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Training Vs Development:
Training may be described as an endeavour aimed to improve or develop additional competency or skills in an employee on the job one currently holds in order to increase the performance or productivity. Technically training involves change in attitude, skills or knowledge of a person with the resultant improvement in the behaviour. For training to be effective it has to be a planned activity conducted after a thorough need analysis and target at certain competencies, most important it is to be conducted in a learning atmosphere. Development implies opportunities created to help employees grow. It is more of long term or futuristic in nature as opposed to training, which focus on the current job. It also is not limited to the job avenues in the current organisation but may focus on other development aspects also. At Goodyear, for example, employees are expected to mandatorily attend training program on presentation skills however they are also free to choose a course on perspectives in leadership through literature. Whereas the presentation skills program helps them on job, the literature based program may or may not help them directly.
The major difference between training and development therefore is that while training focuses often on the current employee needs or competency gaps, development concerns itself with preparing people for future assignments and responsibilities.
standard of performance. The individual analysis is also conducted through questionnaires, 360 feedback, personal interviews etc. Likewise, many organisation use competency ratings to rate their managers; these ratings may come from their subordinates, customers, peers, bosses etc. Apart from the above mentioned organisations also make use of attitude surveys, critical Incidents and Assessment surveys to understand training needs which will be discussed in detail in other articles.
Training Methods
Informational Training Methods Informational training methods are basically used to teach facts and figures and for developing a change in attitude. There is a one way communication between the trainer and the trainee that involves the transfer of information without many deliberations. New policies, programs, code of conduct are transferred using informational training methods. Lectures, audio visuals, self directed learning (SDL) methods, programmed instruction (PI) and independent study are some of the informational training methods Experiential Training Methods Experiential training is a whole body of training methods that are used to develop behavioural skills and physical abilities. Experiential learning is also called as learning by doing and the training involves a two way interaction unlike the informational training methods which are more of one sided. Here the major focus is not just mere transfer of facts and figures but development of skills in the participants, which may or not be the case in informational training.
Role playing, equipment simulations, games, on the job training (OJT), behaviour modelling, case analysis and computer based training are some of the experiential learning methods that can be used to deliver a training session. Let us take the example of sales training. When sales training is imparted to the life insurance marketing people, they are introduced to policies and procedures and later asked to remember the same. These policies and procedures are unquestionable most of the time and the information flow is unidirectional, with the help of informational training methods. Whereas when it comes to developing sales skills in individuals, simulation games and role plays are used when there is two way communication between the facilitator and the participants.
Medium technical skill: The Power Sector Skilled Manpower needs cover Vocational jobs which are in great shortage. The ITIs & ITCs lack the training infrastructure to match the fast changing Industry requirements. The sluggish government Infrastructure by the time, it thinks to upgrade any training facility by a notch, the Industry requirements quite often would have gone up by 3-4 notches. Low technical skill: Low Skilled jobs are by contractual workers or by sub-contractors
Soft Skill Requirements: In the last few years, the number of Skill development Institutes, Engineering colleges, business schools and enrolments has gone up in India. There is demand & Supply gap felt in the power sector whether by the people and industry and yet Industry is not getting what they require in terms of qualitative inputs Industry requires from the new entrants to the Industry. Communication skills ability to effectively communicate and productively contribute in developing an Harmonious environment in the organization and also with the customers Lifelong learning (LLL) For fast technological change and expansion plans of the Organisation , willingness to continuously learn, Problem solving Managing information capability, provide support through documentation appropriate for the official requirement and knowledge of contemporary developments, identifying problems and suggesting solutions Professionalism Appreciating and remaining committed to professional, social and ethical responsibilities, observing professional discipline and considerate about the impact of workplace on local and global context. Teamwork ability to function in multidisciplinary and multicultural teams as member/leader and promote dynamic working relationships and outcomes. Updating oneself Self Learning: the ability to keep on updating through web is a provider of the latest practices that might be productive for ones work place
behind any training need identification process. It should ideally be a long-term process of encouraging employees to take an active involvement in their own development, thus increasing their commitment to learning, to their work, and to the organization as a whole. Identification of training needs is done at three levels to ascertain three kinds of needs: Organisational Needs These concern the performance of the organisation as a whole. Here identification of training needs is done to find out whether the organisation is meeting its current performance standards and objectives and if not, exploring ways in which training or learning might help it to do so. Sometimes organisational training needs are also identified when the organisation decides that it has to adopt a major new strategy, create a new product or service, undergo a large-scale change programme, or develop significant new relationships, such as joining with others to form new partnerships. Group Needs Since working in groups and teams have become very much prevalent in today's corporate world that is why nowadays there is increased emphasis given on team effectiveness and team performance. So training needs are nowadays even identified at the group level. Training needs here are concerned basically with the performance of a particular group, which may be a team, department, function, sub-unit, or so on. Information about this group's performance may identify areas of need - which, again, may be for training or other interventions. It is used to find out how efficiently a particular team or group goes about its business and meets its current objectives. Individual Needs These concern the performance of one or more individuals (as individuals, rather than as members of a group). Here identification of training needs is about finding out to what extent individuals need to learn or be trained in order to bring their current performance up to the required level as a result of changes in methods and processes that call for new competencies and skills.
Knowledge sharing sessions: This is a platform where employees are encouraged to study the topic they like or interested in and then present it in front of colleagues. So that other can be benefited from this knowledge sharing. These topics can be technical or general abstract topics
On Job training
The most frequently used method in smaller organizations that is on the job training. This method of training uses more knowledgeable, experienced and skilled employees, such as mangers, supervisors to give training to less knowledgeable, skilled, and experienced employees. OJT can be delivered in classrooms as well. This type of training often takes place at the work place in informal manner. On the job Training is characterized by following points. 1. It is done on ad-hoc manner with no formal procedure, or content 2. At the start of training, or during the training, no specific goals or objectives are developed 3. Trainers usually have no formal qualification or training experience for training 4. Training is not carefully planned or prepared 5. The trainers are selected on the basis of technical expertise or area knowledge Formal OJT programs are quite different from informal OJT. These programs are carried out by identifying the employees who are having superior technical knowledge and can effectively use one-to-one interaction technique. The procedure of formal on the job training program is: 1. The participant observes a more experienced, knowledgeable, and skilled trainer (employee) 2. The method, process, and techniques are well discussed before, during and after trainer has explained about performing the tasks 3. When the trainee is prepared, the trainee starts performing on the work place. 4. The trainer provides continuing direction of work and feedback 5. The trainee is given more and more work so that he accomplishes the job flawlessly
Job Rotation
For managers being developed for executive roles, rotation to different functions in the company is regular carried out. This approach allows the manger to operate in diverse roles and understand the different issues that crop up. If someone is to be a corporate leader, they must have this type of training. A recent study indicated that the single most significant factor that leads to leaders achievement was the variety of experiences in different departments, business units, cities, and countries. An organized and helpful way to develop talent for the management or executive level of the organization is job rotation. It is the process of preparing employees at a lower level to replace someone at the next higher level. It is generally done for the designations that are crucial for the effective and efficient functioning of the organization. Some of the major benefits of job rotation are: 1. It provides the employees with opportunities to broaden the horizon of knowledge, skills, and abilities by working in different departments, business units, functions, and countries 2. Identification of Knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) required
3. It determines the areas where improvement is required 4. Assessment of the employees who have the potential and caliber for filling the position
Mentoring:
Mentoring is a powerful personal development and empowerment tool. It is an effective way of helping people to progress in their careers and is becoming increasing popular as its potential is realised. It is a partnership between two people (mentor and mentee) normally working in a similar field or sharing similar experiences. It is a helpful relationship based upon mutual trust and respect A mentor is a guide who can help the mentee to find the right direction and who can help them to develop solutions to career issues. Mentors rely upon having had similar experiences to gain an empathy with the mentee and an understanding of their issues. Mentoring provides the mentee with an opportunity to think about career options and progress. A mentor should help the mentee to believe in herself and boost her confidence. A mentor should ask questions and challenge, while providing guidance and encouragement. Mentoring allows the mentee to explore new ideas in confidence. It is a chance to look more closely at yourself, your issues, opportunities and what you want in life. Mentoring is about becoming more self-aware, taking responsibility for your life and directing your life in the direction you decide, rather than leaving it to chance.
Simulation
As we have seen that technical skills set required in power industry is very high along with this technology is changing on day to day basis. Due to this you cannot expect employees to learn from experience. So Power sector uses Simulator trainings to train their employees. Under this simulator training critical operations in power plant are simulated and employees are tested against their application of technical skills in emergencies. Tata power has its own 250MW and 500MW simulator in house in Trombay so that they can train their employee easily.
AGMDGM
Under these various programs employees are exposed to Regulatory concepts, CSR aspects, Financial Concepts, Leadership skills, Goal setting, Handling issues regarding Union/ Officers Advantages 1. Advance your strategic decision making capabilities to think faster and more creatively about current competitive strategies and solutions 2. Deepen understanding of organizational dynamics to improve the design and implementation of new initiatives and avoid destructive conflicts 3. Build capabilities for leading cross-border teams across functions and countries. 4. Develop knowledge in core areas of business, including finance, marketing, management, and strategy based on current research and best practice 5. Put your knowledge and skills to the test in a custom strategy simulation that incorporates program content, sustainability issues, and teamwork
A large training infrastructure with state of the art classrooms has been set up in Mumbai and similar infrastructure is planned in other Regional hubs as well. Various training methodologies are used for imparting learning such as instructor led training, experiential learnings, simulation based learning, activity oriented learning, elearning , case study based approach etc. Systematic role-based learning maps have been defined on the basis of which various programs related to product, process, skill, competency, behavioral, and leadership are designed and mapped to respective individuals. Their induction and handholding itself starts with a structured On the-job Training (OJT) to acclimatize the individual to the Kotak products/ processes/ culture and ensure a smooth transition into the organization there on-line learning portal SMILE gives ample learning opportunities to employees and hosts several hundred modules for self development and certifications. They also have tie-ups with various external institutions and renowned Indian and Global BSchools where several customized training programs aligned to their competency framework are conducted to upskill their talent in various skill sets
Other than formal and structured training interventions, their leaders and managers continuously provide informal mentoring to their team members to groom them for growth and larger roles. With the organizations inherent belief in investing in people, their learning and development initiatives continue to grow year on year and contribute significantly to the quality of there talent.
Strongly focused on achieving their short and long term organizational and financial goals. An opportunity to work with industry leaders and be one of them.
Being participative and inclusive in their decisionInvolvement/making, with the responsibility to be involved in this consultative process. An environment where employees are constantly stretched and challenged to give their best. An ability to create business opportunities and run them as entrepreneurs, within broadly defined parameters.
Dedicated induction program along with two weeks on-the-job training for front line-hires Employees are assessed for potential (linked to their competency framework) and specific development plans are drawn up for them. 60% of their open positions over the last five years have been met through role enhancements provided to employees. Employees on outsourced rolls or trainees are given the opportunity for entry level rolls into the Bank with 5% of this pool comprising the total hires There internal job posting program, Kotak Fast Track also a widely used platform by employees to seek role movements. All open positions (except entry level) advertised through this platform across Kotak Group Performance of all employees is tracked regularly and both stars and stalwarts are moved across businesses to encourage cross functional exposure and Talent Fungibility Employees are informally mentored by manager/ leaders & groomed to take on larger roles/ assignments.
Recognition And Career Enhancement (RACE) is once such program that is aimed at the entire Sales force of the Bank. It is a time-bound, automatic, transparent and structured program based on performance.
RACE - Recognition And Career Enhancement works on four basic principles of Passion, Pride, Progress and Prosperity
Passion to Perform Pride in belonging to a winning team Path to Progress in your Career Prosperity in your life through attractive rewards and growth
Hall of FLAME- Rewarding the Right Behavior as per there Value System Kotak is firmly grounded and guided by their core values and employee value proposition and believe in rewarding employees (through programs like Hall of FLAME) for exhibiting the right behaviors and exemplify the organization values.
Benefits @ Kotak
Employee well-being is obviously a governing theme at Kotak! The benefits they offer to their employees are at par with the best.
Their Compensation packages, benchmarked with all the leading players in the industry to ensure a well-balanced attraction of potential talent and retention of existing employees. They have a comprehensive medical assistance facility which covers a whole gamut of medical expenses that employees or their families incur. Our responsibility towards new employees doesn't stop at salaries and compensation alone. They offer all possible help to facilitate their settling down including a Chummery accommodation. Emergency loans are provided to all employees during contingencies including marriage, illness, death of a close family member or any other exigency.