training needs. Visit http://www.gemcomsoftware.com to locate your nearest support office.

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