Automorphism of E

E is an extension of field F.

A ring isomorphism from E onto E.
Galois Group of E Over F

The set of all automorphisms of E that take every
element of F to itself.

Denoted ( / ) Gal E F .

Fixed field of H

H is a subgroup of ( / ) Gal E F .

The set { | ( ) }
H
E x E x x H | | = e = e .

Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory
(Part 1 of 2)

Let F be a field of characteristic 0 or a finite field. If E is
the splitting field over F for some polynomial in [ ] F x ,
then the mapping from the set of subfields of E
containing F to the set of subgroups of ( / ) Gal E F
given by ( / ) K Gal E K is a one-to-one
correspondence. Furthermore, for any subfield K of E
containing F,

1. [ : ] | ( / )| E K Gal E K = and
[ : ] | ( / )| / | ( / )| K F Gal E F Gal E K = . [The index of
( / ) Gal E K in ( / ) Gal E F equals the degree of K
over F.]

Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory
(Part 2 of 2)


2. If K is the splitting field of some polynomial in
[ ] F x , then ( / ) Gal E K is a normal subgroup of
( / ) Gal E F and ( / ) Gal K F is isomorphic to
( / )/ ( / ) Gal E F Gal E K .
3.
( / ) Gal E K
K E = . [The fixed field of ( / ) Gal E K is
K.]
4. If H is a subgroup of ( / ) Gal E F , then
( / )
H
H Gal E E = . [The automorphism group of E
fixing
H
E is H.]

Solvable by Radicals Over F


Let F be a field, and ( ) [ ] f x F x e .

( ) f x splits in some extension
1 2
( , ,..., )
n
F a a a of F and
there exist positive integers
1 2
, ,...,
n
k k k such that
1
1
k
a F e and
1
1
,..., ( )
i
k
i i
a F a a

e for 2,..., i n = .

Solvable Group

A group G has a series of subgroups
0 1
{ } ...
k
e H H H G = c c c = , where for each 0 i k s < ,
i
H is normal in
1 i
H
+
and
1
/
i i
H H
+
is Abelian.

Splitting Field of
n
x a

Let F be a field of characteristic 0 and let a F e . If E is
the splitting field of
n
x a over F, then the Galois group
( / ) Gal E F is solvable.



Factor Group of a Solvable Group Is Solvable


A factor group of a solvable group is solvable.

N and G/N Solvable Implies G Is Solvable

Let N be a normal subgroup of a group G. If both N and
G/N are solvable, then G is solvable.

Solvable by Radicals Implies Solvable Group

Let F be a field of characteristic 0 and let ( ) [ ] f x F x e .
Suppose that ( ) f x splits in
1 2
( , ,..., )
t
F a a a , where
1
1
n
a F e and
1
1
,..., ( )
i
n
i
i
a F a a

e for 2,..., i t = . Let E be

the splitting field for ( ) f x over F in
1 2
( , ,..., )
n
F a a a .
Then the Galois group ( / ) Gal E F is solvable.