: BIODIVERSITY

CHAPTER 3

1. Animals can be classified into two main groups :  Vertebrates  Invertebrates 2. Animals with backbones are called vertebrates. 3. Animals without backbones are called invertebrates.

INVERTEBRATES
(without backbones)

VERTEBRATES (with backbones)

COLD-BLOODED

WARM-BLOODED

FISH

REPTILES

AMPHIBIANS MAMMALS BIRDS

Animals with jointed legs

3 pairs of legs ~Butterflies ~Grasshopper ~Beetles ~Cockcroaches 4 pairs of legs ~Scorpions ~Spider ~Mites ~Ticks More than 4 pairs of legs ~Milipedes ~Centipedes ~Shrimps ~Lobsters

Animals without jointed legs

INVERTEBRATES

Worm-like ~Earthworms ~Flatworms ~Leeches ~Tapeworms Non-worm-like ~Jellyfish ~Starfish ~Snails ~Cuttlefish

Their bodies are covered with hard and slimy scales.  Fish have fins and tails to help them swim. They have streamlined bodies help them can move fast in water.  They are cold-blooded animals.  They breathe in the water through their gills.  They are lay eggs. ( External fertilisation )  They live in water.  Exp: eels, sharks, clownfish and salmons.


FISHES

They usually have loose and moist skin.  They are cold-blooded animals  Young amphibians breathe through gills.  Adult amphibians breathe through lungs when on land and through skin when in water.  The females lay eggs in the water. The eggs are fertilised outside the body.  They live in land or water.  Exp: Frogs, toads, salamanders and newts.


AMPHIBIANS

All reptiles have dry, scaly skins to prevent their bodies from losing too much water.  Reptiles breathe through lungs and they are cold-blooded animals.  They have four limbs ( except snakes ).  Reptiles reproduce by laying eggs on the land. The eggs are fertilised inside the females body ( internal fertilisation ).  Exp: Crocodiles, snakes, turtles, and lizards.


REPTILES

Birds are the only animals with feathers. They have beaks and wings, but not all of them can fly.  They are warm-blooded.  They breathe with their lungs.  Birds lay eggs in their nests. The eggs are fertilised internally and have hard shells.  They live in land.  Exp: Owls, ducks, chickens, ostriches and penguins.


BIRDS

      

Mammals are warm-blooded animals. Their bodies are covered by hair or fur. They breathe with their lungs. Some of the mammals give birth to live young. Their eggs are fertilised internally and the young develop inside the females body. Young mammals feed on milk produced in the mammary glands. Exp: bats, whales, squirrels and dolphins.

MAMMALS