Gambar

Indonesian name

Scientific name Tegillarca granosa (WoRMS) / Anadara granosa Anadara (Tegillarca) granosa (Dharma 2008) Solen Vagina truncatus(WoR MS) Solen truncata (Dharma 2008) Atrina sp Atrina (Servatrina) pectinata (Dharma 2008).

Omni vora

Karni vora

Herbi vora

Habitat

Reproduksi

Anadara (Cunearca) pilula (Dharma 2008)

Trisidos tortuosa (Dharma 2008).

Marcia (Hemitapes) japonica

Identifikasi by : Pieter F. Silulu, S.Kel.

Scientific name

Common characteristics

Average length (cm) 6.0

maximum length (cm) 9.0

length at maturity (mm)

Reproductive strategy

Trophic level (from diet composition unless otherwise stated)

Anadara (Tegillarca) granosa

Shell equivalve, thick and solid, ovate, strongly inflated, slightly longer than high and feebly inequilateral. Umbones strongly protruding, cardinal area rather large. About 18 radial ribs (15 to 20) with wide interstices at each valve; ribs stout and distinctly rugose, bearing regular, often rectangular nodules. Periostracum rather thin and smooth. Internal margins with strong crenulations corresponding with the external radial ribs. No byssal gape. Colour: outside of shell white under the yellowish brown periostracum. Inner side white, often tinged yellow towards the umbonal cavity. Shell reaching a large size, usually rather thin, fragile, moderately inflated and triangularly wedge-shaped in outline, with a highly variable sculpture. Dorsal margin nearly straight or slightly concave, posterior margin generally truncate. Ventral margin widely convex posteriorly, straightish to shallowly depressed anteriorly. Outer surface of valves with 15 to 30 radial ribs which may be smooth to densely set with short, open spines. Dorsal most radial rib frequently with a series of short and sharp spines protruding along the dorsal margin of shell. Inner surface of shell with shallow grooves corresponding to the external radial ribs. Internal nacreous layer rather thin, undivided, occupying the anterior 2/3 to 3/4 of valves. Posterior adductor scar completely enclosed within the nacreous area. Colour: outside of shell slightly shiny, translucent olivaceous tan, often tinged with darker purplish brown or grey toward the umbones. Interior similarly coloured, iridescent on nacreous area.

Solen truncata Atrina (Servatrina) pectinata

14.0 26.0

37.0

Anadara (Cunearca) pilula

3.0

4.0

Trisidos tortuosa

Half-buried in fine to medium sand bottoms, with abundant fragmental shell material and subject to the effects of currents and wave action. Littoral and sublittoral

7.5

8.5

Marcia (Hemitapes) japonica Saccostrea cucullata Placuna placenta

Perna viridis

Actively collected and often over fished, or commercially cultured for the shells which are used in large quantities for shellcraft. Transparent shells are locally used in some areas as a substitute for window glass in houses. Soft parts are consumed by coastal populations. Found in sandy or muddy substrates in shallow estuarine lagoons, coves and small bays where salinity of water ranges from 1035 ppm Shell elongate, roughly trigonal-ovate in outline, swollen and pointed anteriorly, rounded and compressed posteriorly. Umbones terminal and sharply tapering, rather incurved. Anterior margin reduced. Ventral margin long and often somewhat concave. Outer surface nearly smooth apart from concentric growth marks and faint radial lines. Periostracum rather thick and smooth, adherent. Ligamental ridge finely pitted. Hinge with 1 small tooth in right valve and 2 in the left. Anterior adductor scar absent in adult specimens. Posterior retractor scars large, confluent with the posterior adductor scar. Anterior retractor scar separated, elongate-ovate in shape, situated a short way to posterior end of ligament. Internal margins smooth. Colour: outside of shell whitish under a bright periostracum which is dark brownish green anteriorly and olive-green to bright green posteriorly. Interior an iredescent pale bluish green, with a vivid green margin on periostracum.

5.0 10.0 10.0

6.0 20.0 18.0

8.0

16.5

15-30

External sexual fertilization. Spawning peaks coincide with monsoon seasons except in the Philippines and Thailand where spawning is year-round (Ref. 80527). Both sexes release gametes in the water column, where developed larvae remain for two weeks before settling in benthic habitat as juveniles. Sexual maturity occurs at 15-30 mm shell length, roughly 2-3 months age.

Paphia undulata

5.0

6.5

The sexes are usually separate in bivalves but some hermaphroditism is known. Fertilization is usually external. Most

of the bivalve larvae that hatch from eggs in the water column feed on diatoms or other phytoplankton Jenis kelaimn jantan dan betina pada bivalvia umumnya terpisah, tetapi pada beberapa spesies diketahui sebagai hermafrodit. Pembuahan antara

sel telur dan sel sperma terjadi secara eksternal Dan setiap telur yang menetas di kolom air akan menjadi larva dan memakan diato-diatom atau fitoplankton lainnya