Hardware Installation and Startup Guide For NSG 8108 Ver. 2.2.0 and NSG 8204 Ver. 2.0.0 P/N MAN-NSG8000-HW-2.2 Rev. A June 2003 ii Disclaimer Harmonic Inc. reserves the right to change any products described herein at any time, and without prior notice. Harmonic assumes no responsibility or liability arising from the use of the products described herein, except as expressly agreed to in writing by Harmonic. The use and purchase of this product does not convey a license under any patent rights, copyrights, trademark rights, or any intellectual property rights of Harmonic. Nothing hereunder constitutes a representation or warranty that using any products in the manner described herein will not infringe any patents of third parties. Trademark Acknowledgments Harmonic and all Harmonic product names are trademarks of Harmonic Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Compliance and Approval This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15, subpart B of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy. It may cause harmful interference to radio communications if it is not installed and used in accordance with the instructions in this manual. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference. If this occurs, the user will be required to correct the interference at their own expense. Connections between the Harmonic equipment and other equipment must be made in a manner that is consistent with maintaining compliance with FCC radio frequency emission limits. Modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by Harmonic may void the authority granted to the user by the FCC to operate this equipment. The following table lists agency approvals: Agency Approval North American EMI FCC Part 15, subpart B, Class A North American Safety UL, 1950, cUL 22.2 No. 950 European EMI EN55022 Class A, EN50082-1 Harmonic Inc. 2003 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Table of Contents Preface 1 Features and Specifications Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 NSG Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Management Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Features and Specifications by NSG Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 NSG 8108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 NSG 8204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Stream Processing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 NSG 8108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 NSG 8204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 NSG Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 NSG 8108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 NSG 8204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Front Panel LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Air Inlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 RF Monitoring Ports (NSG 8108 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 NSG 8108 (4 x ASI) Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 NSG 8108 (2 x ASI + 1 x GbE) Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 NSG 8204 Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Ethernet Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 EIA-232 Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 ASI Input Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 GbE Input Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 iv Table of Contents NSG 8108 Output Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 NSG 8204 Output Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2 Installation and Cabling Unpacking the NSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Cabling the NSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Connecting Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Connecting the AC Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Connecting the 48 VDC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Connecting the ASI Input Cables (NSG 8108) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Connecting the GbE Fiber Optic Cables (NSG 8108 and 8204) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Connecting the QAM-RF Output Cables (NSG 8108) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Connecting the ASI Monitoring Port Cables (NSG 8108) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Connecting the ASI Output Cables (NSG 8204) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Connecting the Ethernet Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Establishing Ethernet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Connecting to the Device through the Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Starting the Boot Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Setting the IP Address for Ethernet Port 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Setting the IP Address for Ethernet Port 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Setting BOOTP and Software Upgrade Server Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Verifying Communications Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Starting the NSG Web Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Access Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Entering the Monitor or Configure Access Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Firmware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Installing and Updating the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3 Troubleshooting Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Warnings for the NSG 8108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Alarms for the NSG 8108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Alarms for the NSG 8204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 v Table of Contents A Fuse Replacement B Wiring the 48 VDC Power Supply Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Power Source Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Overcurrent Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Wiring Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Power Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Assembling the DC Input Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Connecting the Power Cable to the NSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 C Advanced Fiber Optic Connections Cascading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Cascading Single Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Cascading Redundant Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Connecting a DWDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 D Customer Support Information Contacting Harmonic for Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Glossary Index vi Table of Contents Preface This guide describes the installation and startup instructions for the Narrowcast Services Gateway family, including the NSG 8108 and NSG 8204. The NSG is a highly integrated digital video and data gateway between on-demand content servers and their subscribers. Designed as a 1-RU chassis, the NSG family performs PID filtering, multiplexing, scrambling, QAM modulation, and RF upconversion for either four or eight transport streams simultaneously. It can supply video and other on- demand multimedia services to large numbers of subscribers. The NSG 8108 and NSG 8204 accept digital MPEG input through either the ASI or Gigabit Ethernet ports. Based on user-defined criteria and the model type, the NSG directs multimedia to the different QAMs and up-converters to create the outgoing transport streams as QAM-RF or ASI output signals. Note: This guide uses the term NSG to refer to both the NSG 8108 and the NSG 8204. Manual Organization This guide is organized as follows: Chapter 1, Features and Specifications, introduces features of the NSG. Chapter 2, Installation and Cabling, describes how to install and cable the NSG. Chapter 3, Troubleshooting, describes how to install and configure NSG firmware. viii Manual Organization Preface Chapter 3, Troubleshooting, describes how to resolve NSG hardware alarms. Appendix A, Fuse Replacement, contains service information that explains how to replace the fuse in the NSG Appendix B, Wiring the 48 VDC Power Supply, describes how to connect the optional VDC power source. Appendix C, Advanced Fiber Optic Connections, describes advanced fiber optic cabling schemes including cascading and using a DWDM in your network. Appendix D, Customer Support Information, provides Customer Support contact information. Glossary lists commonly used industry-wide terms as well as terms used in this guide. Conventions This guide uses the following notational conventions: Convention Description Courier font regular System messages, syntax statements, or command examples. Courier font bold Commands that you are instructed to enter. italic font For emphasis or command variables. [italic font] In syntax statements, items inside brackets are optional. Caution: Indicates a situation that might impair data. Note: Highlights important information. Tip: Provides time-saving or informative suggestions about using the product. Warning: Indicates a situation that causes damage to the system or might harm a person. Chapter 1 Features and Specifications Introduction NSG Models Harmonic's NSG 8000 product line includes two main models, the NSG 8108 and NSG 8204. The NSG 8108 provides digital video remultiplexing, scrambling, QAM modulation, and RF upconversion for video on demand networks. The NSG 8108 accepts digital MPEG input through four ASI input ports. The 2 x ASI 1 x GbE model has two ASI input ports and one GbE port, which provides two redundant GbE channels. In both cases, the NSG 8108 delivers eight transport streams through four RF output ports implementing dual upconverter technology. The NSG 8204 provides digital video routing and remapping. The NSG 8204 accepts digital MPEG input through its GbE input port, remaps the data, and delivers four transport streams through four ASI output ports. Redundancy is not supported in the current NSG 8204 release. The following table provides a general description of these two NSG models and their sub-models. Model Input NSG 8108 Input ASI submodel: 4 x ASI ports GbE submodel: 2 x ASI (optional) ports and 1 x GbE port with two redundant channels Output 4 x RF ports carrying 8 x QAM transport streams 2 Introduction CHAPTER 1 Note: The NSG comes with either an AC power supply or 48 VDC power supply. All types of NSGs are intended to be installed in restricted access locations. Management Interfaces Harmonic offers several methods for configuring NSG devices and monitoring their status. All management interfaces listed below connect to the NSG over LAN, via its ETH1 Ethernet port. Caution: To ensure adequate security, and to prevent possible disturbances to the normal operation of NSG devices due to uncontrolled network activity, Harmonic strongly recommends using an Ethernet network that is isolated from any other networks or subnets at your site for management of the NSGs. NSG 8204 Input 1 x GbE port with two redundant channels Output 4 x High-rate ASI ports Model Input 3 Features and Specifications Introduction The table below lists the available management interfaces according to the management purpose for which they are designed: Purpose Recommended Tool Configuration and monitoring of a single NSG device NSG Web Client. The NSG web client is an on-board web-based user interface, that is an integral part of the NSG firmware. The web client is accessible through Microsoft Internet Explorer, and provides means for configuring a single NSG device. It also allows the user to monitor the NSG's status, view its alarms (if present), and troubleshoot them.For details on accessing the web client, please see the Chapter 2, Starting the NSG Web Client, . Configuration of multiple NSG devices MCT (Mass Configuration Tool). The MCT is a spreadsheet-oriented system designed to configure multiple NSGs simultaneously. MCT is recommended for large-scale NSG deployments.Besides simultaneous configuration of large number of NSG devices, it also allows users to perform firmware upgrade for multiple NSGs.MCT is sold separately - please contact Harmonic Customer Support for more details. Note: MCT is not automatically updated when an NSG is configured through the web client. Using the web client for configuring individual NSGs in an MCT-based site is not recommended. If the web client is used, care should be taken to update MCT with the changed configuration. For details on synchronizing MCT with NSG devices, please refer to the MCT online help. Status and Alarm Monitoring of multiple NSG devices Harmonic NMX / 3rd party SNMP monitoring. NMX (Harmonic's Digital Service Manager) may be used for monitoring general status and alarms of multiple NSG devices. A single NMX manager may be used to monitor several hundreds NSG devices, located in several different sites. In addition, NSG may report its status and alarms via standard SNMP. Any standard-based SNMP monitoring system may be used for monitoring the status of multiple NSG devices. This includes off-the-shelf systems such as HP OpenView, or custom-made systems. For further details on implementing SNMP monitoring for NSG devices, please contact Harmonic Customer Support. 4 Features and Specifications by NSG Model CHAPTER 1 Note: The MCT database is not automatically updated when an NSG is configured using NMX or the web client. To update the MCT database, select the NSG and execute the following command from the MCT Actions menu: Actions > Synchronize > Get from Target. GbE Channel Redundancy The NSG family supports GbE redundancy to provide the network with fault-tolerant design. The objective of the redundant channel is to eliminate or diminish any service interruptions when an active GbE channel fails. NSGs with the redundancy feature do not have a primary and secondary channel but rather have two symmetrical GbE channels. Therefore, when a redundant channel is activated it will continue to operate and will not revert back to the previously active channel when that channel recovers. Redundancy for both GbE1 and GbE2 is activated by one of two NSG alarms: Chapter 3, GbE X Link down, Chapter 3, GbE X SFP not mounted, Features and Specifications by NSG Model NSG 8108 NSG 8108 - 4 x ASI Submodel The following table describes the features of the NSG 8108 ASI submodel. Feature Description Chassis 1-RU, mounts in Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard rack 4 x ASI input ports 170 Mbps per port Total payload of up to 408 Mbps can not be exceeded 5 Features and Specifications Features and Specifications by NSG Model 8 x QAM modulators QAM Mode: DVB (Annex A): 8 MHz ITU-T (Annex B J.83): 6 MHz ITU-T (Annex-C - Japan), 6 MHz QAM Constellations: Annex-A: 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 Annex-B: 64,256 Annex-C: 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 Maximum output bit rate DVB: 408 Mbps (51.2 Mbps x 8) ITU-T: 310.4 Mbps (38.8 Mbps x 8) 4 x RF outputs Each port carries two QAM channels, combined and upconverted into two adjacent RF channels Connector: F-type Recommended Cable: 75 Ohm, RG-6 QAM / RF Specifications: see product specifications sheet 2 x ASI monitoring ports ASI monitoring ports can be configured to output the same data as the RF output ports. Port 1 can be configured to monitor transports 14 only. Port 2 can be configured to monitor transports 58 only. 4 x RF monitoring ports 18 +/ 3 dB attenuation, uncalibrated Front panel LEDS Power, alarm, 4 input status, and 8 output status LEDs Dynamic extraction of input Dynamic detection of changes in services and PSI tables at the input Automatic reflection of input changes into the output stream within one second Filtering of ASI input services Incoming services are filtered according to user-configurable ranges Feature Description 6 Features and Specifications by NSG Model CHAPTER 1 NSG 8108 - 2 x ASI 1 x GbE Submodel The following table describes the features of the NSG 8108 GbE submodel. PID remapping PIDs of incoming services are remapped in one of two ways (user-configurable): Paradigm Random Conditional Access System (CAS) support Regeneration of PMT tables to incorporate conditional access descriptors Common DVB scrambling of the selected services Integrated Simulcrypt Synchronizer (SCS) Random control-word generation for scrambling Motorola pre-encryption support Capable of handling Motorola pre-encrypted content 10Base-T/100Base-T Ethernet ports Two independent Ethernet ports, typically used for management (ETH1) and CAS (ETH2) SNMP support Built-in SNMP agent communicates device status via SNMP traps PSI generation for each output Generation of PSI (PAT and PMT) for each individual output stream Monitoring and control Configuration, control, and monitoring by: Harmonic NMX Digital Service Manager NSG web client accessed using Internet Explorer 5.0 to 6.0 Massive Configuration Tool (MCT) Feature Description 7 Features and Specifications Features and Specifications by NSG Model Feature Description Chassis 1-RU, mounts in Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard rack *2 x ASI input ports (optional) 170 Mbps per port 1 x GbE input port Provides two redundant GbE channels, one of which is active and the other standby Max. allowed PCR jitter 10 msec (peak to peak) Payload of up to 400 Mbps (up to 128 services) Max. Ethernet traffic (payload + pass through traffic) 1000 Mbps 8 x QAM modulators QAM Mode: DVB (Annex A): 8 MHz ITU-T (Annex B J.83): 6 MHz ITU-T (Annex-C - Japan), 6 MHz QAM Constellations: Annex-A: 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 Annex-B: 64,256 Annex-C: 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 Maximum output bit rate DVB: 408 Mbps (51.2 Mbps x 8) ITU-T: 310.4 Mbps (38.8 Mbps x 8) 4 x RF outputs Each port carries two QAM channels, combined and upconverted into two adjacent RF channels Connector: F-type Recommended Cable: 75 Ohm, RG-6 QAM / RF Specifications: see product specifications sheet * 2 x ASI monitoring ports ASI monitoring ports can be configured to output the same data as the RF output ports. Port 1 can be configured to monitor transports 1-4 only. Port 2 can be configured to monitor transports 5-8 only. 8 Features and Specifications by NSG Model CHAPTER 1 4 x RF monitoring ports 18 +/ 3dB attenuation, uncalibrated Front panel LEDs Power, alarm, 4 input status, and 8 output status LEDs Back panel LEDs Activity and alarm LED pairs for each GbE port (four LEDs in all) Dynamic extraction of input Dynamic detection of changes in services and PSI tables at the input Automatic reflection of input changes into the output stream within one second Filtering of ASI input services Incoming services are filtered according to user-configurable ranges Filtering of GbE input services Data arriving to the NSG input GbE port is filtered based on routing information communicated by the video server PID remapping PIDs of incoming services are remapped in one of two ways (user-configurable): Paradigm Random Conditional Access System (CAS) support Regeneration of PMT tables to incorporate conditional access descriptors Common DVB scrambling of the selected services Integrated Simulcrypt Synchronizer (SCS) Random control-word generation for scrambling Motorola pre-encryption support Accepts Motorola pre-encrypted content 10Base-T/100Base-T Ethernet ports Two independent Ethernet ports, typically used for management (ETH1) and CAS (ETH2) SNMP support Built-in SNMP agent communicates device status via SNMP traps Feature Description 9 Features and Specifications Features and Specifications by NSG Model Note: * This is an optional feature which is not supported by NSGs of P/N NSG8108-0G-00-84/8. NSG 8204 The following table describes the features of the NSG 8204. PSI generation for each output Generation of PSI (PAT and PMT) for each individual output stream Monitoring and control Configuration, control, and monitoring by: Harmonic NMX Digital Service Manager NSG web client accessed using Internet Explorer 5.0 to 6.0 Massive Configuration Tool (MCT) Feature Description Chassis 1-RU, mounts in Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard rack 1 x GbE input port 1 x GbE port with two redundant channels Max. allowed PCR jitter 10 msec (peak to peak) Payload of up to 640 Mbps (upto 256 services) Max. Ethernet traffic (payload + pass through traffic) 1000 Mbps 4 x ASI output ports Each output port can carry up to 160 Mbps Recommended Cable: 75 Ohm, RG-6 Maximum output bit rate 640 Mbps (160 Mbps x 4) Front panel LEDs Power, alarm, 4 input status, and 4 output status LEDs. Note: Only input LED 1 is active when there is active input. Feature Description 10 Features and Specifications by NSG Model CHAPTER 1 Environmental Specifications The following table lists the environmental specifications for the NSG. Back panel LEDs Activity and alarm LED pairs for each GbE port (four LEDs in all) Dynamic extraction of input Dynamic detection of changes in services and PSI tables at the input Automatic reflection of input changes into the output stream within one second 10Base-T/100Base-T Ethernet ports Provide access to two independent networks for monitoring and control purposes Filtering of GbE input services Data arriving to the NSG input GbE port is filtered based on routing information communicated by the video server PID remapping PIDs of incoming services are remapped to predefined Paradigm (for further information refer to the Online Help) SNMP support Built-in SNMP agent communicates device status via SNMP traps PSI generation for each output Generation of PSI (PAT and PMT) for each individual output stream Monitoring and control Configuration, control, and monitoring by: Harmonic NMX Digital Service Manager NSG web client accessed using Internet Explorer 5.0 to 6.0 Massive Configuration Tool (MCT) Parameter Description Dimensions Height 4.8 cm (1.75 in) Width NSG 8108 - 44.5 cm (19 in) NSG 8204 - 32.8 cm (12.9 in) Feature Description 11 Features and Specifications Features and Specifications by NSG Model Depth 59 cm (23 in) Operating temperature 0 to 50 C (32 to 122 F) Storage temperature 40 to 70 C (40 to 158 F) Relative humidity Maximum 85% non-condensing Ventilation If units are installed in a closed rack, the rack must be ventilated to ensure proper cooling of the units. Ventilation rate must be: NSG 8108 - at least 1.0 cubic meter per minute (35 cubic feet per minute) per NSG unit. NSG 8204 - at least 0.67 cubic meter per minute (23.3 cubic feet per minute) per NSG unit. Parameter Description 12 Stream Processing Overview CHAPTER 1 Stream Processing Overview NSG 8108 The NSG 8108 accepts ASI and GbE input, and outputs analog RF. The following diagram shows the flow of data through the 4 x ASI NSG. 13 Features and Specifications Stream Processing Overview The following diagram shows the flow of data through the 2 x ASI + 1 GbE NSG 8108. (2) channel channel 14 Stream Processing Overview CHAPTER 1 NSG 8204 The NSG 8204 accepts GbE input, and outputs analog ASI. The following diagram shows the flow of data through the 4 x ASI NSG 8204. Note: The second GbE channel is not supported at this time. (2) channel channel 15 Features and Specifications NSG Front Panel NSG Front Panel The front panel of the NSG contains a number of LEDs for monitoring and troubleshooting purposes and monitoring ports. The following figure illustrates the front panels of the various NSGs. NSG 8108 Both NSG 8108 models have one power LED, one alarm LED, four input LEDS and eight output LEDS, as well as four monitoring ports. NSG 8204 The NSG 8204 has one power LED, one alarm LED, four input LEDS, and four output LEDS. 16 NSG Front Panel CHAPTER 1 Front Panel LEDs The following table describes the front panel LEDs, from left to right. LED Color Description Power Green ON - Indicates that NSG is powered on. OFF - Indicates that NSG is powered off. Alarm Red ON - Indicates an alarm has been activated in the device. Refer to Chapter 3, Troubleshooting, for further details. OFF - Indicates no alarm activated. Input Green/Red In the NSG 8108 4 x ASI model, each input LED shows the status of one ASI input port. In the NSG 8108 1 x GbE model and NSG 8204, the first LED shows the status of GbE channel 1, and the second LED shows the status of GbE channel 2. ON (Green) - Indicates the input port is enabled and has a valid ASI or GbE signal. ON (Red) - Indicates an input related alarm has been activated. The activated LED indicates the specific port with the alarm. ON (Green blinking) - Indicates the 'Identify unit' button has been selected. OFF - Indicates the input port is disabled. Output Green/Red ON (Green) - Indicates the output port is properly configured and has at least one service. ON (Red) - Indicates an output alarm has been activated. ON (Green blinking) - Indicates the 'Identify unit' button has been selected. OFF - Indicates the output port has no service or is disabled. 17 Features and Specifications NSG Front Panel Air Inlets Air inlets are located along the lower part of the NSG front panel. The air inlet section is slightly sunken to prevent an obstruction from disturbing the air flow. RF Monitoring Ports (NSG 8108 only) The NSG 8108 front panel includes four RF ports, each corresponding to one RF port located on the back panel. The NSG duplicates RF to the ports at the front panel to enable maintenance persons to monitor, test, and analyze RF without disturbing data flow. The transmission level at the monitoring ports is 18 (+/ 3) dB lower than the transmission level at the RF ports on the back panel. Note: Because the output power level of the RF monitoring ports is uncalibrated, do not use these ports to measure the output power level of the actual RF output ports. 18 Back Panel CHAPTER 1 Back Panel This section describes the back panel of the NSG. NSG 8108 (4 x ASI) Back Panel The following figure illustrates the NSG 8108 back panel with four ASI input ports. 19 Features and Specifications Back Panel NSG 8108 (2 x ASI + 1 x GbE) Back Panel The following figure illustrates the NSG 8108 back panel with two ASI input ports and two gigabyte Ethernet (GbE) receptacles for Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceivers. Note: The two ASI ports and the two monitoring ports are optional features which is not supported by NSGs of P/N NSG8108-0G-00-84/8. NSG 8204 Back Panel The following figure illustrates the NSG 8204 back panel with two Gigabyte Ethernet (GbE) receptacles for Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceivers. Currently, just one GbE receptacle is supported in this configuration. 20 Back Panel CHAPTER 1 Power Supply AC Power Supply The power supply supports 110 and 230 VAC, and automatically senses the required voltage. A fuse is located inside the power socket and a spare is located inside the adjacent compartment. For information about replacing the fuse, see Appendix A, Fuse Replacement. See Connecting the AC Power Cable on page 27 for instructions to connect the power supply. The following table lists the power supply specifications. Parameter Specification Input voltage 100240 VAC Line frequency 5060 Hz Typical power consumption 80 W 21 Features and Specifications Back Panel 48 VDC Power Supply If your NSG has the optional 48 VDC power supply, the standard AC power connector is replaced by a panel with a 3-pin male connector for 48 VDC. This power supply does not have a fuse. See Connecting the 48 VDC Power Supply on page 28 for instructions to wire the power supply. The NSGs electrical rating for the -48VDC type is as follows: Ethernet Ports The NSG back panel has two Ethernet ports to allow connection to two Ethernet networks. See Establishing Ethernet Connection on page 31 for instructions to configure IP addresses for the Ethernet ports. Use UTP cables with an RJ-45 connector to connect the NSG to a hub or router for the management and CAS networks. EIA-232 Serial Port The EIA-232 serial port is used to configure the Ethernet port IP addresses. See Establishing Ethernet Connection on page 31 for more information. You can use the serial port for monitoring and manual maintenance operations. The following table lists the EIA-232 port specifications. Parameter Specification Voltage 48/60 VDC Note: The device can still operate with input voltage ranging from 36 to 75 VDC. Max. operating current 4 amps Parameter Specification Connector Male DB-9 D-type Cable Low capacitance 9-line cable 22 ASI Input Ports CHAPTER 1 The EIA-232 cable has male DB-9 D-type connectors. The following table lists the pinout information for the DB-9 connector. . ASI Input Ports The NSG back panel contains four ASI input ports, labeled ASI IN 14. Use a 75-ohm cable with BNC connectors to connect the ASI ports to a content server. See Connecting the Ethernet Cables on page 30 for instructions. The following table lists the ASI port specifications. GbE Input Port The NSG 8108 and NSG 8204 back panel includes two SFP module receptacles labeled GbE 1 and 2 for GbE input. The two SFP receptacles provide two redundant channels of GbE input. Use a multimode or a single-mode fiber optics cable with an LC connector to connect a GbE port to the content server. The LC connector plugs into an SFP receptacle and accommodates two fibers, one for transmission and the other for reception. SFP modules are sold separately. Pin Signal Description 2 RX Receive data 3 TX Transmit data 5 GND Ground Parameter Specification Connector BNC Cable 75-ohm BNC cable Maximum input bit rate Refer to NSG 8108 - 4 x ASI Submodel, and NSG 8108 - 2 x ASI 1 x GbE Submodel. 23 Features and Specifications ASI Input Ports The following figure illustrates an SFP module. The following table lists the GbE port specifications. The NSG 8108 (2 x ASI + 1 x GbE) Back Panel and the NSG 8204 Back Panel figures illustrate the NSGs with a Gigabit port in the back panel with two ASI input ports and two gigabyte Ethernet (GbE) receptacles for Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) ports. Currently, just one GbE receptacle is active for the NSG 8204. The GbE2 receptacle is not active. When the SFP port module is in place, the cable plugs in with its LC connector. Harmonic recommends using the following SFP models, manufactured by Finisar and sold by Harmonic separately from the NSG. Parameter Specification Connector LC-to-SFP Cable Multimode or a single-mode fiber optics SFP With multimode cable, use an 850 nm SFP. With single-mode cable, use a 1310 nm SFP, for transferring signals to a distance of up to 1 km. Maximum input bit rate Refer to NSG 8108 - 2 x ASI 1 x GbE Submodel, and NSG 8204. 24 ASI Input Ports CHAPTER 1 The Finisar data sheets for the models are included on the software release CD. The following table describes the back panel LEDs of the NSG supporting GbE input. Two LEDs are assigned to each GbE port activity and alarm. Fiber Type Finisar SFP Model Multi-mode fiber FTRJ-8519-7D Single-mode fiber FTRJ-1319-3 LED Color Description Activity Green Illuminates when a live fiber is connected to the port and a network link is detected. Blinks when real traffic flows through the link. Alarm Orange Indicates an error in the GbE port. 25 Features and Specifications ASI Input Ports NSG 8108 Output Ports RF Ports The NSG 8108 back panel has four RF ports, numbered 14. Each port outputs two channels. Use RG-6 coaxial cables cable with F-type connectors to connect the RF ports to the output devices. See Connecting the QAM-RF Output Cables (NSG 8108) on page 29 for more information. The following table provides the RF port specifications: ASI Output Port for Monitoring The NSG duplicates two transport streams to two ASI output ports designed for monitoring purposes, applicable to both ASI and GbE data. Use these ports to connect to devices that accept ASI input, such as an MPEG analyzer. NSG 8204 Output Ports ASI Output Ports The NSG 8204 back panel has four ASI ports, numbered 14. Each output port has one transport stream that can carry upto 160 Mbps. Use RG-6 coaxial cables with BNC connectors to connect the ASI output ports to the output devices. Parameter Description Connector Male F connector Cable RG-6 Output frequency 476-868 MHz 26 ASI Input Ports CHAPTER 1 Chapter 2 Installation and Cabling This chapter describes how to install and cable the NSG. The 1-RU chassis installs in a standard 19-inch computer rack. Unpacking the NSG The NSG comes in a specially designed shipping container that ensures its safety during shipping and handling. To avoid damaging the NSG, unpack it carefully. Cabling the NSG Connecting cables to the NSG is straightforward. The NSG ASI or GbE input ports, QAM-RF or ASI output ports, and Ethernet ports are clearly marked on the NSG back panel. See Back Panel on page 18 for placement. Connecting Power The NSG comes with either an AC power supply or a 48 VDC power supply. Follow the instructions appropriate to your power supply. Connecting the AC Power Cable If your NSG has the AC power line cord, connect the power cord to the power plug on the NSG back panel, and connect the power cord to the power outlet. The power supply automatically senses the input voltage. 28 Connecting the ASI Input Cables (NSG 8108) CHAPTER 2 Connecting the 48 VDC Power Supply If your NSG has the optional 48 VDC power supply, see Appendix B, Wiring the 48 VDC Power Supply, for instructions to wire the power supply. Connecting the ASI Input Cables (NSG 8108) The NSG has two or four ASI input ports labeled ASI IN and numbered 1 and 2 or 14, respectively. The NSG requires RG-6 coaxial cables equipped with standard BNC connectors. To connect the ASI cables: Connect the ASI output ports of your content server to the ASI input ports on the NSG using RG-6 coaxial cables with BNC connectors. Connecting the GbE Fiber Optic Cables (NSG 8108 and 8204) The GbE connection requires a fiber optic cable equipped with standard LC plugs and SFP modules. You must purchase the SFP module separately. The NSG 8108 supports two SFP modules for channel redundancy. The NSG 8204 supports only one SFP module at this time. To connect the fiber optic cables to the NSG: 1. When the power is off, insert the SFP modules into the receptacles labeled GbE 1 and GbE 2 at the back of the NSG. If you have an NSG 8204, always use the GbE 1 receptacle. 2. Insert the LC plugs into the SFP module. 3. Connect the NSG to a switch or other NSG as appropriate for your network configuration. 29 Installation and Cabling Connecting the QAM-RF Output Cables (NSG 8108) The following figure shows a basic connection between an NSG and a switch. The NSG also supports advanced fiber optic cabling schemes such as cascading, redundancy (NSG 8108 only), and including a DWDM in your NSG network. See Appendix C, Advanced Fiber Optic Connections, for instructions. Connecting the QAM-RF Output Cables (NSG 8108) The NSG has four RF output ports, labeled RF OUT and numbered 14, which implement the dual upconverter technology. Each port delivers either one or two RF channels. To connect the RF Cables: Use RG-6 coaxial cables equipped with F-type connectors to connect the outgoing ports to your output equipment according to your network schema. 30 Connecting the ASI Monitoring Port Cables (NSG 8108) CHAPTER 2 Connecting the ASI Monitoring Port Cables (NSG 8108) The ASI output ports for the NSG provide a method to monitor the devices output data. To connect the ASI output cables: Connect ASI cables with BNC connectors from the ASI output ports on the NSG back panel to a device such as an MPEG analyzer. Note: The ASI monitoring port can output only one of two output transport streams at a given time. Connecting the ASI Output Cables (NSG 8204) The NSG 8204 has four ASI output ports, labeled ASI OUT and numbered14. Connect an ASI cable with a BNC connector from the ASI output port on the NSG back panel to an output device. Connecting the Ethernet Cables The Ethernet ports, labeled ETH1 and ETH2, provide access to two independent networks. To connect the Ethernet cables: 1. Connect an Ethernet cable with RJ-45 connectors from the ETH1 port on the NSG to your management network hub or switch. 2. If Conditional Access (CAS) is used, connect an Ethernet cable with RJ-45 connectors from the ETH2 port on the NSG to your CAS network hub or switch. 31 Installation and Cabling Establishing Ethernet Connection Establishing Ethernet Connection Because the NSG is configured and controlled by a remote management system, you must set the IP addresses of the Ethernet ports located on the back panel of the NSG. Use a serial port connection between a PC and the NSG to set NSG IP addresses. Note: The NSG requires a user name and password to log in to all management interfaces, including the serial communications console, web client, FTP, and Telnet. You must contact Harmonic Customer Support to obtain the user name and password before you can proceed with the following configuration. See Appendix D, Customer Support Information, for Customer Support contact information. Connecting to the Device through the Serial Port Follow these steps to connect to the NSG through its RS-232 serial port: 1. Use an RS-232 cable to connect the devices serial port to one of the serial communication ports of your PC. 2. From the Windows Start menu on your PC, select Programs > Accessories > HyperTerminal > HyperTerminal. 3. In the Connection Description dialog box, enter a descriptive name (for example, NSG 8108 Connection) and select any icon. 4. Click OK. 5. In the Connect To dialog box, select the PCs serial port that you want to use to connect to the NSG 8108 or the NSG 8204 in the Connect Using drop-down list. 6. Click OK. 7. Set the following parameters under Port Settings: Bits per second: 9600 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bits: 1 Flow control: None 32 Establishing Ethernet Connection CHAPTER 2 8. Click OK. 9. Verify that communication has been established by hitting the ENTER key. An NSG login prompt appears. However, you do not need to log in at this time. Starting the Boot Sequence Once the computer serial port is configured for the NSG, you are ready to run the configuration program as follows: 1. Power cycle the NSG by disconnecting then connecting the power cord. While booting, the NSG reports its activities over the serial connection. The NSG displays its current boot parameters, and prompts you to press any key to change configuration parameters. The computer displays the following message: To change any of this, press Enter within 3 seconds Note: The number of seconds to access the configuration parameters is user-configurable, and might be different on your NSG device. 2. Within the given number of seconds, press Enter to access the configuration parameters. The computer displays the following message: (M)odify any of this or (C)ontinue? [M] 3. Press Enter to accept the default M. A menu appears. 4. Press Enter to accept the default option 4 Run the Application and run the configuration program. 33 Installation and Cabling Establishing Ethernet Connection 5. The computer displays the following message: If connected to host debugger which connection to use? 1. Serial Connection 2. Network Connection Which one do you want? [2] 6. Select option 2 as the default choice. 7. Follow the steps in the next section to continue and set the IP address for Ethernet port 1. Setting the IP Address for Ethernet Port 1 The NSG uses the Ethernet port labeled ETH1 on its back panel to communicate with the management network. Note: If you select the DHCP option for IP address assignment, you must still define the ETH1 and ETH2 addresses. You must specify a non-zero IP address or the port will be disabled. The following message appears after executing step 6 in the section above: ETH1 LAN INTERFACE PARAMETERS: Do you want a LAN interface? [Y] To set the IP address for Ethernet port 1: 1. Press Enter (Y). The following message appears: This board's LAN IP address(198.168.100.44 = RARP)? 2. Type the desired IP address and press Enter. After you enter the IP address, the following message appears: Subnet mask for LAN (0 for none)? [255.255.255.0] 34 Establishing Ethernet Connection CHAPTER 2 3. Type the desired subnet mask and press Enter. The following message appears: Should there be a default gateway for packet routing? [Y] 4. Respond [Y] if you'd like to use a gateway or [N] if a gateway is not present in your network, and then press Enter. What is its IP address? [198.168.100.1] 5. Type the IP address of the gateway and press Enter. The following message appears: HARDWARE PARAMETERS Baud rate for serial channel [9600]: 6. Hit Enter to accept the default. The following appears: APPLICATION PARAMETERS: The configuration program begins another cycle of questions for the second Ethernet port. Follow the steps in the next section to continue and set the IP address for Ethernet port 2. Setting the IP Address for Ethernet Port 2 Note: If using the ETH2 port, you must configure its IP address on a different subnet than that of the Ethernet 1 port. After you complete step 5 in the preceding section, the following message appears: ETH2 LAN INTERFACE PARAMETERS: Do you want a LAN interface? [Y] If your system does not includes DVB-CAS scrambling, type [N] and hit the ENTER key. If you do plan on using ETH2 port to connect to the CAS network, type [Y]. You will then be prompted to enter the IP address and subnet mask of the ETH2 port. 35 Installation and Cabling Establishing Ethernet Connection Setting BOOTP and Software Upgrade Server Parameters Note: Older NSG units support the DHCP protocol instead of BOOTP. In either case, the boot sequence is the same. 1. After you define ETH2 properties, the following message appears: BOOTP and PLATFORM S/W UPGRADE PARAMETERS Enable the BOOTP client on ETH1 (N - static IP? [N] 2. Respond [Y] only if you have a BOOTP setup in your network. Otherwise respond [N], and go to the end of the sequence (step 5). If you respond [Y], the following message appears: BOOTP timeout in seconds (1 - 1000, 0 for infinity) [10] 3. Enter the desired timeout value. Recommended timeout is 10 seconds, if you enter 0 the unit will continue to send BOOTP requests for an unlimited time until it receives a reply. After you enter the timeout, the following message appears: Check for new software version on server and upgrade if necessary? (0 - upgrade disabled)? [0] 4. If you enter [1], the NSG will check for new firmware on the upgrade server every time it boots up, and automatically upgrade its firmware if needed. Enter [0] if you wish to disable this option. Note: The IP address of the upgrade server and the name of the new firmware file are not entered manually, but provided by the BOOTP server along with the units IP address. 5. Next, the following message appears: How long (in seconds) should CPU delay before starting up? [3] 6. If you want to change the delay time, type a number and press Enter (the default is 3 seconds). The first question now re-appears. (M)odify any of this or (C)ontinue? [M] 36 Starting the NSG Web Client CHAPTER 2 7. Type (C) and press Enter to exit the configuration cycle. The NSG boot sequence continues. When the boot sequence finishes, the NSG is ready to accept further configuration through the NSG web client or through MCT. 8. Follow the steps in the next section to verify your communications settings. Verifying Communications Settings It is recommended to verify your network settings after the boot process is finished. To verify communications settings: 1. At the HyperTerminal, log in to the NSG with the user name and password obtained from Harmonic Customer Support. 2. At the HyperTerminal, type ifconf -a and press Enter. The NSG IP addresses, DHCP, and TFTP settings will be displayed. 3. At the HyperTerminal, type route -a and press Enter. The NSG shows the IP address of the default gateway. Starting the NSG Web Client Once the NSG is properly cabled and setup in your network, you may start using it: 1. Hook the NSG to its power source, and wait for it to complete its boot process (the front panel LEDs should stop blinking). 2. Start Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE) on a PC that resides on the same LAN as the NSG. 3. In the address bar of the IE, type the NSG's IP address. The NSG Web Client opens. Through the web client you may configure the NSG and monitor its status. Note: For instructions on how to use the web client, you may invoke its integral Online Help located on the menu tree on the left side of the web client. Select the HELP link. 37 Installation and Cabling Access Levels Access Levels The NSG 8108 provides the user with two different access levels so as to impede unauthorized access. The two different access levels are monitor and configure, which can be entered using the correct Username and Password combination. The monitor access level allows you to only view the configuration in the NSG and the configure access level allows you to execute configuration parameters via the we client. Passwords for both access level may be changed through the web client. Refer to the NSG Online Help for further information on changing passwords. Entering the Monitor or Configure Access Level 1. Launch Internet Explorer, and connect to the URL of the NSG e.g http://192.168.20.1802 as outlined in Starting the NSG Web Client. 2. A login window pops up requesting user name and password. 3. Enter in the User Name monitor or configure as appropriate. 4. Enter in the Password monitor (for the monitor User Name) or configure (for the configure User Name) as appropriate. 5. Select OK. You are now in the monitor or configure access level where you can view the NSG configuration only. 38 Firmware Installation CHAPTER 2 Firmware Installation The NSG ships with firmware and the web client installed. However, Harmonic periodically releases firmware updates. To find out if the provided firmware meets your needs or must be updated, contact Harmonic Technical Support. To upgrade a number of NSG devices use the MCT (NSG Mass Configuration Tool). Refer to the MCT Online Help for details. You can also upgrade individual NSG devices manually, as described in the following section. Installing and Updating the Firmware Before starting the upgrade process, make sure that you have: An FTP utility of your choice installed on a PC workstation connected to your management network. An RS-232 serial connection between the NSG and PC to establish a hyperterminal session. The new NSG firmware provided by Harmonic Technical Support. Firmware may provided via the NSG release CD or downloaded from the Harmonic FTP site. To install or upgrade the firmware, execute the following: 1. Copy the new firmware file to a known location on your PC. 2. Use the FTP utility of your choice to establish a session between the PC and NSG. 3. Log in to the NSG with the user name and password obtained from Harmonic Customer Support. 4. Download the firmware file from your PC to the NSGs root directory. Ensure the download is completed successfully. Note: Use binary mode when downloading the firmware. 5. From a hyperterminal session, type the following command: app filename 39 Installation and Cabling Firmware Installation where filename is the name of the firmware file. This command programs the application Flash. Note: To establish a hyperterminal Connection see Connecting to the Device through the Serial Port on page 31. A counter appears, which indicates progress. When it reaches about 50, the NSG automatically resets itself and boots up with the new firmware. 6. To determine if you installed the desired software version, wait for the reboot process to complete. Use the hyperterminal session, type ver and press ENTER. The device should report the same version number specified in the release notes enclosed with the new firmware. 40 Firmware Installation CHAPTER 2 Chapter 3 Troubleshooting The NSG 8108 has both warnings and alarms whereas, the NSG 8108 only has alarms. When the NSG issues a warning or alarm, the warning or alarm message is posted both to NMX and the web client's alarm page. The number of currently-active warnings and alarms appears in yellow (warnings) and red (alarms) in the upper right-hand corner of the web client. Refer below to view the warning and alarm text for the appropriate device in alphabetical order, description and possible solutions. Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 Warnings for the NSG 8108 Note: X indicates the number for either service, input, TSout, Upconverter or QAM. Warning Message Description Solution GbE X Channel Failed. Activating Redundant Channel Active GbE channel failed and triggered automatic switch to redundant channel. Check all GbE connections. GbE X Cannot find BOOTP server. Booting with previous IP setting BOOTP server did not respond within the defined timeout, NSG booted with its previous IP settings. Retry BOOT. Contact Customer Support. 42 Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 CHAPTER 3 GbE X UDAD Data Not Received No UDAD packets received over the GbE link. Check if the link to the switch is live and active.Check if the switch is configured for UDAD. NSG Cooling fan failure At least one fan is malfunctioning. 1. Check fan's power connector. 2. Replace fan. You can replace the fan while the system is on, as follows: Disconnect the fan power cable. Release the fan's four screws. Replace with a new fan. NSG Firmware file download failed Failed to download new firmware file using the specified upgrade_server/path/ filename. Check to see if the path is correct. NSG Incomplete or corrupt firmware file. Load failed, booting with previous firmware. Firmware download from upgrade server succeeded, but new firmware could not be loaded to Flash due to file corruption. Check to see BOOTP Flash version. Update if necessary. TSout X Number of services exceeds limit The number of provisioned services exceeds the configured threshold per TSout. Deprovision one or more services. Or Configure a higher threshold Warning Message Description Solution 43 Troubleshooting Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 Alarms for the NSG 8108 Alarm Message Description Solution ASI X Signal loss No input transport stream is running through the ASI port. Check the source. Check the input cable and replace if defective. GbE X Input errors Indicates a CRC error in the input. Verify the input services are valid from the server. GbE X Link down This alarm can occur for three reasons: The Etherlink link of the GbE port is not functioning. The source is not sending a signal. The source is sending a signal that is too weak For an NSG 8108 with automatic redundancy enabled: If this failure occurs on the active GbE channel, a redundancy switch is triggered and the backup GbE channel becomes active. If this failure occurs on the backup GbE channel, you receive notification in the alarm list and alarm log, but the Alarm LED does not turn red. 1. Verify that the fiber is properly connected to the SFP. 2. Verify that SFP is properly inserted. 3. Check the fiber for physical damage. 4. Check that the source is sending a signal. 5. Check the source signal strength using an optical power-meter. The minimum light intensity that the SFP requires to maintain a link is: 850 nm SFP: - 17 dBm 1310 nm SFP: - 20 dBm GbE X Management buffer overflow Management traffic on the GbE port network exceeds the port's capacity. Check for sources of excessive management traffic. 44 Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 CHAPTER 3 GbE X Management port failed This alarm is issued by the GbE port in case it failed to initialize its management interface during NSG power-up. In this situation, the GbE port is not capable of handling any management traffic, including UDAD traffic. The NSG must be power-cycled again. If the problem persists, contact Customer Support. GbE X MPEG buffer overflow MPEG data arriving at the GbE port exceeds the port's capacity 1. If the problem is constant, the NSG is over-subscribed. Deprovision services until the error clears. 2. If the alarm appears momentarily, the source material may be arriving in bursts and overflowing the port during transmission peaks. GbE X MPEG sync loss Indicates no valid MPEG data found in the GbE traffic. Check the source. Check the input cable and replace if defective. GbE X SFP not mounted Indicates that some (or all) UDP packets that were received over the GbE port do not contain valid MPEG data. 1. Verify that an SFP module is present and is properly mounted in GbE 1. 2. If GbE input is not required, disable the GbE port through the Config Input option in the web client. GbE X No Valid MPEG Stream in Input The data received through the GbE port is not a valid MPEG stream. Typically, the GbE stream does not contain PAT. Check the GbE source for content and/or encapsulation problems. Alarm Message Description Solution 45 Troubleshooting Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 GbE X UDAD Ethernet Connection Failed The NSG could not establish Ethernet connectivity with the switch. Check if the switch's management IP address matches the one shown on the NSG's Input configuration page.Check if the switch is connected to the management LAN. GbE X UDAD Telnet Connection Failed The NSG could not establish Ethernet session with the switch. Check if Telnet is enabled on the switch. GbE X UDAD Configuration Failed The switch has rejected the configuration sent by the NSG. Check if the switch is configured correctly for UDAD. GbE X UDAD Authentication Failure The switch has rejected the login information provided by the NSG. Check if the switch's password matches the one configured in the NSG's Input configuration page. NSG System overall temperature alarm The NSG internal measured temperature exceeded the limit. The NSG internal measured temperature exceeded the limit. QAM X Bit rate mismatch QAM modulator cannot lock on its input. This type of alarm may indicate a QAM modulator hardware configuration failure. Reapply the QAM configuration: Set the output bit rate to a new value. Check for alarm clearance. Return to the original output bit rate. Alarm Message Description Solution 46 Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 CHAPTER 3 SCS ECMG stream error Connection to the ECMG has failed, and services may not be encrypted properly. 1. Check Ethernet link of Ethernet port 2. 2. Check ECMG definitions in the web client. Make sure that all parameters match the properties of the CAS system in use. 3. It may be that a specific service was not provisioned correctly by the EIS. Verify that provisioning parameters are correct. SCS ECMG connection failure Connection to the ECMG has failed, and services may not be encrypted properly. 1. Check Ethernet link of Ethernet port 2. 2. Check ECMG definitions in the web client. Make sure that all parameters match the properties of the CAS system in use. 3. It may be that a specific service was not provisioned correctly by the EIS. Verify that provisioning parameters are correct. SCS Provision conflict A service that is not configured on any of the NSGs inputs has been provisioned through the external EIS. 1. Deprovision the service through the external EIS. 2. Configure the required service using the Switching option in the Web client. 3. Reprovision the service through the EIS option in the web client. TSout X Overflow The actual output bit rate exceeds the configured QAM output bit rate. Deprovision several services of the specific output until the alarm clears. Alarm Message Description Solution 47 Troubleshooting Warnings and Alarms for the NSG 8108 Upconverter X General alarm An upconverter internal hardware failure. Restart the NSG: Turn it off by disconnecting the power cord. Turn it back on and check for alarm clearance. Upconverter X Power failure Power level to the upconverter momentarily exceeded limits. Alarm clears when you restart the NSG. Restart the NSG: Turn it off by disconnecting the power cord. Turn it back on and check for alarm clearance. Upconverter X Communication failure Indicates a hardware failure. Call Customer Support. Upconverter X RF level out of range This type of alarm is generated when the RF output power level falls below limit. Call Customer Support. Upconverter X Temperature out of range Upconverter temperature is out of the defined range. Call Customer Support. Upconverter X PLL1 failure Indicates a hardware failure. Call Customer Support. Upconverter X PLL2 failure Indicates a hardware failure. Call Customer Support. Alarm Message Description Solution 48 Alarms for the NSG 8204 CHAPTER 3 Alarms for the NSG 8204 When the NSG 8204 issues an alarm, the alarm message is posted both to NMX and the web client's alarm page. Refer below to view the alarm text in alphabetical order, description and possible solutions. Upconverter Mismatch The four upconverters installed in the NSG are not the same type. The NSG checks the upconverters during boot up and sends this alarm if it detects that there are different kinds of upconverters. All four upconverters must be the same type for the NSG to function properly. Call Customer Support. Upconverter X Repeated failures This alarm is sent when an upconverter sends four critical alarms within a 24-hour period. The affected upconverter is automatically shut down when this alarm occurs. The following alarms are considered critical alarms: Internal Communication Failure Power Failure PLL1 Failure PLL2 Failure Call Customer Support Reboot the NSG to clear the alarm, but it is likely to occur again. Alarm Message Description Solution 49 Troubleshooting Alarms for the NSG 8204 Note: X indicates the number for either service, input, or TSout. Alarm Message Description Solution NSG system overall temperature alarm The NSG internal measured temperature exceeded the limit. The NSG internal measured temperature exceeded the limit. NSG cooling fans failure At least one of the fans located on the back plane does not function properly. Check fan's power connector. Replace fan. You can replace the fan while the system is on, as follows: Disconnect the fan power cable. Release the fan's four screws. Replace with a new fan. GbE X input buffer overflow Input to GbE port exceeds the maximum allowed rate, causing buffer overflow. Reduce bit rate of incoming traffic to the NSGs GbE port. GbE X input errors Indicates a CRC error in the input. Verify the input services are valid from the server. GbE X link down The Ethernet link of the GbE port is not functioning. 1. Verify that the fiber is properly connected to the SFP. 2. Verify that SFP is properly inserted. 3. Check the fiber for physical damage. 50 Alarms for the NSG 8204 CHAPTER 3 GbE X MPEG sync loss Indicates that some (or all) UDP packets that were received over the GbE port do not contain valid MPEG data. Check the source. Check the input cable and replace if defective. GbE X SFP Not Mounted The SFP module is missing or not properly mounted. 1. Verify that an SFP module is present and is properly mounted in GbE 1. 2. If GbE input is not required, disable the GbE port through the Config Input option in the Web client. Alarm Message Description Solution Appendix A Fuse Replacement This appendix contains service information that explains how to replace the fuse in the NSG. If your NSG has an AC power supply, the NSG uses a 2-amp slow-blow fuse that is located inside the power socket. A spare fuse is located inside the compartment adjacent to the power socket. Warning: Always replace the fuse with a fuse of the same rating and type. Using a different fuse voids the Harmonic warranty and could result in fire or other electrical damage. To replace the fuse, follow these instructions: Warning: You must disconnect the power cord before removing the fuse. 1. Unplug the power cord from the chassis to disconnect the power. 2. Pull down the fuse cover on the back panel. 3. Remove the old fuse. 4. Install the new fuse. 5. Replace the fuse cover. 6. Plug in the NSG and turn it on. 52 APPENDIX A Appendix B Wiring the 48 VDC Power Supply If your NSG has the optional 48 VDC power supply, follow these steps to wire the power supply. Getting Started Before you begin wiring the 48 VDC power supply, make sure that you provide the necessary overcurrent protection, wires, and power connector. Power Source Specifications The DC power source feeding the NSG device must meet the following requirements: Electrically isolated from any AC power source Positive ground. The Positive bus of the DC power source must be reliably connected to the Ground bus. Each feed-pair must provide a continuous supply of power that meets the following specifications: Parameter Specification Voltage 36 to 75 VDC Max. operating current 4 amps Max. input surge current 35 amps 54 Wiring Requirements APPENDIX B Overcurrent Protection To provide overcurrent protection: Provide overcurrent protection devices as part of each rack housing NSG devices. Locate readily accessible circuit breakers between the DC power source and the NSG. Use a 10-amp double-pole fast trip, DC-rated circuit breaker for each DC power connector. Note: Overcurrent protection devices must meet applicable national and local electrical safety codes and be approved for the intended application. Wiring Requirements The NSG is connected to the DC power source using three wires: Vin GND +Vin Although Harmonic provides the power input connector with the NSG device, you must supply the wires. The wires to be used must comply with the following specifications: n Parameter Specification Suitable conductor material Copper only Vin and +Vin wires 16 AWG rating Ground cable 16 AWG rating Cable insulation rating Minimum 80 C, low smoke fume (LSF), flame retardant 55 Wiring the 48 VDC Power Supply Wiring Requirements Power Connector The NSG is supplied with a special DC power connector plug that matches the DC power socket on the back of the NSG device. This connector is made by WAGO, model number 231-103/037-000. Use only the original connector for connecting the NSG to the DC power source. Contact Harmonic Technical Support if you want to use any other type of connector. The following figure shows the connector and its strain relief housing: : Cable type Must comply with at least one of the following standards: UL 1581 (VW-1) - UL style 1028 or equivalent EEE 383 EEE 1202-1991 Branch circuit cable insulation color Per applicable national electrical codes Grounding cable insulation color Green or yellow-green Parameter Specification 56 Assembling the DC Input Power Cable APPENDIX B Assembling the DC Input Power Cable To assemble the DC input power cable: 1. Prepare the power wires as specified in Wiring Requirements on page 54. 2. Use the circuit breakers to make sure that the power supply from the DC power source to the cables is switched off. Caution: Turn off the power before proceeding with these instructions. 3. Unplug the WAGO power connector from the power socket on the NSG back panel. 4. Identify the three wires coming from the DC power source that are used in the connection to the expansion unit: Vin +Vin GND 5. Strip up to 0.3 inches (8 mm) of insulation from each of the wires coming from the DC power source. Do not strip more than this length from each wire. Stripping more leaves uninsulated wire exposed outside the DC connector after the assembly is complete. 6. Insert a small screwdriver into the rectangular hole directly above the hole in the DC connector where you want to insert the first cable and press down on the screwdriver. This opens the cage clamp for this section of the DC plug connector. Note: WAGO also sells tools specifically designed to open cage clamps easily. For more information, either visit the WAGO web site at www.wago.com, or call WAGO at 1-800-346-7245 and request information about items 210-250 or 231-131. 7. Feed the exposed section of the wire into the matching hole in the DC plug connector. See the pin-out figure below to match wires with the required holes. 57 Wiring the 48 VDC Power Supply Connecting the Power Cable to the NSG 8. Repeat steps 5 through 7 for the other two wires to complete the assembly of the DC input cable. Note: If you need to remove a wire from the DC plug connector, insert a small screwdriver into the slot directly above the wire and press down on the screwdriver to free the wire from the cage clamp. Connecting the Power Cable to the NSG 1. Ensure the NSG is securely installed in a rack. 2. Connect the DC input power cable to the DC connector on the NSG back panel, as illustrated in the following figure. Grounding screw 58 Connecting the Power Cable to the NSG APPENDIX B Note: The NSG comes with an additional grounding screw next to the power inlet connector. Use this screw to ground the NSG chassis to the rack if the wiring standards at your site require such grounding. Your NSG is now connected to power. 3. Complete any other cabling that may still be needed, and engage the circuit breaker to start using the device. Appendix C Advanced Fiber Optic Connections The NSG family supports advanced fiber optic cabling schemes, including cascading of NSG devices, DWDM links and GbE channel redundancy. Cascading The NSG family uses the cascading option to optimize the GbE bandwidth by chaining any number of NSGs together. Each NSG device draws the services intended for it and passes on the rest of the traffic so a total of 1 Gigabit is used. Cascading Single Channels To cascade NSGs using a single GbE channel (and no channel redundancy): 1. Connect the switch Tx to the GbE1 Rx connector on the first NSG in the chain. 2. Connect the NSG GbE1 Tx to the next NSG GbE1 Rx. Continue chaining until you reach the last NSG in the chain. 3. Connect the last NSG GbE1 Tx to the switch Rx. 4. Select the last NSG in the chain. Activate the Last in Chain option. For further information refer to the NSG Online Help. 5. In the web client configure the appropriate GbE channel. 60 Cascading APPENDIX C The following figure illustrates the cascaded connections. Cascading Redundant Channels The NSG family also supports GbE channel redundancy for cascaded NSG devices. To add a connection for the redundant GbE channel: 1. Connect the first GbE channel as described in Cascading Single Channels on page 59, but do not connect the last NSG in the chain back to the switch. 2. Connect the Switch 2 Tx to the GbE 2 Rx connector on the last NSG in the chain. Note: The two channels run in opposite directions for maximum protection. If an NSG in the middle of the chain fails, then units downstream from the failed device can switch to the redundant channel and continue to operate. 3. Connect the NSG GbE2 Tx on the last NSG to the GbE2 Rx on the next-to-last NSG in the chain. 4. Continue chaining in this direction until you reach the first NSG. 5. Connect the last NSG Rx to switch 2 Tx and select the Last in Chain option from the web client. 61 Advanced Fiber Optic Connections Connecting a DWDM The following figure shows the connections for cascaded NSGs with redundancy. Connecting a DWDM If your network includes dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), add the DWDM unit in between the switch and the NSG. The following example shows a cascaded DWDM setup with redundancy, but you could include a DWDM in a non-cascaded or non-redundant configuration. 62 Connecting a DWDM APPENDIX C To set up redundant GbE channels with a DWDM: 1. Connect the first Tx connector on the demultiplexing module of the DWDM to the GbE1 Rx connector on the first NSG in the chain. 2. Connect the NSG GbE1 Tx to the next NSG GbE1 Rx. Continue chaining until you reach the last NSG in the chain. 3. Connect the second Tx connector on the demultiplexing module of the DWDM to the GbE2 Rx connector on the last NSG in the chain. 4. Connect the NSG GbE2 Tx on the last NSG to the GbE2 Rx on the next-to-last NSG in the chain. 5. Continue chaining in this direction until you reach the first NSG. The following figures shows the connections for cascaded NSGs with a DWDM and redundant channels. Note: The following diagram illustrates typical 8108 NSG devices cascading configuration. Typically for the 8204 NSGs only two devices are cascaded. 63 Advanced Fiber Optic Connections Connecting a DWDM 64 Connecting a DWDM APPENDIX C Appendix D Customer Support Information Contacting Harmonic for Technical Support The Harmonic Customer Support group is available to help you with any questions or problems you might have regarding Harmonic products. You can reach them at: E-mail: techhelp@harmonicinc.com Phone: (408) 490-6477 1888MPEGTWO (673-4896) Fax: (408) 490-6770 Harmonic Inc. 549 Baltic Way Sunnyvale, California 94089 Attn: Customer Support 66 Contacting Harmonic for Technical Support APPENDIX D Glossary Numerics A ASI asynchronous serial interface. A DVB- defined interface protocol for carrying MPEG-2 transport streams at a constant or defined transmission rate. B bandwidth The maximum amount of data that a transmission device (cable, fiber-optics link, satellite feed, and so on) is capable of carrying. bandwidth allocation The process of assigning portions of the total bandwidth on the basis of the requirements of the program material. A channel that requires a high-quality picture, for example, a live sports broadcast, should be allocated a high bandwidth. A channel that can be transmitted with a lower-quality picture, for example, a VCR-quality movie, should be assigned a lower bandwidth. C CAS conditional access system. Scrambles the programming material and allows conditional access to the descrambled information on the basis of subscriber authorization. In consumer applications, CAS allows access to certain programs on the basis of a monetary exchange. In commercial applications, CAS allows controlled access to proprietary programs. cascading The concept that NSGs maybe chained together is to optimize the bandwidth utilization of one GbE. CMTS Works as an arbitrator for IP communications over RF networks. See also INA. component A Harmonic hardware product that is a single, self-contained part of the network. conditional access See CAS. data stream Glossary 68 D data stream The continuous flow of information from one location to another. DCE data communications equipment. A device that communicates with a DTE over EIA-232. For example, a modem is a DCE that sends to and accepts data from a host computer (DTE). See also DTE. downstream The direction of the communications service data flow. Broadcast services flow downstream from the service provider to the subscriber. DTE data terminal equipment. A device that communicates with a DCE device over EIA-232. For example, a DTE is a computer that sends to and accepts data from a modem (DCE). See also DCE. E Ethernet A data link (physical interface) developed for local area networks (LANs) that supports transmission rates up to 10 Mbps. Fast Ethernet supports transmission rates up to 100 Mbps. G GbE Gigabit Ethernet. A transmission technology, based on the Ethernet frame format and protocol used in local area networks, that provides a data rate of 1 billion bits per second. H headend The distribution point in a TV system. Hertz A unit of frequency defined as one cycle per second. Abbreviated Hz. Hz See Hertz. I I/O input/output. Refers to a connection that inputs and outputs data. INA Works as an arbitrator for IP communications over RF networks. It is based on the DVB standard. See also CMTS. IP address An identifier for a computer or device on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. Networks using IP route messages based on the IP address of the destination. An IP address is a 32-bit number written in dotted decimal notation: four 8-bit sections, separated by periods, converted from binary to decimal. Each section is a number from zero to 255. L LC A high-density optical connector used for single-mode and multimode fiber-optic applications. Glossary EIA-232 69 M MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group. A joint working group of the International Standards Organization and International Electrotechnical Committee. multimode fiber Optical fiber designed to carry multiple light rays or modes concurrently, each at a slightly different reflection angle within the optical fiber core. Multimode fiber transmission is used for relatively short distances because the modes tend to disperse over longer lengths For longer distances, singlemode fiber is used. multiplex The ability to combine multiple signals over a single communications line or channel. multiplexer A function where multiple signals are combined into a single signal. A device that merges several lower-speed transmissions into one high-speed transmission, and vice versa. O OS operating system. P packet A block of data used for transmission. PID packet identifier. Integer values used in the MPEG-2 standard to identify an elementary stream of a program within a transport stream. pinouts The description and purpose of each pin in a connector. port A port is an input to or an output from a component, an adapter, or a module. Q QAM quadrature amplitude modulation. Transmits 4 bits (16 QAM) to 8 bits (64 QAM) at the same time by varying the phase and amplitude of a signal. QAM can only be used on very quiet transmission media, such as downstream-only coaxial cable or fiber, because amplitude modulation is susceptible to interfering signals. R redundancy A back-up system of Harmonic components that ensures uninterruptable service in the event of a component failure. EIA Electronic Industries Alliance. A U.S. trade organization that is responsible for establishing hardware interface standards. EIA-232 An EIA standard interface for connecting serial devices (DCEs), such as modems, monitors, mice, and serial printers to a DTE. EIA-232 supports the 25-pin D-type connector (DB-25) and a 9-pin D-type connector (DB-9). SFP Glossary 70 S SFP small form factor pluggable transceiver. singlemode fiber Optical fiber designed for the transmission of a single ray or mode of light as a carrier and is used for long-distance signal transmission. For short distances, multimode fiber is used. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. The protocol that Harmonic control and management systems use to configure and monitor Harmonic devices remotely over IP. subscriber The end user of a broadcast system; the person who views programs for entertainment purposes. T transport stream One or more multiplexed MPEG-2 programs. V VAM video access manager. Index A agency approvals ii air inlets 17 ASI cabling 28, 30 definition 67 input ports 4, 7 port specifications 22 ports 22 B back panel 18 bandwidth allocation, definition 67 bandwidth, definition 67 C cabling -48 VDC power supply 28, 53 ASI cables 28 DWDM 61 Ethernet ports 30 fiber optic cables 28, 59 NSG 27 RF cables 29 CAS definition 67 support 6, 8 cascading 59, 67 chassis 4, 7, 9 CMTS, defined 67 compliance and approval ii component, definition 67 conditional access definition 67 support 6, 8 connectors, RJ-45 21 conventions viii customer support, contacting 65 D data stream, definition 68 DCE, definition 68 disclaimer ii downstream, definition 68 DTE, definition 68 DWDM, cabling 61 dynamic change 5, 8, 10 E EIA, definition 69 EIA-232 ports 21 Ethernet configuring ports 31 definition 68 pinout 21 Ethernet Connection 31 F FCC ii FCC, compliance ii Features and specifications 4 fiber optic cables, connecting 28 filtering 5, 8 firmware G Index 72 upgrading via FTP 38 upgrading via MCT 38 front panel 15 front panel LEDS 5 FTP firmware 38 fuse, removing and replacing 51 G GbE 68 connecting cables 28 input ports 7, 9 port specifications 23 ports 22 Gigabit Ethernet 68 H Harmonic equipment, modifying ii Harmonic, contacting 65 headend, definition 68 Hertz, definition 68 Hz, See Hertz. 68 I I/O, definition 68 INA, definition 68 IP address definition 68 setting 33 L LC 68 LEDs 16 on 8108 5, 8 on 8204 9 M maintenance, fuses 51 MCT upgrading firmware 38 monitoring ASI output 25 of 8108 6, 9 of 8204 10 Motorola pre-encryption 6 MPEG, definition 69 multi-mode fiber 69 multiplex, definition 69 multiplexer, definition 69 N notational conventions viii O OS, definition 69 P packet, definition 69 PIDs, definition 69 pinouts definition 69 EIA-232 22 Ethernet 21 ports ASI 22 cabling Ethernet 30 definition 69 EIA-232 21 Ethernet 21, 31 GbE 22 RF 25 RF monitoring 17 power consumption 20 power supply, description 20 PSI generation 6, 9 Q QAM definition 69 modulators 5, 7 R redundancy cabling diagram 61 definition 69 RF output ports 5, 7 RJ-45 connector 21 Index W 73 S SFP 22, 70 single-mode fiber 70 Small Form Factor Pluggable. See SFP SNMP definition 70 support 6, 8, 10 subscriber, definition 70 T technical support, contacting 65 trademark acknowledgments ii transceiver 70 transport stream, definition 70 U UL ii Unpacking 27 W web client starting 36 W Index 74