INTELLIGENT SENSOR ARCHITECTURE BASED ON CYBERPHYSICAL SYSTEMS FOR BEHAVIOR DETECTING IN WOOD DRYING PROCESSES

Otavio CHASE, J. Felipe ALMEIDA, Raykleison MORAES LASIC/ICIBE/UFRA, Cyberphysical Systems Laboratory of Cyberspatial Institute at Federal Rural University of Amazonian, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves, n 2501, Montese, P.C. 66077-530, P.O. Box: 917, Belem-Para-Amazonia Brazil chase@ieee.org, wirelinux@ciberfisica.org, raykleison.moraes@ufra.edu.br

Alcir T. O. BRANDO, Renan R. LOBO LTPF/ISARH/UFRA, Technology Forest Products Laboratory of Social Environmental and Water Resources Institute at Federal Rural University of Amazonian, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves, n 2501, Montese, P.C. 66077-530, P.O. Box: 917, Belem-Para-Amazonia Brazil brandao.alcir@gmail.com, renanrlobo@hotmail.com

Abstract The use of more than one sensor to monitor a process is a common practice nowadays. Different kinds of sensors need to be integrated in a system in order to obtain some characteristic of the process. The focus of this work is developing new methods in design and construction of intelligent sensors based on Cyberphysical systems (CPS) concept to the particularities of the Wood Drying Processes (Microclimate). This paper presents the development of a prototype of a system for remote data acquisition of environmental variables called BRASSEN (acronym to Blue Rain Analyses System Sensor). The system performs all the functions of a Datalogger and has the task of analyzing climate behaviors in Environmental and Wood Drying Process by an intelligent agent, which contains expert systems of the standards related to environmental variables of temperature and relative humidity, and your relation with Wood Oven Dryer. Key words: Wood drying, drying behavior, quick test, Technologies for Wood.

Introduction Bayne (2008) says the Cyberphysical Systems (CPSs) are internetworked information systems responsible for governance of physical processes. Examples include aircraft autopilots, industrial-process control, civil-emergency management, military command and control systems, forest and urban climate. The identity and behavior of such systems are defined at the intersection of information, geophysical, and social domains in a word, cyberspace . The design of such systems, therefore, requires understanding the joint dynamics of computers, software, networks, and

physical processes. Chase and Almeida (2011) has developed the BRASSEN is a wireless sensor network (WSN) with features like time synchronization and geographic information system (GIS) that collects localization and data of each sensor node. Each node has one SHT75 high precision sensor of temperature and humidity, the embedded computer is a PIC18F252 microcontroller; The Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4) module is the wireless interface of communication of remote computer. The wood oven dryer behaviors that must detect are LOW MOISTURE, AVERAGE MOISTURE, and HIGH MOISTURE.

Figure 1 BRASSEN and node one.

Figure 2 Hardware of node: SHT75, ZIGBEE Module and Embedded Computer PIC18F252

Methodology Chase, Almeida (2012) and Brando (1989) studied the integration of these variables (temperature and humidity) in a single substrate is a vital challenge to achieve integrated information of each sensor for use with math and empiric Wood Drying Process models of their relationships and create the expert system rules; The classes of each attribute are defined as: "HIGH MOISTURE", "AVERAGE MOISTURE" and "LOW MOISTURE" comprises the "55% to 100%", "24% to 54%" and "0% to 23%" respectively. These interval values are based on experiments of drying wood native of the Amazon region by works of Brando (1990) and Jankowsky (1988) together with the observation, in laboratory experiments, of the shape obtained after contact drying are at the origin of this work.

Figure 3 Sensor node one immersed in a wood oven dryer (LTPF/ISARH/UFRA)

Results and Discussion The BRASSEN experiment has been conducted at 13:00 pm on April 18, 2011 in Technology Forest Products Laboratory at Federal Rural University of Amazon UFRA. The sample time of acquire is fifteen minutes. The degree of accuracy of whole system is approximately 90%, and may improve with the addition of more nodes in wood oven dryer.

Table 1 Test Measurement Sensor inside the Oven Dryer Wood HOUR 13h00min 13h15min 13h30min 13h45min 14h00min TEMPERATURE 40.0C 60.1C 68.4C 82.0C 91.5C HUMIDITY 60% 36% 27% 14% 6% BEHAVIOR DETECTING HIGH MOISTURE AVERAGE MOISTURE AVERAGE MOISTURE LOW MOISTURE LOW MOISTURE

Conclusions The analysis of wood drying process (physical environment) by qualitative knowledge (intelligent agents) obtained reliable results when compared to quantitative models. When the mathematical model of climate behavior is unknown, then use qualitative models that are commonly based on empirical knowledge. The empirical knowledge when translated into the rules with the use of algorithmic techniques (especially fuzzy and information entropy) becomes a reliable and safe solution. By identifying the levels of influence of each attribute is also possible to determine strategies for creating mathematical models of Wood Drying Processes. Bibliographic references J.S. Bayne. Cyberspatial Mechanics. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part B: Cybernetics, Vol.38, NO. 3, EUA, June 2008. Brando A. and Perr P., 1996 - The Flying Wood, - A quick test to characterise the drying behaviour of tropical woods, 5h International IUFRO Wood Drying Conference, 315-324, Qubec. Brando, A. Determinao de metodologia para a indicao de programas de secagem de madeiras. 1989. 100 p. (Mestrado em Cincias Florestais) Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de So Paulo, Piracicaba, 1989. Brando, A.; Jankowsky, I. P. A screening to select kiln schedules. Wood Drying Working Party. In: IUFRO World Congress, 1990. Proceedings. Quebec, 1990. Jankowsky, I. P. Drying tropical wood for quality products. In: IUFRO Al; Division 5 Meeting, Wood drying working party, So Paulo, 1988. Proceedings. , Wood Drying Working Party ,1988, p. 1-7. Chase, O.A., Sampaio, M.H.K, Brito-de-Souza, J.R., J. Felipe Almeida. Sensory Platform Architecture Based on Cyberphysical Systems for Climate Behaviors Detecting in Urban Forest Environments. IEEE Sensors Conference, p. 15671570, ISSN/ISBN: 9781424492909, Limerick, Ireland, UK, 2011. Chase, O.A., Sampaio, M.H.K, Brito-de-Souza, J.R., J. Felipe Almeida. Data Acquisition System: An Approach to the Amazonian Environment. IEEE Latin America Transactions, Vol 10, No. 2, March 2012, ISSN/ISBN: 15480992, BRA, 2012.