Active Energy Efficiency Using Speed Control Outline Course description: Many motors only have two settings:

on and off. They operate at constant speed. If a motor turning at constant speed is driving a device or process that requires less output, adjustments are required to achieve the desired output level. This adjustment is often achieved by letting the motor run at full speed, while using downstream devices to block part of the output. This is like driving your car by having one foot fully depressing the accelerator pedal, and the other on the brake to constantly control the speed. It sounds absurd, but this is still one of the most common control methods. An estimated 60% of motors are not speed controlled. The focus of this course is to explore the different ways we can control motor speed efficiently and with minimal physical stress on equipment. In addition, we'll discuss other advantages such as controlled starting and regulated torque. Course Outline: Learning objectives At the completion of this course you will be able to: Identify main motor starting methods Recognize the frequency converter principle and its advantages Realize substantial energy savings using speed control Reduce harmonic distortion generated by frequency converters Calculate the payback of an investment in a variable speed drive

Course content or material 1) Introduction a. Affinity laws 2) Motor starting methods a. Direct-on-line b. Star/delta c. Soft starting d. Electrical variable speed control 3) Starting methods compared 4) Advantages of VSD a. Controlled start and stop

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b. Reduced investment c. Comfort / accuracy d. Mechanical protection e. Convenient user interface f. Communication for control g. Reduced operating costs How to waste energy a. Flow regulation with a damper How to save energy a. Speed control i. Potential energy savings with pumps ii. Potential energy savings with fans Economic factors a. Variable speed drives i. Less expensive ii. More flexible iii. Energy savings: 20% - 50% iv. Flexible v. Allows for future speed changes vi. Can be integrated with a minimum of disruption vii. Generally pay for themselves within 1 to 2.5 years b. Economic factors example Available tools a. Energy consumption simulator b. ECO2 energy calculator Harmonics a. Mitigation i. Choke ii. Passive filters iii. Active filters iv. 12-pulses system v. Clean drives Conclusions Summary

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