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VARITION
For Examiners Use

5. Diagram 5 shows the inheritance of colour body and size of wing in Drosophilla. G represents the dominant allele for grey body while g represents the recessive allele for black body. N represents the dominant allele for normal wing while n represent the recessive allele for short wing. Rajah 5 menunjukkan pewarisan warna badan dan saiz sayap dalam Drosophilla. G mewakili alel dominan bagi badan kelabu sementara g mewakili alel resesif bagi badan hitam. N mewakili alel dominan bagi sayap normal sementara n mewakili alel resesif bagi sayap pendek.

Parent (P) Induk

F1 generation Generasi F1

F2 generation Generasi F2

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(a)

State the genotype and phenotype of A and C.

Nyatakan genotip dan fenotip A dan C.

(i) Genotype and phenotype A // Genotip dan fenotip A: : Grey body normal wing GGNN (ii) Genotype and Phenotype C // Genotip dan fenotip C: Grey body normal wing GgNn .. [2 marks]

5(a)

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(b) State why the above inheritance is dihybrid ? Nyatakan mengapa pewarisan di atas adalah dihibrid?
F: Involve two characteristic [1 mark]

For Examiners Use 5(b)

(c) Using Punnett Square, draw a genetic diagram between C and D to show ratio E, F, G and H. Dengan menggunakan segi empat Punnett, lukis rajah genetic antara C dan D untuk menunjukkan nisbah anatara E, F, G dan H.
Parent (P) Suggested answer: Parent (P) Grey body normal wing GgNn Meiosis Gamete GN Gn gN gn GN Gn gN gn GgNn X Grey body normal wing C X D

Male gamete GN Female gamate GN GGNN Grey body normal wing GGNn Grey body normal wing GgNN Grey body normal wing GgNn Grey body normal wing GGNn Grey body normal wing GGnn Grey body normal wing GgNn Grey body normal wing Ggnn Grey body short wing GgNN Grey body normal wing GgNn Grey body normal wing ggNN black body normal wing ggNn black body normal wing GgNn Grey body normal wing Ggnn Grey body short wing ggNn black body normal wing ggnn black body normal wing Gn gN gn

5(c)

Gn

5(d)

gN

gn

5(e)

Notes: accept genotype only

2 Total

12

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Correct Genotype 7 11 Phenotype Ratio

12 16 1m

2m

Grey body

Grey body Black body Black body

normal wing short wing normal wing short wing

[5 marks]

(d) Explain why the ratio of genetic diagram from the above diagram follow Mendel Second Law. Terangkan mengapa nisbah rajah genetik daripada rajah di atas mengikut Hukum Mendel Kedua? .. ..

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.. [2 marks] (e) State Mendel Second Law. Nyatakan Hukum Mendel Kedua. .. .. ..
[2 marks]

(a)

Diagram 9.1 shows four varieties of oil palm in the collection of an Agricultural Centre. A farmer plans to plant oil palm with thick flesh and thick husk. He decided to use cross breeding method. Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan empat jenis baka kelapa sawit yang disimpan dalam satu Pusat Pertanian. Seorang pengusaha ladang ingin menanam kelapa sawit yang bersabut tebal dan berisi tebal. Dia membuat keputusan untuk menggunakan kaedah Pengacukan Bersilang. Oil Palm Variety Jenis Kepala Sawit OP1 Genotype Genotip Phenotype Fenotip Thin husk / Sabut tebal Thick flesh / Isi tebal

hhFF

OP2

hhFf

Thin husk / Sabut nipis Thick flesh / Isi tebal

OP3

HHff

Thick husk/Sabut tebal Thin flesh / Isi nipis

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OP4

HhFf

Thick husk/Sabut tebal Thick flesh/ Isi tebal

Key : H : Represents dominant allele for thick husk F : Represents dominant allele for thick flesh. Petunjuk : H : mewakili alel dominan bagi sabut tebal F : mewakili alel dominan bagi isi tebal Diagram 9.1 Rajah 9.1

( i ) Explain by using a Punnet square, which two varieties should the farmer choose from the Agricultural Centre for the cross breeding to ensure that all the offspring produced are thick husk and thick flesh. [6 marks ] Terangkan dengan menggunakan segiempat Punnet, yang manakah dua jenis kelapa sawit yang pengusaha ladang itu harus pilih dari Pusat Pertanian untuk dikacukkan bagi memastikan semua anak pokok yang dihasilkan adalah bersabut tebal dan berisi tebal. [6 markah]
(b) Diagram 9.2 shows an albino boy in an African village. Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan seorang budak albino di sebuah perkampungan di Afrika.

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Albino boy Budak albino

Diagram 9.2 Rajah 9.2 Explain why a pair of normal parents could produce an albino offspring. [6 marks ] Terangkan kenapa sepasang suami isteri normal boleh melahirkan anak albino. [6 markah]

2. (a) Diagram 2.1 shows few stages that involved in the production of insulin hormone through genetic engineering technology.

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Diagram 2.1 By using your biology knowledge, describe how this technology can be used in insulin hormone production. [6 marks]

9. (a) A woman has B blood group while his husband has A blood group. They have a daughter whose blood group O. Describe how their blood type inherited to their daughter. Seorang wanita mempunyai kumpulan darah B manakala suaminya mempunyai kumpulan darah A. Mereka mempunyai anak perempuan kumpulan darah O. Terangkan bagaimana jenis darah mereka diwarisi kepada anaknya. [ 10 marks]

(b) Genetic plays a significant role in human life to identify the crime using DNA fingerprinting technique. Genetik memainkan peranan penting dalam kehidupan harian untuk mengenali penjenayah menggunakan teknik cap jari DNA i) State the steps to produce DNA fingerprinting. Nyatakan langkah-langkah untuk menghasilkan cap jari DNA [4 marks]

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ii) Explain the advantages and disadvantages Terangkan kebaikan dan keburukan menggunakan cap jari DNA [6 marks

of

using

DNA

fingerprinting.

SKEMA JAWAPAN

QUESTION NO

MARKING CRITERIA

SUB TOTAL MARKS MARKS

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9 (a)(i)

P1

: Choose OP1 and OP3 1 Gametes from OP 1 Gametes From OP3 Hf Hf Hf Hf hF hF hF hF

HhFf HhFf HhFf HhFf

HhFf HhFf HhFf HhFf

HhFf HhFf HhFf HhFf

HhFf HhFf HhFf HhFf 1 1 1 1 1 1 6m

P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

: label the column in the table correctly. : state or show OP1 produce gamete with genotype hF : state or show OP3 produce gamete with genotype Hf : state or show the genotype of all of the offspring is HhFf. : phenotype of HhFf is thick husk and thick flesh : all / 100% of the offspring are thick husk and thick flesh. [Any 6] OP3. : Albinism is caused by recessive allele / gene (a). : Albinism is homozygote (aa). : Both the parents are carrier (Aa). : Genotype of both the parents are heterozygote (Aa). : Both the parents produce gametes that carry the Allele for Albinism (a). : Through meiosis. : The gametes fuse through fertilization and form the zygote which is homozygote (aa). [ Any 6] Accept schematics diagram , reward P4, P5, P6 and P7

9(b) P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6m

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By using your biology knowledge, describe how this technology can be used in insulin hormone production. [6m] Sample answer: P1: The gene for the insulin is isolated from human pancreas cell P2: The bacterial plasmid is isolated (DNA found in bacteria) P3: The Bacterial plasmid is cut by using enzyme P4: The enzyme used to incorporate gene for insulin production into the plasmid P5: The bacteria are cultured in bioreactor P6: The plasmid replicate as a bacteria divide asexually P7: The bacteria can produce insulin in large quantity, purified and isolate Item 9(a) Rubric Able to explain how blood group O is formed from her parents Sample Answer The genotype of blood group B can be IBIB or IBIO // BB or BO
(

Scheme

Marks

Total

while ) the genotype of blood group A can be IAIA or IAIO // AA or AO Blood group O has a genotype , IoIo // OO Alleles IA /A and IB/B are codominant (while) IO /O allele is recessive A woman is heterozygous dominant for her blood group B (IBIO / BO ) (while) her husband is heterozygous dominant for her blood group A (IAIO /AO) A woman and her husband produce haploid gametes during meiosis I and meiosis II A woman produce gametes with genotype IB /B and IO /O (while) her husband produce gametes with genotype IA /A and IO /O

1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 Max

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The gamete IO / O from woman fuses with her husbands gamete IO /O during random fertilization to produce a zygote with genotype IOIO /OO, (thus they will produce an offspring with blood group O).

1 1

10m

1 Mother X Father

Parent phenotype B or schematic diagram Parent genotype IBIO

A IAIO

meiosis Gemetes IB IO IA IO

Or

1 Fertilization 1 1 Genotype offspring (IBIA) (IBIO) (IAIO) (IOIO) Phenotype offspring AB B A O 1 1 1 6 m only 9(b)(i) Rubric Able to state the steps of producing DNA fingerprint Answer i. The DNA of an individual can be obtained from samples such as blood, hair and semen The DNA can be cut into short fragments by specific

1 1

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enzyme Then the fragment is separated by (electrophoresis gel) (And a radioactive matter is added ) to appear the specific banding pattern (is called DNA fingerprint that specific for each individual). 1 4m 1

9(b)(ii)

Advantanges of DNA fingerprint Is more accurate then common fingerprint because no two people have the same DNA fingerprint More efficient than blood type identification Requires only a small amount of DNA to obtain a highly accurate result DNA sample fingerprint last longer than fingerprint DNA evidence is harder to be cleaned up compare to fingerprints 1 Max 1 Disandvantages DNA sample may be degraded by adding chemicals There is a possibility of human errors when different procedurs and standard are used in DNA fingerprint 1 4m 1

1 1

2m

TOTAL

20 M