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INTERSOFT INSTITUTE
* You do not need to memorize the amount of pins for the exam. CPU TYPES 8088 8086 80286,80386SX 80386DX 80486 BUS WIDTH 8-bit 16-bit 16-bit 32-bit 32-bit
CPU TYPES Pentium Pentium Pro Pentium MMX (133 - 300 MHz)
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100
400
66
100
Pentium III (450 - 1.1 GHz) Pentium III (533 - 1.4 GHz) Pentium IV (1.3 - 2.6 GHz) Pentium IV (2.26 - 2.8 GHz)
100
133
400
533
ATX S.M.P.S.
RED = +5V YELLOW= +12V BLUE = -12V WHITE = -5V BLACK = GROUND (0 V) ORANGE = +3.3 V GREY = +5V(POWER GOOD)
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VOLTAGE OF SMPS
1 RESET = POWER GOOD 2 FREQUENCY = CRYSTAL
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COMMON CRYSTAL
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INTERSOFT MOBILE, LAPTOP REPAIRING INSTITUTE 9824144698 (0261) 2424396 How to identify:
Duties:
14.3 MHz quartz creates a fluctuating standard 14.3 MHz, then the circuit will generate clock pulses from the standard ranges from quartz with a certain rate to create different frequency clock pulse supply the components of the Mainboard.
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An address bus: this determines the location in memory that the processor will read data from or write data to. A data bus: this contains the contents that have been read from the memory location or are to be written into the memory location. A control bus: this manages the information flow between components indicating whether the operation is a read or a write and ensuring that the operation happens at the right time.
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INTERSOFT MOBILE, LAPTOP REPAIRING INSTITUTE 9824144698 (0261) 2424396 SERIAL PORT.
COM 1 / COM 2 PIN 5 = GROUND Two type of cables are there 5th pin and common if ok then cable is the problem. SERIAL PORT CONNECTOR
RESISTORS SOME WITH GROUND IF CHANGED THEN THERE WILL BE AN IC PROBLEM PROTECTION CAPACITOR Remove capacitor if value not shown doesnot need to be replaced
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PRINTER PORT
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USB CONNECTION
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Series A
Series B
Mini-USB Series A
Mini-USB Series B
Standard USB Pinout & Cable Color Code Pin Wire Color Function 1 2 3 4 Red White Green Black V BUS (+5V) DD+ Ground
Mini-USB Type-A Pinout & Cable Color Code Pin Wire Color 1 2 3 4 5 Red White Green Function V BUS (+5V) DD+
Mini-USB Type-B Pinout & Cable Color Code Pin Wire Color 1 2 3 4 5 Red White Green Function V BUS (+5V) DD+
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USB STRAIGHT
ON BORD 1 +5V 2 +DA 3 -DA 4 GND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 +5V +DA -DA GND
USB CROSSED
1 2 3 4 +5V +DATA -DATA GND GND -DATA +DATA +5V
BEFORE START IC GETS VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGE NEW BOARD DISPLAY COMES USB CONTROLLER (HDD USB) HDD
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KEYBOARD
1 2 3 4 5 +5V Ground Reset Data Clock Data (Nc) Not Connectd At 5pin At 6pin All Keys Controll Ics are Different If 5v are not present On Keyboard Then 1 Fuse Will Be check the Continuity Or make a Direct Jumper
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Problem of keyboard *No Light on keyboard = 5V FOR AMPLIFICATION *Key Light on but flickers = LIGHT FLICKER THEN REMOVE CAPACITOR Keyboard controller IC I/O IC to be checked for continuity Light comes but doesnot work = REPLACE RESISTOR * RT 9229 SC680EYB SC1166SW LM2637M KA7500C LX1664CD KA34063P UTS3007CW US3004CW L6916D(28 PIN) RT9222 L6917BD RC5053M SC1164CSW ADP3165 RT9241B HIP6302CB HIP6020CB HIP6119BCB HIP6302CB
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LAPTOP MOTHERBORDS
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INTERSOFT MOBILE, LAPTOP REPAIRING INSTITUTE 9824144698 (0261) 2424396 Mainboard: How to check Mosfet
Mainboard often see lights on the Mosfet is used a lot, they are used in power control circuits for CPU, chipset and RAM for
Comparisons with the lights Mosfet Measurements to check the lights Mosfet Mainboard
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=> If the two-dimensional measure that: - One-dimensional metal just a bit - One way to nearly every scale => The lights are D - S are not short => If the two-dimensional measurement of 0 to see metal as being short Mosfet D - S As illustrated above we see that - LIGHT 1 - not short - Lamp No. 2 - was short D - S
5.2 - Mosfet with coils made collapsible one-way form voltage pulses have pulse width changes from which can raise or lower output voltage than input voltage as you want.
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Mosfet circuit voltage stabilizer in power for CPU (VRM circuit) May 3 - Mosfet is used instead of the port island
Mosfet on the Mainboard is used to replace the island port, the power vacuum G (logic value 1), the D leg lead and lost Mosfet voltage (logic value 0) and vice versa
12V current consumption is about 2 to 3A 5V current consumption is about 1A 3.3 V with current consumption of about 4A CPU uses the voltage of 1.5 V but current consumption up to 10A
=> So the lights on the Mainboard Mosfet often tolerate low voltage but large current consumption, you can not use the lights on the Monitor Mosfet instead on the Mainboard.
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Example 2 : Lamps Mosfet IRF-630 is commonly used on pressure vessels of up there Monitor parameters:
Withstand voltage is 200V but the DS Line between the D-S endure only 9A,
Manual test main card. Guide mainboard change. Mainboard all files
Mainboard a major component in the computer. Damage mainboard will cause the entire system "Stop breathing", "no pictures, no free" or "short chn unstable" or "hang" ... In general "very unpleasant".
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Q-1: No expansion card, AGP, Sound ..., do not get RAM ...
This form of error mostly due to the connection between the main contact with the expansion card, RAM was stained, no contact possible. Handling: Sanitation clean try again or transfer to another slot, try again.
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Mainboard: Denmark created around the clock common mistakes and how to handle
Common errors:
D. clock pulse to mainboard completely paralyzed. When clock pulse sizes take back your power fan does not boot.
Checking:
After checking the source of the mainboard as Vcore, sources RAM, AGP, chipset North, South, the observed light CLK. If lights around the clock circuit well.
Handling:
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Instead try quartz IC clock needs to be replaced (to the right number)
If after processing, check that lights CLK light circuit is added around the clock works well.
Advanced error:
- In fact, around the clock with the PCI slots (CLK bright light) was not found around the clock on the entire department on the mainboard, such as: CPU, chipset North, South, sound, LAN ... - The test clock pulses at other locations is different.
VRM - CPU Vcore power supply circuit Power supply circuit for RAM Generate pulse clock circuit Reset circuit
The mainboard voltage stabilizer circuit has three main sources of the VRM Voltage source for the CPU, RAM and power sources for chipsets. Voltage Feed for CPU and RAM is easy to identify because of CPU resources can be measured through the coil output filter. RAM is measured in feet 143 feet equivalent as of DDR ... Also sources for chipsets only determined mainly by experience.
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- According to the map, chip North and South using the same chip at a lot of different sources. - Chip North: Use the Vcore power, VCC RAM and use resources more 1v5 and 1v8 - Chip Nam: Using direct 5V, 5V STB 3v3 and each source and use of additional resources 1v5 and 1v8. - So when it comes to sources for chipsets it mainly refers to the source is only 1.5v and 1.8v .
Determined by circuit:
- As stated above, the source for determining circuit chipset is based mainly on the experience is. Here are some experiences: - Voltage stabilizer circuit for two chipsets are often in the region between the two chipsets. - When work often foot S 1.5v to 1.8v - IC circuit commonly used to control Mosfet 8 feet. - Some sources Mainboard new model uses the CPU VRM circuit around the circuit.
Note:
- On life Mainboard different uses several different types of circuit voltage stabilizer. - The different types of chipsets use a variety of other voltages.
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124 pin (98+22) PCI 5 volt EDGE connector PCI Universal Card 32/64 bit ---------------------------------------------------------------| PCI Component Side (side B) | | | | optional | | ____ mandatory 32-bit pins 64-bit pins _____| |___| |||||||--|||||||||||||||||--|||||||--|||||||||||||| ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ b01 b11 b14 b49 b52 b62 b63 b94 PCI 5V Card 32/64 bit | optional | | ____ mandatory 32-bit pins 64-bit pins _____| |___| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||--|||||||--|||||||||||||| PCI 3.3V Card 32/64 bit | optional | | ____ mandatory 32-bit pins 64-bit pins _____| |___| |||||||--||||||||||||||||||||||||||--||||||||||||||
The PCI specification defines two types of connectors that may be implemented at the system board level: One for systems that implement 5 Volt signaling levels, and one for systems that implement 3.3 Volt signaling levels. In addition, PCI systems may implement either the 32-bit or 64-bit connector. Most PCI buses implement only the 32-bit portion of the connector which consists of pins 1 through 62. Advanced systems which support 64-bit data transfers implement the full PCI bus connector which consists of pins 1 through 94. Three types of add-in boards may be implemented: "5 Volt add-in boards" include a key notch in pin positions 50 and 51 to allow them to be plugged only into 5 Volt system connectors. "3.3 Volt add-in boards" include a key notch in pin positions 12 and 13 to allow them to be plugged only into 3.3 Volt system connectors. "Universal add-in boards" include both key notches to allow them to be plugged into either 5 Volt or 3.3 Volt system connectors.
Universal PCI Bus Pinouts Rear of Computer :------:------: |- B1 A1 -| Test Reset |- B2 A2 -| +12V |- B3 A3 -| Test Mode Select |- B4 A4 -| Test Data Input |- B5 A5 -| +5V |- B6 A6 -| Interrupt A |- B7 A7 -| Interrupt C |- B8 A8 -| +5V |- B9 A9 -| Reserved |- B10 A10 -| +V I/O |- B11 A11 -| Reserved :------:------: :------:------: |- B14 A14 -| Reserved
-12V Test Clock Ground Test Data Output +5V +5V Interrupt B Interrupt D PRSNT1# Reserved PRSNT2# Reserved
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6 4 2 0 64-bit
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- This is the general form of the most common circuit to lower pressure and steady pressure from 3.3v to 1.5v or 1.8v for chipset. As this form if you have that foot S 1.5 or 1.8, that is the power MOSFET chipset.
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Form a coil and capacitor filter as the VRM circuit (IC RT9214)
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Repair experience:
- When checking the source, just S of the MOSFET measured foot area near the chipset and the chipset 2. If you have 1.5v or 1.8v is OK (For Intel chip chip VIA, SIS, Nvidia will be different) - According to a specific form of circuit analysis which must seek to change accordingly. Most importantly, it kind of. Determining what ic control MOSFET and find any ic equivalent instead. - IC LM324 and LM1117 are very common so no worry from chip instead. Still used in the circuit source voltage stabilizer RAM. - IC RT9214 is a filter type C - L should be measured pressure vessels like the CPU VRM. Can be equivalent APW7120. This usually comes in the form of voltage stabilizer circuit source RAM.
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1. Circuit components:
Feed the four pin 12V IC agitated The driver IC The Mosfet capacity The coil (around the CPU, to identify specific) Input filter capacitor 16V/1200FF ... 3300MF Vcore power filter capacitors 6.3V/820MF ... 3300MF
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3. General diagram:
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- The circuit above, using an IC to control a pulse and 0, 1, 2 or 3 for driver IC for MOSFET operation. Vcore is the CPU power supply.
6. Circuit operation:
- When computer performance Power Good (19 pin IC RT9241 - the first), pin 16, 17 will have calculated the effective pulse PWM1, PWM2 enable the driver IC (1.2 pin IC RT9602) pulse at Pin 4 driver, 12 , 7, 9 controls the closing of the MOSFET to disconnect the main source VCore. - Sources of VCore for this CPU. Then, the CPU will respond to the pin 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (IC RT9241) to determine the source of the request. Respectively as the table below. If you do not receive the signal immediately stop level PWM pulse will not be news VCore voltage output.
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8. Common errors:
- Touch the MOSFET leads to loss of CPU power. Will cause severe damage both the power. Easy to see the MOSFET will heat very quickly after opening machine about a minute. Or maybe by 2 feet by removing G and S from the mainboard.
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Illustrations on the VCC pin voltage is measured for Chancellor Ram drr1. But easy to remember, I would suggest the following legs: - Chan 7: find 1 foot (with a record of the RAM slots) count to 7 feet. - Chan 184: find 184 feet (noted on slot RAM) - Chan No. 143: my own using the legs 143, the position is "from the ground against the plug back into a slot slot on the left (standing up slot RAM) - the length is 143. The advantage is that I have to remember that from the little feet. Just how anti-submarine pearl is a slot OK.
- The foot rest of DDR1 sources:
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- Denmark is also used as chipset, RAM should have nothing to say. How to determine the source MOSFET as well as AGP RAM.
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Start:
Losing power to Bus Ram: RAM is not plugged ku tit tit, RAM plugged in but im re not running (such as error chip North). 3. Source chipset (with a common source of AGP / PCIx): S of the MOSFET leg measurement capacity between the two regions have 1V5 chipset.
If you lose power when the source file immediately heat roasting chipset (even fresh always hot to death). 4. Source for CPU Vcore:
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Lose this source will cool the CPU blades and make sure mainboard not run. If only the ARCH to this is the end. Wish to successfully build Artists mainboard patients diagnosed with ARCH. This is a copy of:
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INTERSOFT MOBILE, LAPTOP REPAIRING INSTITUTE 9824144698 (0261) 2424396 PCI CARDS
PASSWORD
HARD DISK Assemble d assemble Parts detail Hard disk
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RAM TYPES:-
FPM = Fast Page Mode EDO = Extended Data Out SDRAM = Syncronise Dynamic Random Access Memory RDRAM = Rambos Dynamic Random Access Memory DDRAM = Double Data Write I 266 1.25V II 533 .9 III 1333 .25V Laptop Ram SO RAM Single Outline RAM 72 Pin EDO SO 144 Pin SDR DIMM 200 Pin DDR DIMM Micro So DDR2 = DDR3 DIMM = Duall in Memory Module SIMM = Single in Memory Module Statics No Refresh No Capacitor Dynamic Need Refresh 512 Million capacitor 1 Capacitor 1 Transistor in Dynamic 512 Million RAMBUS Static DMA Control = Direct Memory Access ( No Process )
HDD DISK
some have protection on direct with RTC near ic HDD IC plate unremovable RT.C
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POST CODE Memory test card Memory checked in pci 3beep=3beep ram 7beep=display BIOS Bxcd= BIOS (INTERNET BIOS UPDATE) _____________________________________________ Written on m/b if same ic then compatible bios can take i/o ic should same Award = download *bin Rom= *rom Phoenix *bin over avord ______________________________________________ Downloading bios net mb to lpt + serial connected computer meetaer 1st erase file error mean ic dead 2nd erase ok but loading 39 29 49l 5.3v on ic written (If L is there then 3.3v Without then 5v)
499v00ffp=sst496 = 5v _____________________________ UP = 5V
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2. No clock
a first check the clock chip 2.5V and 3.3V power supply is normal b 14.318MHZ whether the starting crystal oscillator, capacitor bad or adverse affect body vibration can not afford to c check the clock chip VTT_PWRGD (intel chipset) d bad body clock chip
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7 Delay start
a. clock frequency, voltage is normal b. clock chip side of the resistance, exclusion, with or without frequency output c. TTL circuits and MS-5, MS-7 is related to the normal line d. network chip voltage is normal or poor body e. BIOS to the South Bridge, the signal is normal
8 Reset Boot
a. check whether the bad BIOS information b. check reset, whether the low frequency c. check FP-RST signal and related components are normal d. PCI lines are normal to the South Bridge e. South Bridge Ontology bad run DD
other
a. check CMOS settings are consistent with the CPU itself, the frequency b. check CPU multiplier signal (4 signals directly to the South Bridge) c. check the voltage settings are normal d. check CPU's control signals] e. check clock chip power supply. output frequency is normal f. check MS-3 (next to the power transistor, the voltage down)
Short-circuit board
1. Observation 2. Touch method 3. Exclusion 4. From small range to large-scale 5. A signal line North Bridge voltage 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V, 1.8V, DDR-VTT, VCORE, VCC-AGP, VTT-VID South Bridge Voltage 3.3V, 25V, 1.8V, 1.5V, 3VSB I / O 5V, 3.3V, 5VSB BIOS 3.3V, 5V Audio chip 3.3V, 5V 8738 is 5V Network chip 3.3V, 3VSB Power management chip 12V, 5V, VCORE Clock 3.3V, 2.5V 75,232 plus or minus 12V, 5V South Bridge PCI on 14PIN have 3VSB
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1, non-maintenance of electricity
1, Southbridge (electricity) 1, Southbridge (electricity) 2, I / O (power supply) 2, I / O (Power) 3, the door circuit (VCC) 3, the door circuit (VCC) 4, XY (both ends voltage) 4, XY (both ends voltage) 5, COMS battery 5, COMS battery 6, Jump (jumper cap) 2.5V-3.3V 6, Jump (jumper cap) 2.5V-3.3V 7, Power-on is not level transistor 5V 7, Power-on is not level transistor 5V 8, 5VSB 8, 5VSB 9, power-on 9, power-on
3, FF maintenance 3, FF maintenance
1, in the voltage of each group under normal circumstances, the amount of each bus-to-ground resistance. 2, CPU to the North bridge 32 address lines, 64 data lines to-ground resistance 350-750. 3, South Bridge to the North Bridge-to-ground resistance 350-750 4, South Bridge to the AD line of PCI-to-ground resistance should be the same. 5, the amount of BIOS, clock, reset, AD line. 6, brush BIOS. 6, brush BIOS. 7, the clock IC power supply. 8, memory, power supply.
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Each phase uses two MOSFET and an inductor. Each phase uses two MOSFET and an inductor. PWM does not provide enough current switching of these MOSFET, so each phase requires a MOSFET driver. PWM does not provide enough current switching of these MOSFET, so each phase requires a MOSFET driver. Usually MOSFET driver is a small integrated circuit. Usually MOSFET driver is a small integrated circuit. Some manufacturers low-end motherboard in order to reduce the cost of using a discrete MOSFET do for driving. Some manufacturers low-end motherboard in order to reduce the cost of using a discrete MOSFET is done for driving. In Figure 16 you can see the basic diagram of a phase plate (loop omitted) from a NCP5359 MOSFET driver. In Figure 16 you can see the basic diagram of a phase plate (loop omitted) from a NCP5359 MOSFET driver. EPS12V ATX12V supply MOSFET and the MOSFET driver (his mark on the "10 V to 13.2 V" and "4v to 15 V). In this diagram you can see two MOSFET capacitance and inductance. This feedback signal and the inductor and the CS + (CSP) and CS-(CSN) pin in parallel. The provision of these pin and a PWM enable terminal EN to activate the circuit. EPS12V ATX12V supply MOSFET and the MOSFET driver (his mark on the "10 V to 13.2 V" and " 4v to 15 V). In this diagram you can see two MOSFET capacitance and inductance. This feedback signal and the inductor and the CS + (CSP) and CS-(CSN) pin parallel. The PWM to provide these pin and an enable terminal EN to activate the circuit. Figure 16: Single-phase schematic diagram of
As you can see in Figure 15, each phase has a PWM signal output. As you can see in Figure 15, each phase has a PWM signal output. Need to explain that the pulse width modulation signal is a pulse-width (duty cycle) change depending on the load voltage, square wave (which is why this
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First, boot no display type fault 1: motherboard does not start, boot-free shows that the memory alarm sound ( "Didi" to call a non-stop) Cause of the malfunction: Memory alarm failure is more common, is mainly caused by poor contact of memory. For example, non-standard memory, the memory of a bit thin, when the memory into the memory slot, leaving some gaps; memory of the finger technique is poor, the surface of gold-plated cheat poor over time, Finger surface oxide layer gradually thickened, leading to poor contact memory; memory slot of poor quality, reed contact with the memory of the finger is not really so. Approach: Open box, with rubber carefully wipe the memory clean of the finger to get down and re-insert memory look, with hot melt adhesive to the memory slots on both sides of the gap filled to prevent oxidation of the use of the process to continue. Note: In-swappable memory be sure to unplug the power cord off the host, to prevent accidental burning of the memory. 2: motherboard does not start, boot no display, there are graphics alarm sound (a long two short tweet) Cause of the malfunction: Normally, graphics card loose or damaged. Approach: Open box, put a good graphics card can be re-inserted. To check the AGP slot if there were a small foreign body, otherwise it would be graphics card will not plug in place; the board for the use of voice alarm should be careful to distinguish the contents of the voice prompts, and then solve the corresponding failure based on content. If the above approach even after the police, it could be bad graphics chips, and replace or repair card. If the boot
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