Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Training Module

Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Contents 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 Introduction of Static Analysis Create New Study Material Properties Boundary Conditions Loading Conditions Meshing Process Result 13 14 16 17 19 1 11 1 13

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

1-1

Introduction of Static Analysis

In this module, we will use the SolidWorks Simulation finite element analysis (FEA) program to analyse the response of a component to an applied load. Finite element analysis is a powerful tool that allows engineers to quickly analyse and refine a design. It can be applied to problems involving vibration, heat transfer, fluid flow, and many other areas. The most common use of FEA is in structural analysis, and this chapter will be limited to that use. There has been much discussion during the past decade over who should be using FEA software. As the software has become easier to use, the potential for misuse has risen. An inexperienced user can quickly obtain results, but the interpretation of the results requires knowledge of the applicable engineering theories. In this tutorial, we will point out where choices and assumptions are made that could affect the accuracy of the results. Static (or Stress) studies capable to determine calculate displacements, reaction forces, strains, stresses, failure criterion, factor of safety, and error estimates. Available loading conditions include point, line, surface, acceleration (volume) and thermal loads are available. Elastic orthotropic materials are available.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

1-2

Create New Study

Many of the tools in the Simulation Group of the Command Manager have an Advisor feature. For example, if you select the Study Advisor Tool, then the software leads you through several questions to help you choose the best analysis type. We will be skipping the Advisors and selecting analysis option directly from the pulldown menus below each Advisor Tool. In a static analysis, we assume that that loads are applied slowly. If loads are applied almost instantaneously, then dynamic effects need to be considered. A linear static analysis assumes that the response of the structure is linear. PROCEDURE 1. Open the cad data, Crane Hook.

Figure 1: Hook

2. Click Office Products bar and choose Solidwork Simulation in SolidWorks Office list. Then, Simulation bar will appear.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Figure 2: SolidWork Office

3. Click New Study in Study Advisor list and choose Static for type of analysis rename it as Static Analysis on Crane Hook. Then, click symbol.

Figure 3: Create new study

4. The design trees for modelling and analysis are shown at left side. Command for analysis operation can be found on upper side.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Design Tree

Command bar

Figure 4: Command bar

1-3

Material Properties

One of the most important inputs to the model is the elastic modulus E of the material. The elastic modulus defines the stiffness (resistance to deflection) of the material. Its value is determined from material tests. A material with a high value of E will deflect less than one with a lower value of E.

PROCEDURE 1. Click Apply Material to assign type of material used for the part and material library will pop out. Choose Alloy Steel in Steel folder and click Apply. Then, close it.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Figure 5: Material selection

The

symbol will appear on thumbnail shown that material had been applied.

Figure 6: Applied material sign

1-4

Boundary Conditions

When a component is isolated for analysis, the way in which that component is attached to another must be simulated with boundary conditions. In this case, we have chosen a fixed restraint, which means that every point on the fix face of the hook is prevented from moving in any direction. While this seems to be a reasonable assumption, it may not be entirely accurate. If pin are used and attach the hook to chain etc., then the pin is assume may stretch enough and have no issues in its straightness. Hence, this analysis can focus on hook only which is the main problem. It is not necessary to include all assembly to be analyse because it will wasting time. Try to simplify it. The choice of proper boundary conditions to simulate actual constraints is often one of the most important decisions to be made for an analysis.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Chain

Connector Pin

Hook

Figure 7: Chain and hook assembly

PROCEDURES 1. Define the boundary condition or apply fixtures. Click the small arrow below Fixtures Advisor and choose Fixed Geometry.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Figure 8: Boundary condition

Choose the fix surfaces as picture below. Then, click the

symbol.

Face 1

Face 2

Figure 9: Fixture

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

1-5

Loading Conditions

The simplest definition of stress is that stress is equal to force per unit area. Therefore, the units of stress are newtons per square meter (Pascals). However, stress is not a single value. There are normal stresses in all three directions. Normal stresses cause a material to stretch or contract. There are also shear stresses in all three planes. Shear stresses cause a material to warp or distort. These six stress components are often combined to find principal stresses. Strength is defined as the stress at which a material will fail. Therefore, for a simple state of stress, such as a wire being stretched in one direction, we can simply compare the stress to the strength to determine if the wire will break.

PROCEDURES 1. Define the loading condition or external loading. Click the small arrow under External Loads and choose Force.

Figure 10: External load

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

Choose the surface as picture. Tick the selected direction and choose top plane as the normal direction of the force. Click the normal to plane thumbnail and insert 5000N. Click the reverse direction if necessary so that the force going downward. Then, click the symbol.

Load exerted

Figure 11: Applied load

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

1-6

Meshing Process

A finer mesh, with more elements, will generally produce more accurate results at the expense of longer processing time. For simple parts and a relatively fast computer, the longer processing time is not significant. However, for complex analyses (such as nonlinear and timedependent analyses), mesh size can significantly impact processing time. How many elements are needed for accuracy? Sometimes it is necessary to experiment with different meshes until the results converge to a solution. In other cases, the mesh can be refined to create more elements in a local area where stresses are greatest.

PROCEDURES 1. To create mesh, click small arrow under Run and click Create Mesh.

Figure 12: Create mesh

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

In the Mesh option at the left, drag the cursor to the finest density and in advance setting tick the Draft Quality Mesh. Then, click the shown. symbol and the Mesh Process will be

Note! Mesh Density Accuracy Processing time

Figure 13: Applied mesh

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010

1-7

Result

For a more complex state of stress, we must choose a failure theory in order to predict whether or not the part will fail. One of the most widely used in the vonMises or maximumdistortion energy theory. In our analysis, the software computed the vonMises equivalent stress, which can be compared to the materials yield strength to predict yielding of the part.

PROCEDURES 1. After the meshing process complete, click Run.

Figure 14: Meshing process

2. Then, choose the related results outcome. In static analysis, basic results used are Stress, Factor of Safety, and Displacement. Click small arrow below Results Advisor and choose Stress and click Stress.

Figure 15: Results selection

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010 At the option for Stress Plot, choose VON: von Mises Stress and unit N/m 2. Then, click the symbol and stress result will be shown.

Figure 16: von Mises Stress

Repeat the step for the FOS result.

Figure 17: Factor of safety

The factor of safety is chosen to account for all of the many uncertainties associated with the analysis (loading, material properties, environmental degradation of material, etc.) In some industries, factors of safety of 10 or more are common. In aerospace applications, Ewantalib, 2013

Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010 where weight is critical, factors of safety of less than two are typical. When a lower factor of safety is used, extensive material testing and analysis are used to reduce uncertainty as much as is practical.

Repeat the step for the Displacement result.

Figure 18: Deformation/ deflection

The maximum deflection is shown as about 0.286mm. This value is the resultant of the deflection in all three directions. Note that the deflections are too obvious in the display of the deflected shape but the deflections of most structural parts are usually very small, scaling their values to produce the deflected shape is a common practice. The deflected shape gives the engineer insight into the behaviour of the structure and results outcome.

3. The part can be identified either fail or save by comparing the value for von Misses stress and yield strength /young modulus of the material property. The part is considered save if maximum value of von Mises stress did not exceed the yield strength. FOS also can show the capability of the part. The part is considered save if minimum value of FOS over than 1, the bigger value is better.

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Introduction of Static Analysis Using Solidwork 2010 4. For this case the result showed that maximum von mises stress is 379.152MPa which is smaller than its yield strength, 620.4MPa. Hence, this part passed the test.

5. Maximum stress that can be support by hook can be determined by apply this formula: Maximum force, Fmax = m = current min FOS F= current load applied Hence; Maximum force, Fmax = =8200N FOS = >1.0 (save condition)

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