COMPARISON OF PTC 4.1 AND PTC 4.

0
Sl No Parameter PTC 4.1 Efficiency is calculated based on gross heat input. Effgross = 100 - { L / (Hf + B) } x 100 % Hf : Losses in kcal/kg

Annexure -2
PTC 4.0 Efficiency is calculated based on fuel heat input (HHV). Efffuel = 100 (QpL - QpB) % QpL : Losses in %

01

Definition of efficiency

02

Reference temperature at which heat losses are calculated. Heat content in Credits and losses calculation Heat Credits: Sensible heat in fuel and air above or below reference

B : Heat credits in kcal/kg Reference air temperature is not specified by the code. Based on specific heat. Curves are used to determine the specific heat. In some cases fixed values are used. (Please refer sl no 19 to 21).

QpB : Heat credits in % 77 deg F (25 deg C) shall be used as reference temperature. Based on enthalpies. Polynomial equations (as a function of temperature) are used to determine enthalpies.

03

04

temperature kW consumption of auxiliaries like Mills, circulating pumps.

Treated as heat input and added to HHV

Treated as heat credit and added to efficiency directly.

A test uncertainty level shall be agreed to 05 Uncertainty Analysis Not required. with the Customer. Uncertainty of the test results must be calculated and agreed upon limit must be met for the efficiency. There is no abbreviated test. "Unmeasured losses" must be estimated. Output is defined as energy absorbed by the working fluid that is not recovered within the steam generator envelope. In addition to efficiency, this code can be used for determining parameters like, output, capacity, steam temperature control range, excess air, pressure drops, sulphur capture, exit flue gas and entering temperatures, air infiltration, calcium to sulphur molar ration, flow rates

06

Abbreviated Efficiency test

Allowed with agreed unmeasured losses. Output is defined as energy absorbed by the working fluid. Used for testing only the efficiency

07 08

Output Performance Parameters

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of fuel, air and flue gas. 09 Combustion calculations Loss due to moisture from 10 combustion of hydrogen and moisture in fuel Measured O2 and CO2 are the basis for combustion calculation Partial pressure is calculated and the enthalpy of water vapour is determined at this partial pressure. Measured O2 and fuel analysis are the basis for combustion calculation Partial pressure is taken as 1 psia as the enthalpy of water vapour does not change significantly at low partial pressures. Radiation loss is calculated based on the input surface area and temperatures for boiler and equipments and ambient air velocity. Can be calculated based on the test data of cooling water and residue flow and Calculated based on the cooling water 12 Ash pit loss (Bottom radiation loss + sensible heat in residue) flow and temperature, residue flow and temperature in the bottom ash handling system. temperature. Option for simplified calculation with recommended radiation heat flux is allowed as per code and if agreed by Customer. Suggested heat flux is 10000 btu/hr ft2. Sensible heat in residue shall be calculated in this case. 13 14 15 16 Heat loss due to NOx Pulveriser reject loss CO and Unburned hydro carbon loss Losses and credits for sorbent reactions Hot air quality control equipment loss (mechanical dust collector or hot precipitator located between boiler exit and AH inlet) Heat supplied by sensible heat of fuel Sensible heat loss in bottom ash Not included. Chemical heat is taken for loss calculation Included. Not included Included as new item Chemical as well as sensible heat is considered. Included. Different calculation method. Included.

11

Radiation loss

Taken as per ABMA radiation loss curve.

17

Not included

New item

18

Mean specific heat for coal is 0.3 btu / lb deg F Cp of bottom ash : 0.25 btu / lb deg F

Enthalpy of coal is calculated from proximate analysis. Enthalpy of ash is calculated based on the temperature at various locations. 2000 o F is recommended if not measured Enthalpy of ash is calculated based on the temperature at various locations.

19

20

Sensible heat loss in fly ash

Cp of fly ash : 0.20 btu / lb deg F

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Prepared by: V.Balarathinam. SDGM/R & D.

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