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In all green plants, photosynthesis occurs in cells with choloroplasts. The green
pigment chlorophyll, located within the chloroplast, absorbs energy from sunlight.
The light energy absorbed is then converted to chemical energy in organic compounds
such as sugars, starch, amino acids and lipids, and oxygen is released as a by-product.
These photosynthetic products have a higher energy content than that of the raw
materials (CO2 and H2O). Photosynthesis is thus an endergonic process
1
Chlorophyll plays an important role in the absorption of light energy during
photosynthesis.
Light
2
The many biochemical reactions involved in photosynthesis can be divided into two
phases, namely
During the light dependent reaction, several intermediate compounds are produced
which are later gradually used up in the light-independent reaction.
3
1. Explain the Photosystem I and Photosystem II.
A photosystem
In the thylakoid membrane, chlorophyll is organized along with proteins and smaller
organic molecules into photosystems
4
There are two types of photosystems.
These two photosystems work together to use light energy to generate ATP and
NADPH
– thylakoids
Process involved:
• Photoactivated of Photosystem I & Photosystem II
• Photolysis of water
• NADPH & ATP is produced
• Non-cyclic & cyclic photophosphorylation
5
Photosystem
Cyclic photophosphorylation.
6
Non-cyclic photophosphorylation