Sie sind auf Seite 1von 8

2

X2

12

12

=
1400

-25

-20

X Y -20 572 -19 506 -18 444 -17 386 -16 332 -15 282 -14 236 -13 194 -12 156 -11 122 -10 92 -9 66 -8 44 -7 26 -6 12 -5 2 -4 -4 -3 -6 -2 -4 -1 2 0 12 1 -15 26 2 44 3 66 4 92 5 122 6 156 7 194 8 236 9 282 10 332 11 386 12 444 13 506 14 572 15 642 16 716 17 794 18 876 19 962 20 1052 21 1146

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0 -10 -5 -200 0 5 10 15 20

We have een seen two tow operations.S operations: hifting to the shifting left orthe right parabola and lifitng to right up or or down left [along in the the vertical X axis] direction. and shifting i Scaling

This operation contracts or parabola. expands the Take the basic parabola again: y = x.x Let us multiply with a constant k Y = k x.x Take k= 2 Y = 2 x.x Form atable: X Y=2.x.x y = x.x 3 18 9 2 8 4 1 2 1 0 0 0 -1 2 1 -2 8 4 -3 18 9

Y = 2 x.x and Y = x.x


20 18 16 14 12 10 8

This parabola is narrower when compared to y=x.x

6 4 2 0

-4

-2

Next, let us plot the graph graph Y= of kx.x of where k=1/2 Form a Table: X Y=0.5*x*x y=x.x 3 4.5 9 2 2 4 1 0.5 1 0 0 0 -1 0.5 1 -2 2 4 -3 4.5 9

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -4 -2 0 2 4

This parabola, is wider than y=x.x scaling factor. General Equation for Parabola

Now you see the effect of k on the shape.'k' is called the shape facto

We can now write the equation general for the Parabola: Y = a (X - h )(X - h) + k Here the scaling factor is 'a' The parabola vertex has the at the point (h,k) You have seen how this general is constructed.Keep equation this equation always in mind you handle parabolas. Do-it-yourself Exercises You must practise drawing different parabolas using the generalequation.

1 y = (x -1)^2+2 2 y= (x+1)^2 + 2

3 y= -(x+1)^2 - 3 4 y= -(x-3)^2 +3 5 y = 3(x+1)^2 +2 6 y= -2(x-1)^2 +2 The standard Equation for Parabola Well..we started with the simple basic equation for a parabola: Y = X.X Then we did three operations--translation or shifting along x axis; translation or shifting along Y axis or lifitng the parabola up or down and scaling,multiplying with a constant to change the shape of the parabola. We arrived at the general equation: Y = a (x-h)(x-h) + k With this we can plot any kind of parabola. We seem to have lost our way in these manipulative exercises-shifting and scaling. What is the standard equation for the parabola? Y = a + b X + c X.X How do we get this from the general equation of parabola given here. This is simple. Y = a (x -h)^2 + k Expanding the first term Y=a : (x.x - 2h.x + h.h) + k Y= ax.x - 2ha.x + ah.h+k Now we can see thatd the form standard emerges. from emerges: Take the example: y=3(x+1)^2 +2 y= 3(x.x+2x+1) + 2 y= 3x.x +6x +3+2 y= 3x.x+6x +5y= 5 + 6x+3x.x Comparing with standard from: b=6 a=5 c=3 What about the reverse process? Take the equation: y = 2x.x + 4x + 5 a=2 b=4 b=-2ha=4 h=-1 h.h=1 ahh=2 ahh+k=5 k=3 Now we have found a=2 h=-1 k=3 The general equation can be written; y= 2(x+1)^2+3 Another method is completing the sqaure: y= 2xx+4x +5 y= 2(xx+2x ) +5 y=2(xx +2x +1)-2+5 y= 2(x+1)^2 +3

Therefore there is no difference between the general equation for the parabola and the standard quadratic equation! Do-it-yourself problems 1 Convert this n equation into general inot n equation general and equation and find th the vertex. and find the apex and scaling factor for the parabola: y= xx+6x+9 y= 2x.x+8x+12

Summary We started with y=x.x and modified by translation along x axis and y axis and scaling . We also the saw parabola that a can the be can pressed parabola ex ebexpressed in the can standard bein instandard form: form of quadratic equation and also as an equation for The standard form: Y= a =bx+cxx The general equation for parabola: Y = a(x-h)(x-h) + k Note: This tutorial and others are based on my extensive tutoring expereince at Palo at Altoo, Palo California. Alto,Ca Send your feedback and your suggestions.

2 2 X

12 6

X X

12 6

= =

0 0

X2 X

25

wn in the vertical direction.

Y=2.x.x y = x.x

Y=0.5*x*x y=x.x

or

when

andard quadratic equation!

o, California.

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen