Labayog, Glen Norwel M.

Gabatin, Bennazir Joy List applications of Titration in the field of Medical Technology Titration fundamentally has two distinct meanings in both the scientific and medical spheres. In science it is a method used in the laboratory to analyze samples while in medicine titration can refer to the process of reducing a patient's dose gradually until they are healed. In the scientific world, and particularly in chemistry it is the process of finding a concentration of certain reactants in solutions. Because of this functionality, titration is also known as volumetric analysis, due to a heavy reliance on the measurement of volume and concentration. The process can be quite complicated; put simply titration involves taking an agent of unknown concentration and adding it to a solution. The agent is often known as the titrant and the purpose of adding it to a solution is to create a measurable reaction with the unknown agent. This method enables the scientist or technician to find the exact concentration of the unknown agent, also known as the analyte. The concentration of the analyte however will not be found until the reaction has finished, in most cases this ascertained by measuring the pH of the solution, a neutral pH indicates a terminated reaction. In addition, scientists often add an indicator to the solution that will change colour to give an assessable endpoint to the reaction. This method is used both in the chemical and medical spheres. This indicator method gives scientists and technicians a tangible result to the process. The use of these indicators is sufficiently sophisticated for the purpose of the experiment. In an acidic based solution the indicators are sophisticated enough to indicate a change to any pH level. It is not always needed however to include an indicator in the reactant, in some cases the reaction itself will indicate when it has reached its endpoint, for instance some reactants will turn clear or change colour when the reaction has ceased. Titration can only occur if both the titrant and analyte are in a liquid state of matter. If either is in a solid state, for example a powder, they must first be dissolved into a neutral liquid in order to be used in the titration process. At this stage it may also be necessary to dilute the agents if the concentration is too high; this will normally be done to control the potency of the reaction. All measurements require a great deal of accuracy; many would argue a mathematical level of accuracy. This is because the results of titration experiments are usually highly important and have huge implications to either a patient or a chemical process. In terms of the practicalities of the process the lab technician will normally take a beaker which contains an exact amount of a known reactant and indicator. Then the titrant will be added, again the amount of this agent will be carefully measured and usually added from a cylinder with a tap from above, by doing this an exact amount can be added to the solution. As long as the indicator has been selected correctly then the experiment will reveal how much of the titrant is needed to neutralize the solution. In most cases the results will be shown in a graph; for the experiment to be successful this graph should match a uniform curve. There are a large number of applications and uses for titration results in chemistry and science more generally. In addition it is often used in the development of drugs for medical use. Without the knowledge to conduct the process it is doubtful that as many drugs and solutions we all use regularly would be as widely available as they are today.

Titration is a way to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. Titration is used every day in applications like medicine, food, science and even pool and aquarium maintenance. It is used to test for amounts of salt, sugar, water, and acids in food, as well as to decide if wine and cheese are ready for consumption. Titration is used to test the pH and concentrations of chemicals in aquariums and swimming pools. It is also the process used by diabetics to monitor their glucose levels, and in tests to check for pregnancy. That by the help of titration the extracted and tested blood will be determined if it is acidic or basic. Titration is a method used commonly in chemistry laboratories and classrooms, which uses a solution of a known concentration to analyze and determine the unknown concentration of a second solution. Many times, the solution whose properties are known is a base, meaning it has a pH value of more than seven, while the unknown solution is an acid, meaning its pH is below seven. A typical titration involves the gradual addition of the base to the acidic solution, until a neutral pH of 7 is reached, or until a pH indicator turns a certain color, indicating that a certain other known pH has been reached. Titration can only be done with aqueous solutions of compounds. A textbook setup for an acid-base titration involves the solution of known concentration, called the titrant, suspended in a burette above a flask containing the unknown solution, or titrand. The buret is a calibrated vertical tube with a stopcock at the bottom of it, to regulate the flow of the titrant into the flask. The stopcock on the buret is opened, allowing the titrant to drip into the flask. When the titrant is carefully controlled, it is easy to tell at what point the pH indicator in the acid changes color, marking the end of this stage of the experiment. One important purpose is to titrate the dose of certain medications when discontinuing the medicine. This means to gradually decrease the dosage or amount of the drug so the body slowly adjusts to the change, thereby decreasing the incidence symptoms and side effects that my result from the withdrawal of the drug. Medical Uses Pharmacists use titration to achieve a desired mix of compound drugs. Doctors will often employ titration to determine the correct proportion of different medicines in an intravenous drip. Titration is also used to monitor blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes, as well as in pregnancy tests and other applications of urinalysis tested by Medical Technologist.