Put the individual in climate context.

HOW MUCH POWER

DO I USE?
Energy is measured in Joules (J)

Lifting an apple from

the ground to the
table. ~ 1 Joule
Power is measured in Watts (W).
1 Watt = 1 Joule / second

40 apples per second

from the ground to the
table = 40 Watts.
Running this Apple laptop takes 40 Watts.
The Power of me:
Calculating my energy consumption

Power, in Watts, is like an average.

The average amount of energy, in Joules, you use each second.

If you do something yearly (like fly 105,000 miles), it contributes:

168,207 kilometers 1 year 1.40 megajoules Joules
1 year
�
31,536,000 seconds
�
1 kilometer
� 7,462
second
= 7,462 Watts

If you do something monthly (like your electricity bill), it contributes:

122 kilowatt ·hours 1 month 3.6 megajoules Joules
1 month
�
2,952,000 seconds
�
1 kilowatt · hour
� 170
second
= 170 Watts

If you do something daily (like drink 1 Energy drink), it contributes:

1 energy drink 1 day 7.84 megajoules Joules
1 day
�
86,400 seconds
�
1 bottle
� 90
second = 90 Watts

So now you can add all these things.

Yearly things + Monthly things + Daily things = your lifestyle in watts.
"Watts per always"

100W

Think of your life in light bulbs....

A 12,000 Watt lifestyle is 120 x 100

watt light bulbs burning permanently.
 SFO TO LHR 41
W W

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Me
7 000 000 000 People
 Per capita power use 2003
Per Capita Energy Use 2003

30
16 Belgium
17 Saudi Arabia
18 Singapore
19 Gibraltar
20 Netherlands
21 Oman
1 Qatar 22 France
23 Russian Federation
25 2 Iceland 24 New Zealand
3 United Arab Emirates 25 Korea, Rep
26 Czech Rep
4 Bahrain 27 Germany
28 Austria
5 Luxembourg 29 Japan
6 Netherlands Antilles 30 United Kingdom
31 Denmark
7 Kuwait 32 Ireland
20 8 Trinidad and Tobago 33 Switzerland
34 Estonia
9 Canada 35 Turkmenistan
36 Slovenia
10 United States 37 Slovakia
11 Brunei Darussalam 38 Kazakhstan
39 Cyprus
kilowatts

12 Finland 40 Spain
41 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
13 Norway
15
42 Israel
14 Sweden 43 Italy
44 Ukraine
15 Australia 45 Greece
46 Belarus
47 Lithuania
48 South Africa
49 Hungary
50 Bulgaria
US Average.
10

5
Global
Average

0 10 20 30 40 50
 Energy Use by Region
energy by region [NorAmer-Eur-MiddEast + NorAfr-CenAme & Car+SouAme+Asia(ex MidEst) ]
Power Watts/person
12000

north america

11400 Watts
10000
Average Per Person Power in Watts

8000

Europe

5400 Watts
6000

Middle-east & North Africa

2300 Watts
4000 Central America & the Carribean

1800 Watts
South America
Asia (excluding middle east)
2000 1580 Watts 1450 Watts

0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Population in Millions.
Energy production
Humanity

Units shown in Terawatts (TW) 18 TW

Gas: 3.2 Coal: 3.6

Nuclear: 0.37

Hydro: 0.36

Wind: 0.06

Solar: 0.016

Geothermal: 0.03

Tidal: 0.0005

Plants: 5.2 Oil:5

 Cumulative
Cumulative NationalCO
national CO2 Emissionsfrom
emissions fromfossil-fuel
Fossil-Fuelburning,
Burning,ce-
2
Cement
ment Manufacture,
manufacture, andand
gasGas Flaring:
flaring: 1751-2004
1751-2004
90

80 1 UNITED_STATES_OF_AMERICA 16 AUSTRALIA
17 CZECHOSLOVAKIA
2 USSR 18 BELGIUM
3 CHINA_MAINLAND 19 SPAIN
4 GERMANY_COMBINE 20 BRAZIL
5 JAPAN_COMBINE 21 REPUBLIC_OF_KOREA
70 6 UNITED_KINGDOM
22 NETHERLANDS
23 ISLAMIC_REPUBLIC_OF_IRAN
giga metric tons of carbon

7 YUGOSLAVIA_COMBINE 24 SAUDI_ARABIA
8 FRANCE_INCLUDING_MONACO 25 INDONESIA
26 ROMANIA
9 INDIA
27 DEMOCRATIC_PEOPLES_REPUBLIC_OF_KOREA
60 10 CANADA 28 ARGENTINA
11 POLAND 29 VENEZUELA
12 RUSSIAN_FEDERATION 30 TURKEY
31 UKRAINE
13 ITALY_INCLUDING_SAN_MARINO 32 TAIWAN
14 SOUTH_AFRICA 33 AUSTRIA
50 15 MEXICO 34 SWEDEN
35 HUNGARY
36 THAILAND
37 DENMARK
38 ALGERIA
39 BULGARIA
40 40 EGYPT
41 GREECE
42 SWITZERLAND
43 NIGERIA
44 MALAYSIA
45 FINLAND
30 46 UNITED_ARAB_EMIRATES
47 KAZAKHSTAN
48 IRAQ
49 COLOMBIA
50 PAKISTAN
20

10

0 10 20 30 40 50
Out of equilibrium

Atmosphere
Atmosphere 600 GtC
to Ocean +2
2 GtC/year

Soils
Carbon to
3000 GtC
Atmosphere
8 GtC/year

Oceans
40000 GtC

Accessible
Fossil Fuels
1600 GtC
Vegetation
700 GtC
 Atmospheric CO2 concentration.
380

370

360
CO2 concentration (ppm)
CO2 Level (ppm)

350

340
Mauna Loa Direct Measurement
Hawaii

330

320
Ice Core 20 year Average
Law Dome Antarctica

310
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
year
Year
Temperature Changes around the world
in the last quarter of the 20th century

Trends in °C per decade

-1 - 0.8 - 0.6 - 0.4 - 0.2 0 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.6 + 0.8 +1

-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 +0.2 +0.4 +0.6 +0.8 +1

The aesthetic choice... The design challenge...

?
?
?
?
?
 Climate models:
Physics and chemistry-based computer models of planet

1000
ppm

750
ppm
6.0

650
5.5 ppm

5.0
Temperature Rise, degrees Celsius

4.5 550 Entire cities and countries lost to sea level

ppm
4.0 500
ppm
3.5 20-50% Species Lost
3.0 450 1-4 Billion people face water shortages
ppm
2.5 400 15-40% Species Lost
ppm

2.0
2.0

1.5
10% Species Lost
1.0

0.5 Scenarios

A1B
0.0
A1T
A1FI
-0.5 A2
B1
-1.0 B2
IS92a

1700 1800 1900 2000 2100

 Scenarios:
Guesses at humanity's reactions: "business as usual vs. change"

1000
ppm

750
ppm
6.0

650
5.5 ppm

5.0
Temperature Rise, degrees Celsius

4.5 550 Entire cities and countries lost to sea level

ppm
4.0 500
ppm
3.5 20-50% Species Lost
3.0 450 1-4 Billion people face water shortages
ppm
2.5 400 15-40% Species Lost
ppm
2.0

1.5
10% Species Lost
1.0

0.5 Scenarios

A1B
0.0
A1T
A1FI
-0.5 A2
B1
-1.0 B2
IS92a

1700 1800 1900 2000 2100

 Impact Studies:
Ecosystem, geopolitical, and other impacts, as predicted by climate models
and scenarios.
1000
ppm

750
ppm
6.0

650
5.5 ppm

5.0
Temperature Rise, degrees Celsius

4.5 Entire cities and countries lost to sea level

550
ppm
4.0 500
ppm
3.5
20-50% Species Lost
3.0 450 1-4 Billion people face water shortages
400
ppm Resource wars
2.5
IRREVERSIBLE
ppm 15-40% Species Lost
2.0
2.0 90% Coral Reefs Lost
FEEDBACKS
10% Species Lost
1.5

1.0

0.5 Scenarios

A1B
0.0
A1T
A1FI
-0.5 A2
B1
-1.0 B2
IS92a

1700 1800 1900 2000 2100

What if we choose?

650

550

450ppm CO2 +2oC

(year2000) 368

Preindustrial 280
 Global consumption
Sources of renewable energy.
16 TW

85 000 TW Surface Solar

3.5 TW Tidal

41 000 TW 38 000 TW
31 000 TW Evaporation Land & Water heating
Atmospheric
Absorption
300 TW Hydro Clouds
3600 TW Wind

25 TW Hydro Land

32 TW Geo thermal
7.2 TW Hydro Rivers

62 TW Ocean surface waves

90 TW Photosynthesis 25 TW Ocean

65 TW Land
3 TW Coastal waves
100 TW Ocean thermal gradient
 2033 Energy Mix 16 TW

Units shown in Terawatts (TW)

(carbon-free) Nuclear: 3 r ar

N2
u cle
ew OtheGeothermal ew
N

Biofuels: 0.5 TW
N 3TW
0 . 5

s
uel
2
lF
ssi
Fossil Fuels: 2TW
Fo

Existing Nuclear: 1 other

m
w Ge
Ne
2TW
Existing Hydro / cle
ar

Renewables: E0.5
N u
ing
x i s t
1TW
s
a ble
enew
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ting
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ind

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r 2TW
S
ltaic
o-Vo ma
l
hot r
Thermal: 2 Wind:2
P The
w lar
2TW
Solar
Ne
wS
o
Ne
2TW
2 TW New Photo Voltaic Photo
Voltaic

100m²
100m²

100m²
²

²
100m
m²

100m

m ²
²

m²
0m

100

100
²
0m

m²
0
10
²

10
m

²
0

m
10
0

1
²

0
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10

²
10

m
0

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10

10
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0
0
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10
0
²
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0m
0
0
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1
²
²
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0m
10
10
m²
m²
100
100
²
²
100m
100m

100m²
100m²
100m²
100m² 100 m² of solar cells
100m²
100m²

²
100m
100m
²
every second for the next
100
100
m
m
²
25 years. 15% efficiency,
²
10
10
0
0
m²
m²
10
10
0
0
m²
good sitting.
m²
10
10
0
0
10 m
m 10
²
²
0
0
m
m
10

²
10

²
0

0
m

10
0

m
1
²

0m

10
0

²
10

10

m
0m
²

100

0
100

²
100m
0m

100m

m²
100m²

100m²
100m²

0
²

m²
m²
²

² m
²

²
2 TW New Solar Thermal Solar
Thermal

50m²
50 m ²

50 m ²
²

²
50 m
²

50 m

²
50 m

50 m
m²

m²
²

50

m²
m

50
²

50
m

²
50

m
50
²

50
m

²
m
0

²
²

0
ec.
5

m
m

5
0
s
0
5 ²
² 5
0m 1
m
50
5
m²
m²
50
50
m²
m²
50
50
²
²
50 m
50 m
²
²
50 m
50 m

50 m ²
50 m ²
50m²
50 m ²
50m²
50 m ²
 of25
50 m² years
solar thermal
²
50 m
50 m
²
mirrors every second for
50 m
50 m
²
²
50 the next 25 years. 30%
50
m²
m²
50
50
m²
m²
50
efficiency, well sited.
50
m
m
5 ²
² 5
0
0
m
m
²
5

²
5
0

0
m

50

50

m
²

50

²
m

50

m
50
²

50
m²

²
50 m

m²
50 m
50 m

50 m
m²

50 m ²

50 m ²
50m²

m²
²

²
²

²
 2 TW New Wind Wind

ter

er
met
me
Dia

Dia
m

m
100

100
er
et
er
et
am
Di
am
Di
m
0 m
10
0
10

min.
6

100m Diameter 100m Diameter

10 10
0
12 3MW wind turbines in
m
m 0
Di
great locations every hour.
Di
am am
et et
er er

Or one 100m diameter

100

100
m

m
Dia

Dia

turbine every 5 minutes…

me

met
ter

er
3 TW New Nuclear Nuclear

March
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 12 13 14 15 16
1x 3GW Nuclear plant every
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
week for the next 25 years.

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31
2 TW Geothermal Geothermal

March
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3x 100MW
steam turbines
9 10 12 13 14 15 16
every day for

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 next 25 years.

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

31
0.5 TW carbon (net zero) biofuels?.
Biofuel

1250m²
1250m²

1250m²
m²

m²
²

²
0m

0m
m²

1250

1250

m²
²

125
50

m²
0m

125

50
²
m

50
2

²
5

12

m
1
0

12
²

50
12
5
m

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m
12
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12

0
25

²
m

25
m
0
1

0
25
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²

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² 25
0m 1 m
0 s
1
5
1
5
12 ²
12 ²
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0m
5
5
12
12
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²
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50
5
12
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²
²
0m
0m
125
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m²
m²
1250
1250

1250m²
1250m²
1250m²
1250m² 1250 m² or 1 olympic
1250m²
1250m²

m²
1250
1250
m²
swimming pool of algae
125
125
0m
0m
²
every second for the next
²
12
12
50
50
m²
m²
12
12
50
50
12 m²
25 years.
12 m²
50
50
1
1
25 m
25 m
²
²
0
0
1

m
m
1
25

²
²
25
12

12
0

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12
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12

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50
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125

50
125

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0

1250
²

1250
1250m²

1250m²
1250m²

50
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²
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m²
0m

m²
0m
²

m²

m²
²

²
 km

10000

2000
4000
6000
8000

0
0
RUS

2000
CHN
CAN
USA

4000
BRA
AUS
IND
ARG

6000
KAZ
DZA
SDN
COD
SAU
MEX
IDN
LBY
IRN
MNG
PER
NER
TCD

8000
AGO
MLI
ZAF
BOL
COL
MRT
ETH
EGY
NGA
TZA
VEN
NAM
MOZ
PAK
TUR
CHL
ZMB
MMR
AFG
SOM
CAF
MDG
UKR
KEN
BWA
FRA
YEM
THA
ESP
TKM

10000
CMR
PNG
MAR
IRQ
UZB
SWE
Land area by country represented as scaled stripes

GRL
PRY
ZWE
JPN
DEU
COG
MYS
VNM
CIV
OMN
POL
NOR
FIN
PHL
ITA
ECU
BFA
NZL
ESH
GAB
GIN
GBR
LAO
ROM
GHA
BLR
UGA
GUY
SEN
KGZ
SYR
KHM
URY
SUR
TUN
NPL
TJK
BGD
GRC
NIC
PRK
HND
BGR
BEN
CUB
GTM
YUG
ERI
ISL

km
KOR
LBR
MWI
HUN
PRT
JOR
ARE
AUT
AZE
CZE
PAN
SLE
GEO
IRL
LKA
LTU
LVA
HRV
TGO
BIH
CRI
DOM
SVK
BTN
DNK
EST
CHE
TWN
NLD
MDA
BEL
LSO
ARM
GNB
GNQ
SLB
HTI
ALB
MKD
BDI
RWA
DJI
ISR
BLZ
SLV
FJI
SVN
KWT
TLS
SWZ
JAM
QAT
VUT
GMB
BHS
LBN
PSE
PRI
CYP
SGP
FSM
BHR
TON
KIR
DMA
STP
HGK
MUS
COM
LUX
WSM
CPV
TTO
BRN
2TW Wind
5TW Solar
1TW Hydro
2TW Biofuels
“Renewistan” - 10TW
 US energy consumption (TeraWatts)

3.5

Sep.11.2001.
3

Recession.
2.5

Oil Crises.
2

1.5
Depression.

0.5

0
1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

"The Game Plan" slideset release 1.01, March 21 2008 67

 2008

The year of 'peak waste'

If the average American
were to leave home each
morning with a backpack
full of the fuel they need-
ed for their day:

Oil = 31 kg, 67 lb.

Coal = 29 kg, 63 lb.
Gas = 6 kg, 12 lb.

11 400 Watts.
 SFO TO LHR 41
W W

LHR-
3 W 4

SF
0

SF O
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HT

ATL
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3

O-A
TH DS LIG

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57
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20 W JFK-SFO W LT H CAR
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BOS-ORD S 210 W TION 110
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SFO-JFK 200 W
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What about products?
Consumption Facts
Container Mass 1.58oz (44.9g)
Components per container 3

Embodied Energy Per Container

Total 4,609,420 Joules
PETE 38.81g 3,962,400 Joules
HDPE 4.83g 497,500 Joules
Cellulosic 1.34g 149,520 Joules

Recycle rate 23%

Landfill rate 43%
Energy recovery rate 16%
Lost to environmental waste 18%

Personal Energy Footprint % Daily Value*

Total 4.54%
Transport (avg.estimated) 0.69%
Manufacture 0.46%
Embodied Energy 2.67%
Refrigeration (avg.estimated) 0.71%

* Personal Energy Footprint is based on a recommended 2000

Watt lifestyle.
The average US consumer has a 11400 Watt lifestyle.
! Consuming this product daily is equivalent to increasing your
energy footprint by 90 Watts.

Also contains per bottle

Plasticizers 43mg†
Estrogen 0.12mg†
Carcinogenic Dye 0.19mg†

† Safe daily values not yet established.

There's a known and reasonably predictable amount of
carbon left to burn:

coal oil gas

future future
CO2 ppm = CO2 ppm + 0.2 x TWy + 0.15 x TWy + 0.11 x TWy

1 TWy = 1 Terawatt Year = 3.16 x 1019 Joules.

1 Joule of fossil energy used produces 4.9x10 -21 ppm increase.

How many ppm to replace every gasoline car in the world (1bN) with a
1000kg electric vehicle? = 0.49 ppm

How many ppm for 250 million new green homes? = 8.9 ppm

How many ppm for installing :

5TW solar = 6.1 ppm

3TW wind = 0.55 ppm
2TW geothermal = 0.49 ppm

So there is + 19 ppm right there. Scary.

Might be good to ask questions of form:

How many ppm for 6 bN new laptops? = 0.05 ppm

6 bN cellphones? = 0.03 ppm
6 bN 100 Watt lightbulbs burning for 1 year? = 0.2ppm
 And we will too.
The world demands more and more energy. Where will it come from? We at Chevron
are working to provide more of it, both responsibly and efficiently. And we’re developing
alternatives. But it’s just as important for all of us to do more with less.

We’re doing it ourselves — and enabling others. Our Chevron Energy Solutions
team is dedicated to helping others use less energy. In Colorado, we’ve
worked with the state to improve 20 state buildings. The extensive makeover
is expected to save more than $20 million over the next two decades.

It’s just one of the hundreds of projects that will help businesses and
government organizations reduce their energy costs by over $1 billion.

Join us in one of the most important efforts of our time — using less.

Will you?

Learn more at will you join us.com.

CHEVRON, the CHEVRON HALLMARK, and HUMAN ENERGY are registered trademarks of Chevron Intellectual Property LLC. © 2008 Chevron Corporation. All rights reserved.
wattzon.com
Measure what is measureable, make
measureable what is not.
- Galileo