Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
At
Mr. Jagdish.Patel
Batch: 2009-2011
2010-201
Declaration
I the undersigned Ms. Jyotsna L.Ranpariya, student of Master of Business Administration, Gujarat Technological University, declare and confirm that work done by me is original and true to the best of my knowledge. The Project is the result of my efforts and dedication. Moreover it has been approved by the management of falcon submersibles pvt.ltd. and does not contain any material objectionable to them.
Place: Date: Signature: (Jyotsna L.Ranpariya)
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Preface
In the preview of business management course, practical training has get on immense importance in the field of education and this done by GTU University. Our M.B.A. course is the course of administration and managerial activities regarding industries. All industries need good and trained executives to reach out these needs M.B.A. in applicable because it contain both aspects theoretical as well as practical of industries. For practical studies, the university has arranged industrial training programme as subject of M.B.A. II sem. training period is of 42 days. Classroom discussion and theoretical study help as much but are that enough for various angle of business, practical studies help as by providing a golden opportunity to show their skills abroad intelligence. Concerning this alignment, I have taken training at Falcon Submersible Pvt. Ltd. Rajkot. I have collected all information which covers for my industrial training and all these were collected from the concerned department.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am JYOTSNA L. RANPARIYA student of 2nd Sem. of M.B.A. at V.B.N MBA institute of business management BHACHA. This training gives me very necessary practical knowledge and encouragement. At this time I am very thankful to my college, and all the professors who gave me chance for this training and provided guidance for the same My sincere thanks also go to Miss. KomalOza, HR manager of falcon submersibles pvt. Ltd.forhis full co-operation. Also I am very thankful to, who has given us this great opportunity that has helped us to develop ourselves Thank to all. Date : Yours Faithfully JYOTSNA L.RANPARIYA Place : Rajkot MBA SEM-II.
Executive summery
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My stay at Falcon Submerles Pvt.Ltd for these two months has been a highly learning experience for me. I see dual advantage that I was able to derive from my training. Since it was not only a Project focused training where a trainee is assigned a particular task and his work gets limited only to requirements of the assigned project. This report covers a brief understanding of Falcon submerles pvt.ltd. its manufacturing & exporter of submersibles water pumps, open well pumps vertical & horizontal pumps,monoblock V-8, V-6, V5,V-3,V-4 pumps at Rajkot. The project assigned to me was an exploratory study of the training and development of the employees for their improvement at Falcon. To fulfill the task an initial study of Training and Development was made from attending the lecture provide by executive of FALCON society and secondary were collected by filling questionnaire by the employees of the FALCON foundation. This included well structured survey of employees of different department as there are 300 employees in this FALCON foundation with properly structured questionnaire with a view to know following:
1. To know that what type of training is given to employees of FALCON foundation. 2. To find out what are the Development programme of FALCON. 3. To find out various activities of FALCON for giving Training 4. To gain knowledge about how to give training and how to treat the employees at the time of training. To study about how to motivate the employees
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ABOUT FALCON
Incepted in 1994, Falcon Submersible Pvt. Ltd. is a professional and reputed organization engaged in manufacture and export of FALCON brand submersible water pumps, submersible water well pumps, submersible irrigation pumps, irrigation water pumps, stainless steel submersible pumps and pump sets in India. V-8 Submersible Pumps & V-6 Submersible Pumps are hot moving product of company. Since its inception, the company has earned a name for itself on account of its world class quality. Falcon Submersibles is reputed for its ethics, transparency, corporate culture, stakeholder relationships and its contribution to society. With its credentials, experience & resources at command, Falcon Submersible hold prime & domineering position in the Indian pumps market. The organization is managed by dynamic young professionals with zeal and commitment to customer satisfaction and a pragmatic approach to marketing. Falcon Submersible core management team includes:
Mr. Dhiraj Suvagia (Managing Director) Mr. Kamalnayan Sojitra (Executive Director)
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Index
1. Company Profile Industrial Profile Growth of falcon History Achievement Product range Performance Swot analysis Corporate Governance 2.Introduction to the subject The introduction of finance The Concept of Working Capital The Significance of Working Capital 4. Research Methodology Financial statement analysis Market reseches 5. 7. 8. 8. Summary of finding Suggestion Conclusion Bibliography
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HISTORY OF COMPANY
FALCON SUBMERSIBLES PVT. LTD. Company is a fair, famous and competent Company amongst world of Businessman, which has been established in 1994. Falcon Company is run by excellent management system, experienced administrators and skillful Engineers. The expansion and twinkling form of Falcon Company makes it more and more famous and fabulous within a span of less than 15 years. Falcon Submersibles Pvt.Ltd. Company is securing countable development and progress having monopoly in the market in India as well as entire world. The Company is touching the peak of successes with its experience, research & development, Lates machining, the best quality of raw-materials and excellent far-seeing management. The management of Falcon Company maintains good relations and give due regards to business as well as relationship. The management of Falcon Company accepts all helping hands of the Customers, Sellers, Retailers, Suppliers and the member of Falcon Company involved with manufacturing, who has also helped Falcon Pumps to attain new height in the world. As a result of uninterrupted Research work, an Age-Old C.I. Technology Pump used in India is replaced by the latest Energy Efficient Stainless Steel Pump Technology developed by Falcon. It is a much Efficient, Long Lived and Zero maintenance Technology as compared to old C.I. Pump.
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Falcons Managing Director Mr. DhirajSuvagiya has got honor to get UdyogBharati Award &UdyogRatna Award from Government of India due to all the achievement of the company and Continuous research in the technique of the Pump.
There is neck to neck competition between many numbers of industrial units. In the era of 21st century. There are many companies like steel, mobile food, automobile pumps. I have visited FALCON SUBMERSIBLE PVT.LTD and taken training from 2009-2010 have collected all the information from industry. FALCON SUBMERSIBLE PVT.LTD. a professional and reputed organization Engaged in manufacture and export of FALCON brand submersible pumps, submersible water pumps, submersibles pumps spares, open well pumps stainless steel submersible pumps. V-8,V-6,V-3,V-4,V-5,mono block pumps and self priming pumps. Mr.DHIRAJLAL SUVAGIYA is the managing director of this unit.He gave me good guidance & support and information. FALCON SUBMERSIBLE PVT.LTD. is situated in vavdi industrial zone,behind Hotel Krishna Park, N-H 8B at the Rajkot. It is a successful indusry in the field of pump sets. It provides many services to the society also.
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To provide products national and international level at affordable prices. They shall achieve through maintaining product and services that match world class quality and standards.
To produce a product at highest standards of performance as qualitative level. Continuous Improvement in product Feature
Vision :
To be the most cost effective manufacturer and distributors of submersibles on the west coast of India. Falcon will concentrate on the development of quality products for the Agriculture & Domestic Applications. falcon will promote in-house quality awareness through training programs and workshops.
Our thirst for ever improving the services to farmers and member co-operatives is insatiable, commitment to quality is insurmountable and harnessing of mother earths' bounty to drive hunger away from India in an ecologically sustainable manner is the prime mission
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COMPANY OVERVIEW
Name of the Company Registered Office (Address of Factory) : : Falcon submersibles pvt. Ltd. Survey No. 39/4, b/h. Hotel Krishna park, Gondal road, NH-8b, Vavdi industrial area, Rajkot - 360004. Bankers : Bank of Baroda H.D.F.C. Bank Auditors Board of Directors : : RPCN CO. Mr. Dhirajlal l. suvagia Mr. Kamalbhai r. sojitra Mr. Mansukhbhai l. suvagia Phone Fax E-mail Web Year of establishment : : : : : 91-281-2370801 /2/3/4 91-281-2374422 Info@falconsubmersible. Com www. Falconsubmersible .com 28 th October 1994
ORGANIZATION CHART
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The managing group of FALCON SUBMERSIBLE PVT.LTD is as follow: Dhirajbhai suvagiya Kamalnayan sojitra Mansukh suvagiya Himansu kotyak Nitin kakadiya Komal oza Ashvin patel Shailesh kakadiya Paras shingala Ketan vaghasiya N.R,Khan Jitendra kancha Managing director. Director-1. Director-2. Chief manager. Chief accountant H.R senior engineer Purchage executive. Service engineer. senior manager in market. Area marketing manager. Quality control engineer.
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submersible pumps. So, they are exporting in the demandable of country in Dubai, China, Bangaladesh Pakistan. Company makes the submersible pumps in V3, V4, V5,V6,V8. R& D has high exploration in V8. So it is very powerful of drawing water. So, there is very large demand in Punjab, Utter Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat & other state. Due to increase in demand of submersible Pumps Company expanding their production capacity through build up new production department to meet future demand. Falcon survey, in Indian village have most of the villager is not resources in water. So this is major problem in our India. Falcon has decided launce of low cost of submersible pumps. Submersible pumps is very helpful to farmers, because increase in crop. Falcon has crossed the state boundary & spreading in all over nation. But it is also no limited up to country level it has covered good market share of international market now the Falcon working at a global level.
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Company is planning for future in such a manner that it can become a market leader in its workings. To survive in a cut throat competition is a quite difficult for each and every existing organization in the world and as the part of an industrial sector, choice labour laboratories is planning for future development. The company is looking for increasing the domestic market share by way of providing better quality products at least cost. Now a days new research and technology is used in Falcon Submersible. So, new development is increase per day thus future of Falcon submersible is more than good.
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ACHIEVEMENTS
Falcon had received UDYOG BHARATI AWARD for excellent in productivity & innovation as on July 26, 2004. It had also received UDYOG RATAN AWARD For quality & management by Dr. Bhishma Narayan Singh (Honorable former governor of Tamilnadu& Assam). Falcon is also accredited with ISO 9001-2000 company.
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GROWTH OF COMPANY
Falcon was started in 1994 at that time produce only Submersible Pumps & Motors. At that time it produces 50 Submersible Pumps & 70 Motors per day. In very small time falcon create good prestige in the market. In the recent falcon has launched a quite new range of the Heavy Type Motors and the Pumps. The production & marketing of Pumps has been started on 19th April 2004 with almost 3 models. In the growth of the company huge support by strong marketing network has already conquered the national & international market. In the beginning of the year 2005 company launch Submersible Pumps energy saver in different models. In between only 5 year falcon expanded the company. In short, with observing following graph we measure falcons growth easily.
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SWOT ANALYSIS
SWOT analysis refers to the process of knowing strength and weakness internally and opportunities and threats externally. SWOT analysis is useful for framing strategies and tactics. This is more crucial aspect for all companies to draw out their stronger area as well as its weaker area and to match it with opportunities and threats which exist outside. STRENGTH
Focus and investment in equipment, manpower and Time for R & D and design. It has less price in comparison to other companies. 100% on time delivery and high standards of service. Falcons employees are very much loyal in nature. Falcon Pump sets run at very low voltage. OPPORTUNITIES Good opportunity for increase Exports. Good support of Government because of noble cause done by Falcon. Because of good effort of R&D department many new items will come in the market which are in work in progress.
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WEAKNESS
Because of less production capacity compare to the demand, falcon has to reject big order as result it has to suffer opportunity loss. There is no any latest inventory control system so, sometimes because of wrong estimation it has much or less stock than requirement. Falcons finance department is follow traditional thinking so, there are chances of block of money or not proper use of financial resources. THREATS Falcons network is good in India but out of India it is very limited so, competition with global company is very tough for it. Falcon use in production much human resource than machine as result it bear high production cost than other multinational company.
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Products Range
As a result of un-interrupted research work, an old age C.I. technology pump used in India is replaced by the latest Energy Efficient Stainless Steel Pump Technology developed by Falcon. It is a much efficient, long life, and zero maintenance technology as compare to old C.I. Pumps. By using such high standard new stainless steel technology pump, we have saved the high valued electricity at large, which has provided much relief to our development and agricultural country. Also by saving electricity Falcon is in a way, performing duty towards National Service. The effort to save electricity has resulted Falcon Pumps as an Energy Efficient approved by the Government of Gujarat. Manufacturing all kind of Submersible Pump Sets, Horizontal/Vertical Openwell, Monoblok Pumps, and Selfpriming Pumps with 21 series of pumps consisting more than 1300 models. V-8 Submersible Pumpset
100% reliability in your agriculture irrigation. HP Range : 7.5 60 Head Range : 12 325
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Maximum Discharge : 850 1750 LPM Dia. : 128mm OD V-6 Submersible Pumpset
HP Range : 3 25 Head Range : 25 400 Maximum Discharge : 550 1300 LPM Dia. : 142mm OD
.
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HP Range : 3 25 Head Range : 25 400 Maximum Discharge : 550 1300 LPM Dia. : 125mm OD
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V-4 SubmersiblePumpse
4 pumps for 100% reliability in your bore. HP Range : 0.5 1.25 Head Range : 20 122 Maximum Discharge : 20 55 LPM Dia. : 96mm OD
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V-3Special SubmersiblePumpset
3 pumps for 100% reliability in your bore. HP Range : 0.5 1.0 Head Range : 20 60 Maximum Discharge : 35 50 LPM Dia. : 73mm OD
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Multipurpose rugged & efficient well pumps from Falcon Submersible. HP Range : 0.5 10 Head Range : 30 50 Maximum Discharge : 300 1500 LPM
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Multipurpose rugged & efficient well pumps. where similar Machines & Similar Equipment is grouped together. It makes work easily.
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Distribution Cannel
Distribution channel is a link between producer and customer. It performs the work of moving goods from producers to customers. It overcomes the time, place and possession gaps from those who need them. Company should select proper channel for distribution so goods or services can be easily reach into hands of its final users. distribution Channel depends on nature of Financial Resources Business Tradition Product Choice of Management etc The choice of
Marketing Channel There are four levels of marketing channels: 0 Level Channel 1 Level Channel
2 Level Channel 3 Level Channel
Distribution Channel in Falcon By offering a range of high performing Pump Sets and to provide stare-of-art services and after sales support, company have efficient, well developed 1250+ Distributor/Dealer network across the company. We have installed our Pumps in various industries, both for
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residential as well as commercial purpose. Our company is also looking forward to further increase our market reach and offer the products to clients in international market as well as. Following Diagram saws, the Marketing channels uses by Falcon: 0 Level 1 Level 2 Level 0 Level Distribution Channel
Manufacturer
Consumers
Manufacturer
Dealer
Consumers
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Manufacturer
Distributors
Dealer
Consumers
Market Segmentation
Market Segmentation is an act of identifying the different Group of buyers. Market segment consist of a large identifiable group within a market with similar wants, purchasing power, geographical location buying attitudes or buying habits. Any auto industry is a best example for marketing segmentation. Segmentation is an approach midway between Mass Marketing & Individual Marketing. Each segment buyers are assuming to be quite similar in wants & needs, yet no two buyers are really alike. Market Segmentation has mainly two types of approach: Customer Oriented Product Oriented
MarketSegmentation in Falcon
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Company has Market Segment of Product Oriented Approach, which concentrate on provide best qualitative product to the Customers. Company targeted mostly Rural Level Customers as well asalsoUrban Level customers.Falcon divide market as like
Pumpsets useful for deep land. Pumpsets useful for desert land. Pumpsets useful for fertile land. Pumpsets useful for shallow land.
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Product Life Cycle is an important concept that applies product Items. A company has to change differentiating & positioning strategy with changes in the product, market, economic condition & competitors over time. The Product concept comes from the fact that a product sales volume & amount of profit.Profit rise & fall at different stages of the product life cycle. Products required different marketing, Financial, Manufacturing, Purchasing & Human resource strategies in each of their life cycle. Product Life Cycle has commonly four stages:
Pr
o fi
S a le s
Sa
le s
&
P ro fit T im e
L o s s e s & In v t.
P ro d u c t D e v p t.
In to d u c tio n
G ro w th
M a tu rity
D e c lin e
Introduction A period of slow growth as the product is introduced in the marker. Here heavy expenses incurred with product introduction. Growth
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A growth is a period of rapid market acceptance and profit improvement. Here, we put V-4 and V-6 pumpset because it is standard item of company. In market it demand is quite high than other model. Maturity A maturity is a period of slowdown in sales growth and profit stabilized of decline because of increase competition. Decline A decline is a period when sales show a down ward profits.
Product Life Cycle in Falcon Falcon product have been glorified with ISO 9001 2000 QMS Certification, Since 1995 manufacturing a different submersible pumsets and they are in some product have in growth stage while some are in maturity stage because they got National award for Quality Products By Government of India. So in the Market to maintain Level of Product is most important for the company. Products of Falcon are in Growth Stage, Because of some reasons like Competition becomes high Sales becomes high Products are accepted by most potential buyers Rapid Market Growth etc
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FalconNetwork in India :-
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PLANT LAYOUT
Arrangement of Machines, Equipment & Tools with in A Factory so that each operation is performed at the point of greatest convenience Proper Plant Layout is one of the keys of success in factory management. It signifies arrangement of Machines, Work area, Transport, Storing of materials & Processing of Different Part. Plant Layout in Falcon Company has Plant Layout Structure where similar Machines & Similar Equipment is grouped together. It makes work easily. Following are Objectives for arrange Plant Layout in Company Minimization of Material handling Easy Supervision & Control Better Working Condition Ideal time can be saved Quality Product Proper Utilization of area High Turnover Small operating cycle Reduce the Transportation
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Take motor body for assembly Fit lower housing Fit thrust bearing Fit rotor Fit (Upper housing) Fit impeller & nut Fit casing Foundation stand fit Fit PCD cup in lower housing Check play & free running
Ok open well assembly Testing & major test Numbering Cleaning & painting Packing Dispatch
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Plant Location
Plant Location is the process of determining a geographical site for a firms operations achieving maximum operating economy & Effectiveness. Location ultimately has the power to make or break a Companys business strategy. Mc Kinsey Factors of Exact Site Regional Location Decision Selection of Community Selection of Exact Site
Plant Location in Falcon These are some factors affecting in selection of proper Plan Location Choice of Exact Site Suburban Area Regional Location Decision Availability of Power Transportation Facilities Government Policies Selection of Community Availability of Labor Availability of Fire Fighting Facilities Local Taxes & Restriction
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Government Policies Near to Urban Area Selection of Exact Site Area of Land Available, topography & Cost of Land Community attitude
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Grievance Management
According to Beach Grievance is any dissatisfaction or feeling in justice in connection with ones employment situation. i.e. bought to the attention of the management. In a simple world, Grievance is conflicts or misunderstanding within organization. If it cannot solve during certain time, it affects efficiency, effectiveness productivity and harmony ofthe company.
Cause of Grievance
Poor relationship with higher authority Tight Production Standard Dissatisfaction Overtime Transfer
Streak, Rules & Regulations
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Finance is considered as the Life Blood of the Business without finance no business activity is possible. So for and organization it is must have a large amount of finance and for this it should have finance department. Finance management is the custodies of corporate funds. It has to plan, organize and control the finance of the enterprise. The chief duties of financial management are, however, planning and control of corporate the finances. Finance management has to play very important i.e. first to manage financial resource, then to distribute that finance among the various department according to their need and lastly has to check whether it is used in right way or not. Thus, only finance gathering has not become the goal or aim of finance management but is holds a key position in top management of companies. Finance department manage finance deferent types like Capital Structure Financial Structure Source of finance Working capital management Inventories management Cash management
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MANAGINGDIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DIRECTO
DIRECTO
ACCOUNT MANAGER
SR. ACCOUNTANT
CLERK
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Company use Equity share in its capital structure because in this types of capital structure According to Gersternberg Capital Structure refers to the make up of firms Capitalization In other words, it represents mix of different sources of long-term funds in the total Capitalization of the Company. Pattern of Capital Structure Capital Structure with Equity Shares only. Capital Structure with both Equity Shares & Preference Shares. Capital Structure with Equity Shares & Debentures. Capital Structure with Equity Shares, Preference Shares & Debentures.
Falcon has capital structure with Equity that not necessary for company to pay dividend every year.
Particulars
Share capital + + + Reserve & surplus Secured loan Unsecured loan
Amt (Rs)
9,80,000.00 3,47,657.85 1,44,49,108.99 1,10,97,200.52
TOTAL
2,68,73,967.36
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Financial Structure refers to the way the Firms assets are financed Financial Structure Planning is an important executive function of Finance department, Financial Structure is a Plan for Capital Investment of the company. Financial Structure is planned: Three things should be consider while
Financial Structure becomes helpful to the company or Firm While Manager Plan for Capital Investment. Financial Structure includes both Long term as well as Short term of fund.
Long run i.e. for Fixed Assets Short run i.e. for Working Capital Financial Structure in Falcon
Long run Financial Structure at the end of the year 2009 10 Particulars Fixed Assets Depreciation Net Fixed Assets Amt. as on 31-3-2010 21,364,182.01 2,132,705.75 19,231,476.26
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Source of Finance
Finance is Life blood of any Business. The Business cant run efficiently if they havent enough amounts of finance. The company have need finance in different time different amount and they have many source of finance for fulfill its need. The decision about source of finance is a tuff task of a company. The source from which a business meets its financial requirements can be classified as follows: Classification of Sources of Finance o Security Financing Shares & Debentures o Internal Financing Depreciation Fund Return Earning Fund o Loan Financing Short term Loans Long term Loans Source of Finance in Falcon Classification of Sources of Finance at the end of the Year 2009 10 Security Financing
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Internal Financing
Internal Sources Depreciation Fund Retained Earning Total Internal Financing Amt. (Rs.) ---10,383,962.46 10,383,962.46
Loan Financing Sources Shortterm Loans Longterm Loans Total Loan Financing Amt. (Rs.) 7,846,679 53,803,085 61,649,764
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Working Capital Management is the Capital Requirement of a business. It is required for the Period when there is a time gap between the sales of goods and Receipt of each. In case adequate working capital is not available of this period, the Company will not be in a position to sustain the sales since it may not be in a Position to purchase raw material, pay wages & other expenses required for Manufacturing the foods to be sold & without sales company cannot earns Sufficient profit & Finally it affects reputation of a company. So management of working capital is necessary & primary need of a company.
It refers to the firms total investment in total Current or It is the excess of current assets over current
Working Capital Management in Falcon o Concept of Working Capital pending Gross Working Capital: Rs. 46,075,596.71 Net Working Capital: Rs. 17,675,795.71
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Particular Current Assets Inventories Sundry Debtors Cash Loan & Advances (i) Current Liabilities Liabilities Provisions (ii)
Amount (Rs.)
17,675,795.71
Cash Management
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Cash is a life blood of any types of the Business. It is very important for any kind of business to run successfully. Maintain of that cash is also one of the very important tasks of company. Successful cash management is the half success of the organization. And that is the duty of the finance department and finance manager to provide adequate cash to all segment of the Organization. He has also to ensure that no funds are blocked in idle cash since this will involve cost on terms of interest to the company. Company have not every time same situation in finance some more money for its needed and some time shortage of money but when more money at that time invest it in some where and when its need received it and fulfill company need that is cash management and that can help to company to preservation of company reputation. A sound cash management scheme, therefore, maintains the balance between objectives of liquidity and cost. Cash Management in Falcon Motive for holding cash in this company Transaction Motive: For meet routine business payments
Precautionary Motive:
For meet unexpected business cash needs For keep minimum amt with bank to get benefits
Compensation Motive:
Capital required for a business can be classified under two main categories via, 1) Fixed Capital
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2)
Working Capital
Every business needs funds for two purposes for its establishment and to carry out its day- to-day operations. Long terms funds are required to create production facilities through purchase of fixed assets such as p&m, land, building, furniture, etc. Investments in these assets represent that part of firms capital which is blocked on permanent or fixed basis and is called fixed capital. Funds are also needed for short-term purposes for the purchase of raw material, payment of wages and other day to- day expenses etc. These funds are known as working capital. In simple words, working capital refers to that part of the firms capital which is required for financing short- term or current assets such as cash, marketable securities, debtors & inventories. Funds, thus, invested in current assts keep revolving fast and are being constantly converted in to cash and this cash flows out again in exchange for other current assets. Hence, it is also known as revolving or circulating capital or short term capital. CONCEPT OF WORKING CAPITAL There are two concepts of working capital: 1. 2. Gross working capital Net working capital
The gross working capital is the capital invested in the total current assets of the enterprises current assets are those Assets which can convert in to cash within a short period normally one accounting year
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Particular Current Assets Inventories Sundry Debtors Cash Loan & Advances (i) Current Liabilities Liabilities Provisions (ii)
Amount (Rs.)
17,675,795.71
Cash Management
Cash is a life blood of any types of the Business. It is very important for any kind of business to run successfully. Maintain of that cash is also one of the very important tasks of company. Successful cash management is the half success of the organize
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CONSTITUENTS OF CURRENT ASSETS 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Cash in hand and cash at bank Bills receivables Sundry debtors Short term loans and advances. Inventories of stock as: a. b. c. d. Raw material Work in process Stores and spares Finished goods
6. Temporary investment of surplus funds. 7. Prepaid expenses 8. Accrued incomes. 9. Marketable securities.
In a narrow sense, the term working capital refers to the net working. Net working capital is the excess of current assets over current liability, or, say: NET WORKING CAPITAL = CURRENT ASSETS CURRENT
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LIABILITIES. Net working capital can be positive or negative. When the current assets exceeds the current liabilities are more than the current assets. Current liabilities are those liabilities, which are intended to be paid in the ordinary course of business within a short period of normally one accounting year out of the current assts or the income business. CONSTITUENTS OF CURRENT LIABILITIES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Accrued or outstanding expenses. Short term loans, advances and deposits. Dividends payable. Bank overdraft. Provision for taxation , if it does not amt. to app. Of profit. Bills payable. Sundry creditors.
The gross working capital concept is financial or going concern concept whereas net working capital is an accounting concept of working capital. Both the concepts have their own merits. The gross concept is sometimes preferred to the concept of working capital for the following reasons: 1. It enables the enterprise to provide correct amount of working capital at
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correct time. 2. Every management is more interested in total current assets with which it has to operate then the source from where it is made available. 3. It take into consideration of the fact every increase in the funds of the enterprise would increase its working capital. 4. This concept is also useful in determining the rate of return on investments in working capital. The net working capital concept, however, is also important for following reasons: It is qualitative concept, which indicates the firms ability to meet to its operating expenses and short-term liabilities. IT indicates the margin of protection available to the short term creditors. It is an indicator of the financial soundness of enterprises. It suggests the need of financing a part of working capital requirement out of the permanent sources of funds. CLASSIFICATION OF WORKING CAPITAL Working capital may be classified in to ways: o o On the basis of concept. On the basis of time.
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capital and net working capital. On the basis of time, working capital may be classified as: Permanent or fixed working capital. Temporary or variable working capital
PERMANENT OR FIXED WORKING CAPITAL Permanent or fixed working capital is minimum amount which is required to ensure effective utilization of fixed facilities and for maintaining the circulation of current assets. Every firm has to maintain a minimum level of raw material, work- in-process, finished goods and cash balance. This minimum level of current assts is called permanent or fixed working capital as this part of working is permanently blocked in current assets. As the business grow the requirements of working capital also increases due to increase in current assets. TEMPORARY OR VARIABLE WORKING CAPITAL Temporary or variable working capital is the amount of working capital which is required to meet the seasonal demands and some special exigencies. Variable working capital can further be classified as seasonal working capital and special working capital. The capital required to meet the seasonal need of the enterprise is called seasonal working capital. Special working capital is that part of working capital which is required to meet special exigencies such as launching of extensive marketing for conducting research, etc. Temporary working capital differs from permanent working capital in the sense that is required for short periods and cannot be permanently employed gainfully in the business.
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maintaining the solvency of the business by providing uninterrupted of production. Goodwill: Sufficient amount of working capital enables a firm to make prompt payments and makes and maintain the goodwill. Easy loans: Adequate working capital leads to high solvency and credit standing can arrange loans from banks and other on easy and favorable terms. Cash Discounts: Adequate working capital also enables a concern to avail cash discounts on the purchases and hence reduces cost. Regular Supply of Raw Material: Sufficient working capital ensures regular supply of raw material and continuous production. Regular Payment Of Salaries, Wages And Other Day TO Day Commitments: It leads to the satisfaction of the employees and raises the morale of its employees, increases their efficiency, reduces wastage and costs and enhances production and profits. Exploitation Of Favorable Market Conditions: If a firm is having adequate working capital then it can exploit the favorable market conditions such as purchasing its requirements in bulk when the prices are lower and holdings its inventories for higher prices. Ability To Face Crises: A concern can face the situation during the depression. Quick And Regular Return On Investments: Sufficient working capital
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enables a concern to pay quick and regular of dividends to its investors and gains confidence of the investors and can raise more funds in future. High Morale: Adequate working capital brings an environment of securities, confidence, high morale which results in overall efficiency in a business. EXCESS OR INADEQUATE WORKING CAPITAL Every business concern should have adequate amount of working capital to run its business operations. It should have neither redundant or excess working capital nor inadequate nor shortages of working capital. Both excess as well as short working capital positions are bad for any business. However, it is the inadequate working capital which is more dangerous from the point of view of the firm. DISADVANTAGES CAPITAL 1. Excessive working capital means ideal funds which earn no profit for the firm and business cannot earn the required rate of return on its investments. 2. Redundant working capital leads to unnecessary purchasing and accumulation of inventories. 3. Excessive working capital implies excessive debtors and defective credit policy which causes higher incidence of bad debts. 4. 5. It may reduce the overall efficiency of the business. If a firm is having excessive working capital then the relations with banks and other financial institution may not be maintained.
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OF
REDUNDANT
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EXCESSIVE
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6.
Due to lower rate of return n investments, the values of shares may also fall.
7.
DISADVANTAGES OF INADEQUATE WORKING CAPITAL Every business needs some amounts of working capital. The need for working capital arises due to the time gap between production and realization of cash from sales. There is an operating cycle involved in sales and realization of cash. There are time gaps in purchase of raw material and production; production and sales; and realization of cash. Thus working capital is needed for the following purposes: For the purpose of raw material, components and spares. To pay wages and salaries To incur day-to-day expenses and overload costs such as office expenses. To meet the selling costs as packing, advertising, etc. To provide credit facilities to the customer. To maintain the inventories of the raw material, work-in-progress, stores and spares and finished stock. For studying the need of working capital in a business, one has to study the business under varying circumstances such as a new concern requires a lot of funds to meet its initial requirements such as promotion and formation etc. These expenses are called preliminary expenses and are capitalized. The amount needed
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for working capital depends upon the size of the company and ambitions of its promoters. Greater the size of the business unit, generally larger will be the requirements of the working capital. The requirement of the working capital goes on increasing with the growth and expensing of the business till it gains maturity. At maturity the amount of working capital required is called normal working capital. There are others factors also influence the need of working capital in a business. FACTORS DETERMINING THE WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS: The requirements of working is very limited in public utility undertakings such as electricity, water supply and railways because they offer cash sale only and supply services not products, and no funds are tied up in inventories and receivables. On the other hand the trading and financial firms requires less investment in fixed assets but have to invest large amt. of working capital along with fixed investments. 2. SIZE OF THE BUSINESS: Greater the size of the business, greater is the requirement of working capital. 3. PRODUCTION POLICY: If the policy is to keep production steady by accumulating inventories it will require higher working capital. 4. LENTH OF PRDUCTION CYCLE: The longer the manufacturing time the raw material and other supplies have to be carried for a longer in the process with progressive increment of labor and service costs before the final product is obtained. So working capital is directly proportional to the
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length of the manufacturing process. 5. SEASONALS VARIATIONS: Generally, during the busy season, a firm requires larger working capital than in slack season. 6. WORKING CAPITAL CYCLE: The speed with which the working cycle completes one cycle determines the requirements of working capital. Longer the cycle larger is the requirement of working capital.
RAW MATERIAL
WORK IN PROGRESS
7.
RATE OF STOCK TURNOVER: There is an inverse co-relationship between the question of working capital and the velocity or speed with which the sales are affected. A firm having a high rate of stock turnover wuill needs lower amt. of working capital as compared to a firm having a low rate of turnover.
8.
CREDIT POLICY: A concern that purchases its requirements on credit and sales its product / services on cash requires lesser amt. of working capital and vice-versa.
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9.
BUSINESS CYCLE: In period of boom, when the business is prosperous, there is need for larger amt. of working capital due to rise in sales, rise in prices, optimistic expansion of business, etc. On the contrary in time of depression, the business contracts, sales decline, difficulties are faced in collection from debtor and the firm may have a large amt. of working capital.
10. RATE OF GROWTH OF BUSINESS: In faster growing concern, we shall require large amt. of working capital. 11. EARNING CAPACITY AND DIVIDEND POLICY: Some firms have more earning capacity than other due to quality of their products, monopoly conditions, etc. Such firms may generate cash profits from operations and contribute to their working capital. The dividend policy also affects the requirement of working capital. A firm maintaining a steady high rate of cash dividend irrespective of its profits needs working capital than the firm that retains larger part of its profits and does not pay so high rate of cash dividend. 12. PRICE LEVEL CHANGES: Changes in the price level also affect the working capital requirements. Generally rise in prices leads to increase in working capital. Others FACTORS: These are: Operating efficiency. Management ability.
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Irregularities of supply. Import policy. Asset structure. Importance of labor. Banking facilities, etc.
MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL Management of working capital is concerned with the problem that arises in attempting to manage the current assets, current liabilities. The basic goal of working capital management is to manage the current assets and current liabilities of a firm in such a way that a satisfactory level of working capital is maintained, i.e. it is neither adequate nor excessive as both the situations are bad for any firm. There should be no shortage of funds and also no working capital should be ideal. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT POLICES of a firm has a great on its probability, liquidity and structural health of the organization. So working capital management is three dimensional in nature as 1. It concerned with the formulation of policies with regard to profitability, liquidity and risk. 2. It is concerned with the decision about the composition and level of current assets. 3. It is concerned with the decision about the composition and level of
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current liabilities.
WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS As we know working capital is the life blood and the centre of a business. Adequate amount of working capital is very much essential for the smooth running of the business. And the most important part is the efficient management of working capital in right time. The liquidity position of the firm is totally effected by the management of working capital. So, a study of changes in the uses and sources of working capital is necessary to evaluate the efficiency with which the working capital is employed in a business. This involves the need of working capital analysis. The analysis of working capital can be conducted through a number of devices, such as: 1. 2. 3. 1. Ratio analysis. Fund flow analysis. Budgeting. RATIO ANALYSIS
A ratio is a simple arithmetical expression one number to another. The technique of ratio analysis can be employed for measuring short-term liquidity or working capital position of a firm. The following ratios can be calculated for these purposes:
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1. Current ratio. 2. Quick ratio 3. Absolute liquid ratio 4. Inventory turnover. 5. Receivables turnover. 6. Payable turnover ratio. 7. Working capital turnover ratio. 8. Working capital leverage 9. Ratio of current liabilities to tangible net worth. 2. FUND FLOW ANALYSIS
Fund flow analysis is a technical device designated to the study the source from which additional funds were derived and the use to which these sources were put. The fund flow analysis consists of: a. b. Preparing schedule of changes of working capital Statement of sources and application of funds.
It is an effective management tool to study the changes in financial position (working capital) business enterprise between beginning and ending of the financial dates.
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3.
A budget is a financial and / or quantitative expression of business plans and polices to be pursued in the future period time. Working capital budget as a part of the total budge ting process of a business is prepared estimating future long term and short term working capital needs and sources to finance them, and then comparing the budgeted figures with actual performance for calculating the variances. .
Research design simply means a search for facts answer to questions and solutions to problems. A research design is a purposeful scheme of action proposed to be covered out in a sequence during the process of research focusing on the problem to be tackled. It is a guideline for the researcher to enable him to keep track of his actions and to know whether he was moving in the right direction in order to achieve his goal. The design has a specific presentation of the various steps in the process of the research. The research includes both primary and secondary data. The information from the respondents is collected through questionnaire. The primary data was collected form employees of the PCCPL and
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secondary data is collected from the books. The sample size is 60 and samples are selected on the basis of convenient from every department of the company. Questions are framed in such a way that the answers reflect the ideas and thoughts of the respondents with regard to level of satisfaction. For job related factors likert scale (five rating scale) is used in which respondents are required to show their level of satisfaction from 1 to 5 (1= Strongly Agree, 2= Agree, 3= Neutral, 4= Disagree, 5=Strongly Disagree) and for personal factor simple category scale is used and respondents are required to tick at the appropriate box. Some facts revealed in the study are bases on personal observations also Tools of interpretation and analysis
Research Methodology:
I am student of M.B.A, preparing a project on training and developments in FALCON unit at RAJKOT also get the views of employees of FALCON about training in there company.
Objective:
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The main objective for survey of employees about training and development is to study that how FALCON gives training to their employees and to see that are they satisfied with training provided to them. The main purpose of this project is to find How to give training so that they are satisfied.
Research method:
My sample size for the survey is 200 and it includes respondent who belongs to and related to FALCON co-operative society.
Limitation:
The information provided about training in FALCON is from the employees point of view because they filled this questionnaire and from the internet so the information is not perfect reliable.
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Primary Source: In the form of Questionnaires (APPENDIX I) Secondary Source: In the form of articles of periodicals, organizations data achieves & reports prior studies, lecture by executive of FALCON
Type of Questionnaire :
The questionnaire designed contained: Dichotomous questions Multiple-choice, close-ended questions Thus, it was easy for the respondents to select from the alternatives, the one that suits them the best. The data collected from the respondents were then compiled into useful information, classified and tabulated for analysis and interpretation with the help of statistical tools. The methodology, I have adopted for my study is the various tools, which basically analyze critically financial position of to the organization:
I. II.
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VI.
RATIO ANALYSIS
The above parameters are used for critical analysis of financial position. With the evaluation of each component, the financial position from different angles is tried to be presented in well and systematic manner. By critical analysis with the help of different tools, it becomes clear how the financial manager handles the finance matters in profitable manner in the critical challenging atmosphere, the recommendation are made which would suggest the organization in formulation of a healthy and strong position financially with proper management system. I sincerely hope, through the evaluation of various percentage, ratios and comparative analysis, the organization would be able to conquer its in efficiencies and makes the desired changes.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: Financial statement is a collection of data organized according to logical and consistent accounting procedure to convey an under-standing of some financial aspects of a business firm. It may show position at a moment in time, as in the case of balance sheet or may reveal a series of activities over a given period of time, as in the case of an income statement. Thus, the term financial statements generally refers to the two statements (1) The position statement or Balance sheet. (2) The income statement or the profit and loss Account. OBJECTIVES OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: According to accounting Principal Board of America (APB) states The following objectives of financial statements: 1. To provide reliable financial information about economic resources and obligation of a
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business firm. 2. To provide other needed information about charges in such economic resources and obligation. 3. To provide reliable information about change in net resources (recourses less obligations) missing out of business activities. 4. To provide financial information that assets in estimating the learning potential of the business. LIMITATIONS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: Though financial statements are relevant and useful for a concern, still they do not present a final picture a final picture of a concern. The utility of these statements is dependent upon a number of factors. The analysis and interpretation of these statements must be done carefully otherwise misleading conclusion may be drawn. Financial statements suffer from the following limitations: 1. Financial statements do not given a final picture of the concern. The data given in these statements is only approximate. The actual value can only be determined when the business is sold or liquidated. 2. Financial statements have been prepared for different accounting periods, generally one year, during the life of a concern. The costs and incomes are apportioned to different periods with a view to determine profits etc. The allocation of expenses and income depends upon the personal judgment of the accountant. The existence of contingent assets and liabilities also make the statements imprecise. So financial statement are at the most interim reports rather than the final picture of the firm. 3. The financial statements are expressed in monetary value, so they appear to give final and accurate position. The value of fixed assets in the balance sheet neither represent the value for which fixed assets can be sold nor the amount which will be required to replace these assets. The balance sheet is prepared on the presumption of a going concern. The concern is expected to continue in future. So fixed assets are shown at cost less accumulated deprecation. Moreover, there are certain assets in the balance sheet which will realize nothing at the time of liquidation but they are shown in the balance sheets. 4. The financial statements are prepared on the basis of historical costs Or original costs. The value of assets decreases with the passage of time current price changes are not taken
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into account. The statement are not prepared with the keeping in view the economic conditions. the balance sheet loses the significance of being an index of current economics realities. Similarly, the profitability shown by the income statements may be represent the earning capacity of the concern. 5. There are certain factors which have a bearing on the financial position and operating result of the business but they do not become a part of these statements because they cannot be measured in monetary terms. The basic limitation of the traditional financial statements comprising the balance sheet, profit & loss A/c is that they do not give all the information regarding the financial operation of the firm. Nevertheless, they provide some extremely useful information to the extent the balance sheet mirrors the financial position on a particular data in lines of the structure of assets, liabilities etc. and the profit & loss A/c shows the result of operation during a certain period in terms revenue obtained and cost incurred during the year. Thus, the financial position and operation of the firm.
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Achievement of R & D Department Falcon is first inventor of 90 feet head per stage in V-8 pumpin India. Falcon is also first inventor of 50 feet head per stage in V-6 pumpin India.
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Profitability
The main Objective of every company is to earn Maximum Profit. Profit is in central of every activity, every decision so every economic activity is starts to get some return i.e. Profit. Profit is the excess amount of income on expenditure. Generally, Falcons profit margin ratio is 10 % to 15 %. Types of Profit: Gross Profit Net Profit
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Gross Profit Gross Profit saws the amount of sales of goods after decrease amount of purchase of goods. Gross Profit in Falcon Gross Profit = Net Sales Purchase = 64,791,252.33 50,177,636.31 = 14,613,616.02
Net Profit Net Profit saws amount of gross profit decrease amount of expenses of manufacturing the Products. Net Profit in Falcon Net Profit = Gross Profit Expenses = 14,613,616.02 10,142,846.29
= 44,70,769.73
Net Profit Ratio It indicates net margin earned on sales of goods. It helps in determining the efficiency with transactions of the business is being managed. Net Profit Ratio in Falcon
Net Profit Net Profit Ratio = ---------------- X 100 Net Sales
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6.90 %
Current Ratio It indicates the firms commitment to meet its short-term liabilities. Current Assets and Liabilities are converted into cash within a year. Current Ration in Falcon
2010-201
= --------------------28,369,801.00
1.62 : 1
Accounting Policies
Following are some of accounting policies, which are used by the company Falcon Submersible Pvt. Ltd. Method of Accounting Accounts are maintained as per accrual system of accounting, under the historical cost convention. o Fixed Assets Fixed assets are stated at cost. The cost of an asset comprised its purchase price and directly attributable cost of bringing the assets to working condition for its intended
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use.
incurred. o Depreciation Depreciation for the year on all assets is provided for on written down value method at the rate and in the manner specified in schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. o Technical know-how Fees Technical know-how fees are depreciated @ 20% & it is shown in Schedule 6 of Fixed Assets. o Inventories 1. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost of sales or net realizable value. Cost is arrived at by including the excise duty payable on such goods. 2. Raw Materials, Components and Spares are valued at lower of cost of net realizable value.
o Sales Sales are shown net of excise duty & sales Tax. o Excise Duty Excise duty on Finished Goods in stock at year end is shown as a liability. o Investments All Investments are held for long-term and are valued and shown at cost. o Taxes on Income Provision for current tax is made in term of the provisions of the income tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax on account of timing difference between taxable and accounting income is provided considering the tax rates and tax law enacted or substantively
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enacted by balance Sheet Date, Swin accordance with Accounting Standard no. 22 of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. o Audit Company do statutory audit at the end of accounting year. It also do audit like VAT audit, EXCISE audit, Internal audit at the end of month, Vendor audit etc..
Pricing Policy
The payment made for buying goods & services is said to be price. It is maggot determinant of buyer choice. Price remains one of the most important element determining company market share & profitability. It is one of the most flexible elements.
Pricing Policy in Falcon Generally, price of product decided by marketing department but in falcon price decided by R & D department. Companies set a price of the first time when it develops a new product, when it introduces its regular product into a new distribution channel.
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Pricing Objective Company can peruse any of five objectives through pricing: Maximum Current Profit Maximum sales Growth Survival Product Quality Leadership
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Company follows this Procedure for their Pricing Policy Cost of Manufacturing + Overheads + Profit Margin + Excise Duty + Transportation Charges + Distributors Commission + 12% Sales Taxes + Octroi = Maximum Retail Price
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Generally, Price of different product are starting from Rs. 7,000 to Rs. 50,000depends on Model and Transportation and other duties are separate as per States.
Competition
Without Competitor You Can Never Win. Competitor is one of the Important of the Companys success. Without Competition, one cannot know about their Qualities and limitations so company knows how to face this obstacle then it can ensure its survival. While company wants to enter in any business, it has to face first its competitor. Falcon submersibles pvt. ltd.. has many competitors such as,
KEB Ring-man pvt. Ltd. Texmo industry Sabar Lubi ltd. Aroma high-tech ltd
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62ooos.q. 62000s.q. 75oo0s.q. f.t f.t f.t 2100 pump set p.m 24oo pump set p.m Guj. &14 states export 3000 pump set p.m Guj.& 15 states export
11oo 1500 1800 pump set pump set pump set p.m p.m p.m Guj.& 6states Guj.&8 states govt. supply
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Findings
Falcon follows Behavioral HR concept. Falcon focus on quality of product than price. Falcon is initial stage in international business. Falcon does not forget their customer even if he purchase one times. Company always calls in annual function. So, this maintain harmony between customer and company.
Falcon is first inventor of 90 feet head per stage in V-8 pump and 50 feet head per stage in V-6 pump in India.
Falcon is running by excellent management system, experienced administrator and skilful Engineers.
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Suggestion
During my training session I found that falcon use much human resources than autonomies machinery in production process may be as result it not increase its production capacity.
Falcon use machinery in production like lathe machine, tool machine etc. not use highly autonomies machine like CNC, VMC etc. as result sometimes it not fulfill big demand order in short period.
Falcon inventory control system is quite traditional as result sometimes through wrong assumption it keep much inventory than needed. So, it block money of company. Hence, falcon should introduce latest inventory control system.
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Appendix
PROFIT & LOSS 31ST MARCH - 2010 Particular A. INCOME Gross Sales Less : Excise Duty On Sales Increase (Decrease) In Stock OF Finished stock Total B. EXPENSES : Raw material consumed Purchase Manufacturing administrative & Other Expenses Administrative & selling expenses Depreciation Finance expenses Total C. Profit before income taxes (A - B) D. Provision for taxation E. Balance Balance B/f from previous year Balance carried to balance sheet 64791252.33 45330115.31 4847521 3792867.64 3518302.29 644990.65 2186685.71 60320482.60 4470769.73 1278646 3192123.73 7191838.73 10383962.46 68635477.00 1352800.33 2197025 Amount in Rs. As at 31-3-10
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CURRENT ASSETS :17,796,368.98 11,097,200.52 Sundry Debtors18,852,172.00 Cash and Bank3,779,108.73 Loans& Adv.5,617,947.00 (-) Current liabilities26,977,320.00 provision Investment 36,937,271.97 1,392,481.00 ----------------17,675,795.71 30,000.00 36,937,271.97
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Conclusion
Concluding my summer internship, I learn a lot of new things. Now I know that how the theoretically aspects are applied in the industries.
Falcon is worth to its responsibility. It has done a great job in fulfilling the needs of farmers, in all over India.The government of Gujarat (GEDA) has certified Falcon Pumps as Energy Efficient Pump Sets and giving 67 % subsidy to the farmers on purchasing Falcon Pumps. Falcon main strength is their workers coordination with higher level staff.
Hence, at the end we can say Falcon is fast growing company specially at national level and future of company is quite bright.
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Bibliography
Website
www.falconsubmersible.com Annual report of Falcon Pvt. Ltd (2009-10) Catalogue of Falcon Pvt.Ltd
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