Shavigh Barseghian Sharis Ghazeri Tiffany Lee Arlette Movsesyan Irene Saroyan Chapter 2-3 ID Questions Ch. 2 1. 1.

Discuss the major factors that prompted England to begin colonizing North America in the early seventeenth century (1600s). (Shavigh Barseghian, Question #1) A major factor that prompted England to being colonizing North America in the early seventeenth century was competition with Spain, trying to gain more land. They wanted more land to obtain more power and to spread Christianity. They dreamed of creating a permanent, little society that would produce the necessary supplies and that become hard to find. The English settlements were able to create a permanent residence that produced great amounts of food and supplies that were desperately needed in England. In the long run, the English benefited much more from their colonies than did Spain. Ch. 2 2. Discuss the conflicts with Native Americans in the early history of Englands southern colonies. Include cause and provide specific examples from at least three different colonies. (Arlette Movsesyan, Question #1) When the English landed in Chesapeake in 1607, the chieftain Powahatan took control over the natives living in the James River area. After Lord De La Warr arrived in 1610, declaring war against the Indians in the Jamestown region, his troops attacked Indian villages, burned houses, and confiscated provisions. A peace settlement ended this First Anglo-Powhatan War in 1614, closed off by the marriage of Pocahontas and John Rolfe. In the Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644 and the following peace treaty of 1646, Chesapeake Indians were banned from their familial lands. By 1669, two thousand Indians, about 10 percent of the original population, remained in Virginia. Many original Carolina settlers, emigrating from Barbados, established a powerful slave trade within the colony. As many as ten thousand Indians were butchered to lifelong labor in the West Indian canefields and sugar mills. In 1707 the Savannah Indians decided to stop their alliance with the Carolinians. A series of bloody raids all but destroyed the Indian tribes of coastal Carolina by 1710. Both regions of Carolina were involved in the relentless tragedy of bloody relations between Indians and Europeans. Tuscarora Indians fell upon the settlement at Newbern in 1711. The North Carolinians counterattacked by crushing the Tuscaroras in battle, selling a good amount of them into slavery and leaving the survivors to roam northward to look for the protection of the Iroquois. Ch. 2 3. How were the five southern colonies alike, and how were they different (think about politics, economics, religion, founding, and society)? (Tiffany Lee, Question #1) The five southern colonies were alike because they were all exporting commercial agricultural products. The staple crops were notably tobacco and rice. Slaves were imported to the colonies in the later years of the seventeenth century. The Church of England became

the dominant faith except for in North Carolina. In Maryland, Protestant England was still persecuting Roman Catholics. Marylands religious statute guaranteed toleration to all Christians. Carolina grew by developing economic ties with sugar islands. Georgia was the last of the thirteen colonies. Georgia was said to serve as a protector of the Carolinas against the Spaniards from Florida and the French from Louisiana. Ch. 3 1. What does the text mean when it says that the middle colonies were in some ways the most American part of America? Which qualities that we think of as American or part of the American Identity were present in the middle colonies and not in the other regions? (Irene Saroyan, Question #1) The middle colonies are referred to as the most American part of America due to many important reasons. The colonies were filled with an ethnically diverse population compared to the other settlements. This relates to America because diversity is one of the main things this country has to offer. Also the people living in the colonies possessed a sense of religious toleration and democratic control. Our country runs on the Constitution and of the rights that the citizens of the United States have is the freedom of religion. Even Benjamin Franklin, who is considered the most representative American personality of his era came to Philadelphia, started a brand-new life, and attained a personal love for the middle colonies. Ch. 3 2. Compare and contrast Spanish treatment of and relations with Native Americans (Chapter 1) to that of the English in the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies (Chapters 2-3). (Look for similarities and differences in relations.) It is acceptable to utilize a chart or graphic organizer. (Sharis Ghazeri, Question #1) Compare: The Spanish and the English both treated the Native Americans very badly and brutally. One main goal of theirs was to take the Natives land because they both saw the natives as uncivilized and vulnerable savages. They also treated the Natives like slaves. They both devastated the Natives with disease and pushed them out of their villages to satisfy their greed for land and riches. Contrast: Spanish Treatment of the Native Americans -wanted more to steal the riches from the land -forced them to work in mines (to search for gold), ranches, and farms -forced them to pay taxes (encomiendas) - forced them to convert to roman Catholics -took their gold and silver - wiped out over two thirds of the natives with diseases that the natives werent immune to English Treatment of the Native Americans -wanted their land - gave them blankets laced with the small pox virus -forced to live in reservations -wanted to wipe out and slaughtered them -raided their villages