ABSTRACT Half the inhabitants of Earth cook over wood-fires.

Nearly half the world's wood supply is used as fuel. But there's not enough of it to go round - more than 2 billion people now face shortages of fuel-wood. Forests in the developing countries are shrinking by more than 15million hectares a year. The critical forest to people ratio has never been lower worldwide, it is now less than half what it was in 1960.The obvious answers are to plant more trees, and to stop people burning the trees that are left. But those in need do not have access to alternative fuels, and forestation schemes take years to produce their harvest, if they work at all, which they often don't. In fact the schemes that work the best are those in which local communities are most involved and are the main beneficiaries. And the main local benefit is usually a sustained supply of firewood. Meanwhile, deforestation leads to soil erosion, floods and climate change, severe environmental degradation, and increasing poverty and hunger. It's a complex problem, like all environmental problems. But there's one simple answer, that can save millions of trees, provide clean, safe drinking water, doesn't smoke, and costs very little, solar cookers, which can be made from cardboard cartons.

OBJECTIVES 1. To less use electricity. 2. To reduce air pollutants that cause global warming. 3. Can be used to cook food or pasteurize water during emergencies when other fuels and power sources. INTRODUCTION The idea of solar cooking and the ability to cook food safely with solar energy have existed for almost 300 years. Solar cookers have ranged from simple glass covered passive solar energy using holes in the ground to sophisticated high tech energy storing cookers with reflectors and sun tracking capabilities. Solar cooking is the simplest, safest, most convenient way to cook food without consuming fuels or heating up the kitchen. Many people choose to solar cook for these reasons. But for hundreds of millions of people around the world who cook over fires fueled by wood or dung, and who walk for miles to collect wood or spend much of their meager incomes on fuel, solar cooking is more than a choice. It is a blessing for millions of people who lack access to safe drinking water and become sick or die each year from preventable waterborne illnesses, solar water pasteurization is a life saving skill. The World Health Organization reports that in 23 countries 10% of deaths are due to just two environmental risk factors: unsafe water, including poor sanitation and hygiene; and indoor air pollution due to solid fuel use for cooking. There are numerous reasons to cook the natural way with the sun.

PROBLEM STATEMENT 1. Half the worlds people must burn wood or dried dung to cook their food. 2. Wood cut for cooking purposes contributes to the 16 million hectares of forest destroyed annually. 3. Half the worlds population is exposed to indoor air pollution, mainly the result of burning solid fuels for cooking and heating. SCIENTIFIC THEORY 1. Aluminum foil is used to concentrate light and heat from the sun into a small cooking area, making the energy more concentrated and increasing its heating power. 2. A black or low reflectivity surface on a solar cooker will improve the effectiveness of turning light into heat. Light absorption converts the sun's visible light into heat, substantially improving the effectiveness of the cooker. 3. The smaller the focal point of a parabolic cooker, the higher the cooking temperature. Water can be boiled in seconds using a sufficient sized parabolic cooker 4. The parabolic heater installed on the leg can be varied in any angle so that the cooker can collect direction of sunlight in any angle in maximum range. 5. The magnifying glass can be used to focus enough light energy to form a point of concentrated light which produce excessive heat which fasten the process of heating up the water.

PROCEDURES

Materials : Black cardboard, aluminum foil, binding tape(black), lens, glue, scissor, cutter, spray paint(black).

Students discuss about the shape of solar cooker they want to build.

Student cut the cardboard to build the solar cooker.

Students paste the aluminum foil onto cardboard.

Bind each solar panel with binding tape.

Spray flask with spray paint (black).

COST TO BUILD SOLAR COOKER Materials 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Aluminum foil Spray paint Cardboard Binding tape Glue Costs RM 10.00 RM 10.00 RM 10.40 RM 5.00 RM 2.50

RESULTS (PROJECT TEST RECORD) TIME 8.30 9.30 A.M 10.30 11.30 A.M 3.00 4.00 P.M TEMPERATURE (C) INITIAL READING FINAL READING 28 40 28 42 29 51

CONCLUSION Solar cooker can be used to cook or heat food.

SMK DATO SYED ESA, BATU PAHAT

PESERTA : JAMES WONG YI XIU MUHAMAD AMIRUL HAKIM BIN SULIMAN TAN CHENG JUN

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION PROBLEM STATEMENT SCIENTIFIC THEORY PROCEDURES PROJECT COSTS PROJECT TEST RECORD CONCLUSION