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Problems on Gas Laws

1. Nitrogen gas is housed in a sealed, hollow cylinder at a pressure of 10 5 Pa. Its temperature is 300 K and its volume is 30 dm3. The volume within the cylinder is increased to 45 dm3, and the temperature is increased at the same time to 310 K. What is the new pressure, p2?( 0.69 105 Pa) 2. A sample of gas is pumped from a 1.50 L vessel at 77C and 760 torr pressure to a 0.950 L vessel at 12C. What is its final pressure? (977 torr) 3. What volume is occupied by the oxygen liberated by heating 0.250 g of KClO 3 until it completely decomposes to KCl and oxygen? The gas is collected at STP. (0.0688 dm3) 4. A 1.00 L sample of O2 at 300 K and 1.00 atm plus a 0.500 L sample of N 2 at 300 K and 1.00 atm are put into a rigid 1.00 L container at 300 K. What will be their total volume, temperature, and total pressure? (1.50 atm) 5. The total pressure of a mixture of gases is 1.50 atm. The mixture contains 0.10 mol of N2 and 0.20 mol of O2. What is the partial pressure of O2? (1.00 atm) 6. The figure shows three chambers with equal volumes, all at the same temperature, connected by closed valves. Each chamber contains helium gas, with amounts proportional to the number of atoms shown.

Answer each of the following questions, briefly stating your reasoning: (a) Which of the three has the highest pressure? (b) If the pressure of B is 1.0 atm, what is the pressure of A? (c) If the pressure of A starts at 1.0 atm, and then all of the atoms from B and C are added to A's container, what will be the new pressure? (d) If the pressure in B is 0.50 atm, what will the pressure be after the valves are opened? 7. The following figure shows two tanks connected by a valve. Each tank contains a different gas, both at 0.0 C.

(a) If each molecule in the diagram represents 1.0 mol of gas, what is the system's total pressure after the valve is opened? (Assume that the valve has negligible volume.) (b) If all the gas is pumped into the smaller tank, what are the partial pressures of the two gases?
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8. Two chambers are connected by a valve. One chamber has a volume of 15 dm 3and contains N2 gas at a pressure of 2.0 atm. The other has a volume of 1.5 dm 3and contains O2 gas at 3.0 atm. The valve is opened, and the two gases are allowed to mix thoroughly. The temperature is constant at 300 K throughout this process. (a) How many moles each of N 2and O2are present? (b) What are the final pressures of N2 and O2, and what is the total pressure? (c) What fraction of O 2 is in the smaller chamber after mixing? 9. A mouse is placed in a sealed chamber filled with air at 765 mm Hg and equipped with enough solid KOH to absorb any CO2 and H2O produced. The gas volume in the chamber is 2.05 dm 3, and its temperature is held at 298 K. After 2 hours, the pressure inside the chamber has fallen to 725 mm Hg. What mass of oxygen has the mouse consumed? 10 The apparatus shown consists of three bulbs connected by stopcocks. What is the pressure inside the system when the stopcocks are opened? Assume that the lines connecting the bulbs have zero volume and that the temperature remains constant.

11. Consider the combustion reaction of 0.148 g of a hydrocarbon having formula C nH2n +2 with an excess of O2 in a 400.0 cm3 steel container. Before reaction, the gaseous mixture had a temperature of 25.0C and a pressure of 2.000 atm. After complete combustion and loss of considerable heat, the mixture of products and excess O2 had a temperature of 125.0C and a pressure of 2.983 atm. (a) What is the formula and molar mass of the hydrocarbon? (b) What are the partial pressures (in atmospheres) of the reactants? (c) What are the partial pressures (in atmospheres) of the products and the excess O2 ? 12. Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane (CH 4) and ethane (C2H6) A typical mixture might have Xmethane= 0.915 and X ethane= 0.085. Lets assume that we have a 15.50 g sample of natural gas in a volume of 15.00 dm3 at a temperature of 20 C. (a) How many total moles of gas are in the sample? (b) What is the pressure of the sample (in atmospheres)? (c) What is the partial pressure of each component in the sample (in atmospheres)? 13. A mixture of CS2(g) and excess O2(g) is placed in a 10.0 dm3 reaction vessel at 100.0C and a pressure of 3.00 atm. A spark causes the CS2 to ignite, burning it completely, according to the equation: CS2(g) + 3 O2(g) CO2(g) + 2 SO2(g) After reaction, the temperature returns to 100.0C, and the mixture of product gases ( CO 2 ,SO2and unreached O2 ) is found to have a pressure of 2.40 atm. What is the partial pressure of each gas in the product mixture?

Hasantha Perera

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