Evaluating the Performance of VM/SP Systems with SAS

Peter L. Jobusch, SAS Institute Inc.

This report describes a system of SAS
programs for first level analysis of CP Monitor
data collected by the VM/SP operating system.
This self-contained system calculates a complete
range of standard performance variables and
archives them for further SAS based capacity
planning analysis.
Before discussing specific examples of how SAS
can be used to evaluate the performance of a
VM/SP computer system, let us see what data
are available from which we may extract
performance information.
CP monitor data
VM/SP Release 2 trace table recording
CP accounting records
VM Realtime Monitor (SMART, 5796-PNA)
CPWATCH, etc. on the Waterloo tape
A description of CP monitor data is in Appendix
C "VM/sP Monitor Tape Format and Content" of
the IBM V M I S P ~ System Programmer's Guide.
Appendix C is particularly useful because it
describes the data fields and gives a cross
reference between the variable name in the
DSECT and the name of the CP variable stored
in the records. In the IBM VMISP: Dota Areas
and Control Block Logic the DSECTS describing
the records are listed.
CP Monitor data collection can be controlled in
two ways. The SYSMON macro in the DMKSYS
file establishes the default parameters for
automatic monitoring, and the CP MONITOR
command can ,be used by a privileged user to
dynamically alter the classes of data being
collected, and to manually control the data
collection process. The SYSMON macro is
documented in the IBM VM/SP: Planning and
System Generation Guide while th.e IBM VM/SP:
System Programmer's Guide and the IBM VM/SP:
Operator's Guide document Use of the MONITOR
command.
Copyright 1982 by SAS Institute Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United
States of America. No part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission
of the publisher, SAS Institute Inc.
SAS is the registered trademark of SAS
Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.
SAS/GRAPHTM is a trademark of SAS Institute
Inc.
27
The CP Trace Table Recording Facility is a new
feature of VM/SP Release 2. The facility,
using the CPTRAP command, creates a spool file
of selected entries from the CP trace table, and
records written throu9h special interfaces to
this facility in both CP and from virtual
machines. While it is designed primarily as a
diagnostic tool to assist Field Engineering and
system programmers in problem determination,
the contents of the trace table could be used
for detailed analysis of specific performance
problems as well. The trace table recording
facility J the CPTRAP command which controls
the data collection, and the CMS TRAPRED
command to display the data for problem
determination purposes are documented in the
IBM VM/SP: System Programmer's Guide and the
IBM VM/SP: Operator's Guide.
At the opposite end of the spectrum from the
tremendous detail available from trace table
recording are the global views of the system
recorded in the CP accounting data. While the
accounting records do not contain enough detail
for direct use in performance tuning, they do
serve as a source of information on average
system loads useful for projecting future
growth. The primary source of information
about CP accounting files is the IBM VM/SP:
System Programmer's Guide.
A fourth source of performance data are the
records produced by the VM Realtime Monitor
(an IUP available from IBM, more popularly
known as SMART). While SMART's emphasis is
on realtime performance problem diagnosis, it
can produce automatic hardcopy output of
summary displays, and can spool a display to a
virtual reader for offline problem analysis.
Because SMART runs in a virtual machine and
uses the DIAGNOSE command to examine real
storage it can collect data not available in the
CP monitor records.
Finally J do not overlook software on the SHARE
tape from the University of Waterloo. In
situations where other data sou rces are
inadequate there may be a program on the tape
which could be used as distributed, or serve as
a model for locally developed software to meet
special needs. A good example of software
available from this source is the CPWATCH real
time monitor.
While all of the above can provide valuable data
to our performance evaluation activity, we will
concentrate on the reduction of CP monitor
data. CP monitor data contains the information
needed for normal analysis, and can be
collected easily and with little overhead. The
raw data are, however, useless without a good
deal of processing because of the volume of
data collected and the need for combining data
from several record types across a time interval
in order to produce meaningful information.
There are a number of important factors
favoring the use of SAS as the tool to choose
for YM/SP performance a n a ~ y s i s . First, SAS is
a very high level language with both the power
to process the relatively complicated CP Monitor
data formats and a large library of procedures
for statistical analysis, graphic presentation of
results, and time-series forecasting. Second,
SAS has become the standard language for
performance analysis of MVS based systems,
facilitating the pooling of information in
mixed-SCP environments. And finally,
beginning with release 79.6 of CMS SAS, a
library of VM/SP performance analysis software
is supplied with the system.
The availability of first level performance
measu rement software in SAS gives the VM user
community a base from which to build flexible
tools for detailed performance evaluation and
capacity planning systems tuned to local needs.
The high level, self-documenting, nature of the
SAS language offers not only improved
productivity for the individual performance
analyst, but also facilitates the interchange of
programs among users.
Appendix A contains examples of the reports
available from the programs distributed as part
of CMS SAS. These are briefly described
below:
The first report is a simple summary page,
produced during the first phase of data
reduction by the MONDATA SAS program. It
displays various fields from the CP Monitor
header records and record counts for the
different types of records found in the input
file. The second report is produced by PROC
MEANS a'nd shows a number of descriptive
statistics for each variable in the SAS data set
CURR.MONDATA1. These same variables are
also stored in CURR.MONAVGEO, averaged on a
10 minute interval throughout the sampling
period. The MONTREND data library
(MONTREND.MEANS, MONTREND.MAXIMA, and
MONTREND.MINIMA) contains the daily means.
maxima, and minima for this same set of
variables.
1. SAS uses the notation ODname.Membername
to refer to specific SAS data sets, I n the
OS version of SAS, the DOname refers to
the DO statement defining the SAS data
library, a di rectly accessed OS data set that
may contain severai logical SAS data sets,
or members. In eMS SAS, DDname refer:;
to the CMS filetype of the files in a SAS
data library, and the Membername is the
CMS filename. For example, SAS would
refer to the eMS file MARY SMITH as
SMITH.MARY.
28
The next report summarizes resource utilization
by userid. The information shown in the
report is saved in the SAS file
CURR,MONUSER. PROC SORT can be used in
conjunction with PROC PRINT to produce this
report sorted by any variable.
The report of 1/0 activity in the system is
produced by a SAS DATA step, MONIO SAS.
This information is saved in the CURR.MONIO
data set.
Next is an example of the type of
cross-tabulation which can be generated with
two SAS statements. This report shows a
breakdown of privileged instruction use for
each userid active during the collection of class
5 CP Monitor records.
The plots which follow illustrate the type of
output one can produce on either line printers
or (with SAS/GRAPHUI!) on any of a variety of
presentation quality graphics devices.
The CP Monitor analysis software included with
CMS SAS is not intended to be a total
performance analysis and capacity planning
package. The SAS prog rams on the
distribution tape are a combination of a complete
system for first level analysis and examples of
more detailed analysis programs. The strength
of this software is its providing ready access to
the full range of standard performance data
from SAS which allows the performance analyst
to develop tools to fit local needs, merging data
from a variety of sources to create an
integrated system.
Because of space limitations this paper is a
greatly reduced version of the material
distributed at SUGI. To receive a copy of all
43 pages of the handout materials contact the
Technical Support division of SAS Institute.

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I 8:88 I 8:88 I I 8:38 I 8:88 I 8:88 I I I 8:g8 I 8:88 I
---------.--------.o.--------... --------.o.--------... --------+ ________ .o. ________ .o. ________ .o. ________ .o. ________ +
)()()OOOO()( I 74 I , I 0 I 0 I 0 I 307 I 151 I 0 I 1 I 1 I
I 0.21 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.88 I 1.01 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I
I 10.07 I I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 41.71 I 41.76 I 0.00 I 0.14 I 0.14 I
r 0.35 I lO.OO I 0.00 r 0.00 I 0.00 I 8.22 r 3.89 t 0.00 I 0.27 I 0.25 I
---------+--------+--------... --------.o.--------.o.--------+ ________ .o. ________ .o. ________ ... ________ .o. ________ +
JOOOOOO<X I 0.08 I 0.08 I 0.08 1 0.08 1 0.08 I 0.08 1 I 0.08 I 0.08 I 0.08 I
I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 100.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I
I 0.00 r 0.00 I G.oo I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.96 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I
---------+--------+--------+--------+--------.o.--------+ ________ + ________ .o. ________ .o. ________ + ________ +
JOOOOOO<X I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 0 I 3 I 2 I 0 I 0 I 16 I
I 0.00 I o.ou I o.uo I 0.00 I 0.00 I G.Ol I 0.01 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.05 I
I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 111.29 I 9.52 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 76.19 I
I 0.00 I 0.00 I G.oo I 0.00 I 0.00 I G.08 I 0.02 I 0.00 I 0.00 I 3.95 I
---------+--------.o.--------+--------+--------.o.--------+ ________ ... ________ + ________ + ________ .o. ________
TOTAL 21013 5 32 21 176 3737 9029 2 370 1105
60.40 0.01 0.09 0.G6 0.51 10.74 25.95 0.01 1.06 1.16
TOTAL
"
0.06
"
0.06
1085
3. 12
1934

1867
5.31
"
0.23
'"
l.l1
"
0.25
"
0.06
\/M/310 MOIUTOR DATA COLLECTED FOR 4341-02 SERIAL 999999 FROM 10/11/82 09:00:00 THRU 11:00:00
I
I
+
1
80.00 +
I
!
70.00 ...
I
I
60.00 +
I
I
50.00 ...
I
!
+
i
I
,
30.00 +
I
i
20.00 +
I
,
i
10.00 +
i
I
I
0.00 +
$
s
s


s



PLOT or ACTlVE+TOD SYMBOL USED IS.
PLOl Of LOCCEO"TOO SYMBOL USED IS $
$ $$ $ $$ $ $$ $ $$ $ $$ $
. ....
.. .












.. eo.





Ss
-
--------------+-----------------------------.o.---------____________________ + _____________________________ .o. _____ _
9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00
TIME OF DAY
31
VM/310 DATA COLLECTW fOR 1i341-o:i! SERIAL 999999 fROM 10/11/82 09:00:00 THRU 17:()0:0()
PERCENTAGE BAR CHART
MIDPOlliT
QISEC AVG SECS IN 111+El BETIIEEN
D.OOl
0.004

0.010
0.015
0.025

0.060
0.100
0.150

0.400
0.600
1.000
1.')00
500
4.000
5.000
10.000
15.000
I
I
,.
j
I .. .... ..
1_ .. .. .. ... ,
, ........... _ ............... ** ........................ .
1_ ... .. .. ..
1 .. ........ .. _ ......... ..
I .. ... ..
1 .. - ,
I"""
I ..
,
,
I
I
,
I
----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---
6 e 10 14 16 Ie
PERCENTAGE
fR[Q CUM. PERCENT CUH.
o
o
o
,
..
'"
'"
"
"
"
"
"

o
o
o
o
o
FREQ PERCENT
o
o
o

"
"
",
'"
'"
'"
..,
'"
'"
07
'"
'"
07.
'"
07.
0.00
O.O()
0.00
0.21
0.63
1.88
9.21
<'0.9;?
25.H
11.99
10.116
6.01
3.97
2.09
0.B4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.84
2.12

32.85
58.58
76.51
8r .OJ
93.1(;
97.07
99.16
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
Effect of Total CPU Utilization and Paging Rate
on VM Resource Availability
AAl

1.00
.E
--------------------------------------------100000
CPU Util.
.33
Pages/SeCOnd
Data Collected 10/11/82
32
Number of eMS Users Each Weekday
............
120
to.
o.
o.
4.
2.
1 2 3 8 7 B 9 10 13 15 18 17 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 29 30 DAV
f-------- Septellbel" ---------1 MONTH
LEGEND: USERS
eMS User Load Throughout the Day
9: 00 11: 00 13: 00 15: 00 17: 00
Time of OillY
LEGEND: USERS -- Active -- Logged On
33