Introduction to Cloud Computing

Allahbaksh Mohammedali Asadullah

Infosys Labs, Infosys Ltd.

February 4, 2013

What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud Computing Denation

Cloud computing is the use of computing resources (hardware and software) that are delivered as a service over a network (typically the Internet). The name comes from the use of a cloud-shaped symbol as an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it contains in system diagrams. Cloud computing entrusts remote services with a users data, software and computation. [Wiki]

Why Cloud Computing

Why Cloud Computing

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Some of the Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software as a service (SaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Storage as a service (STaaS) Security as a service (SECaaS) Data as a service (DaaS) Database as a service (DBaaS) Test environment as a service (TEaaS) API as a service (APIaaS) Integrated development environment as a service (IDEaaS) integration

Popular Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Platform as a service (PaaS) Software (Application) as a service (SaaS)

Popular Cloud Service Providers

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Basic Cloud Characteristics

On demand self services Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Multi Tenacity (Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture where a single instance of the software runs on a server, serving multiple client organizations (tenants).)

Service Model Abstraction

Some of Amazon Important Services

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) provides scalable virtual private servers using Xen. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) provides Web Service based storage. Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) provides persistent block-level storage volumes for EC2. Amazon CloudFront, a content delivery network (CDN) for distributing objects to so-called edge locations near the requester. Amazon CloudSearch provides basic full text search and indexing of textual content. Amazon DynamoDB provides a scalable, low-latency NoSQL online Database Service.

Some of Amazon Important Services

Amazon Elastic MapReduce allows businesses, researchers, data analysts, and developers to easily and cheaply process vast amounts of data. It uses a hosted Hadoop framework running on the web-scale infrastructure of EC2 and Amazon S3. Amazon ElastiCache provides in-memory caching for web applications (Amazons Memcached). Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) provides a scalable database server with MySQL and Oracle support. Amazon Route 53 provides a highly available and scalable Domain Name System (DNS) web service. Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) provides bulk and transactional email sending. Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk) manages small units of work distributed among many humans. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) creates a logically isolated set of Amazon EC2 instances which can be connected

Public Cloud Demo

AWS EC2, S3

EC2
Launch instances with a variety of operating systems Load OS with your custom application environment. Example
Instance types : Large Instance (7.5 GB memory, 64-bit platform) Operating Systems : Ubuntu Linux Application environment :Ruby on Rails

EC2
Launch instances with a variety of operating systems Load OS with your custom application environment. Example
Instance types : Large Instance (7.5 GB memory, 64-bit platform) Operating Systems : Ubuntu Linux Application environment :Ruby on Rails

EC2
Launch instances with a variety of operating systems Load OS with your custom application environment. Example
Instance types : Large Instance (7.5 GB memory, 64-bit platform) Operating Systems : Ubuntu Linux Application environment :Ruby on Rails

EC2
Launch instances with a variety of operating systems Load OS with your custom application environment. Example
Instance types : Large Instance (7.5 GB memory, 64-bit platform) Operating Systems : Ubuntu Linux Application environment :Ruby on Rails

EBS
Create storage volumes from 1 GB to 1 TB that can be mounted as devices by Amazon EC2 instances in same zone. Create a le system on top of Amazon EBS volumes. Now you can save the images in EBS

S3
Write, read, and delete objects containing from 1 byte to 5 terabytes of data each. Each object is stored in a bucket and retrieved via a unique, developer-assigned key All images are usually stored in S3

Private Cloud Component

Virtualization
A virtual machine (VM) is a software implementation of a machine (i.e., a computer) that executes programs like a physical machine. A hypervisor provides a uniform abstraction of the underlying physical machine. Multiple VMs can execute simultaneously on a single hypervisor.

Virtualization
A virtual machine (VM) is a software implementation of a machine (i.e., a computer) that executes programs like a physical machine. A hypervisor provides a uniform abstraction of the underlying physical machine. Multiple VMs can execute simultaneously on a single hypervisor.

Virtualization
A virtual machine (VM) is a software implementation of a machine (i.e., a computer) that executes programs like a physical machine. A hypervisor provides a uniform abstraction of the underlying physical machine. Multiple VMs can execute simultaneously on a single hypervisor.

Virtualization
A virtual machine (VM) is a software implementation of a machine (i.e., a computer) that executes programs like a physical machine. A hypervisor provides a uniform abstraction of the underlying physical machine. Multiple VMs can execute simultaneously on a single hypervisor.

Types of Hypervisor
Type 1: Bare Metal : Runs directly on Hardware. On top Hypervisor the OS is loaded. Example Mircrosoft Hyper V, Citrix Xen Server, Type 2: Hosted : The Hypervisor runs on a guest OS. Example KVM.

Types of Hypervisor
Type 1: Bare Metal : Runs directly on Hardware. On top Hypervisor the OS is loaded. Example Mircrosoft Hyper V, Citrix Xen Server, Type 2: Hosted : The Hypervisor runs on a guest OS. Example KVM.

Types of Hypervisor
Type 1: Bare Metal : Runs directly on Hardware. On top Hypervisor the OS is loaded. Example Mircrosoft Hyper V, Citrix Xen Server, Type 2: Hosted : The Hypervisor runs on a guest OS. Example KVM.

Hypervisor Contd..
Eucalyptus deploys instances (i.e., virtual machines) on a hypervisor. Eucalyptus can use either Xen or KVM hypervisors. To interact with them, Eucalyptus employs libvirt virtualization API.

Cloud Engines
Eucalyptus Open Stack Cloud Stack Nimbus Open Nebula HyperV VMWare

Eucalyptus
Open source Linux-based software framework for the implementation of private cloud computing on computer clusters. Stable Release - 3.2 Private clouds give users immediate access to computing resources hosted within an organizations infrastructure

Components of Eucalyptus
Cloud Controller- CLC Walrus Storage controller - SC Cluster controller - CC Node controller - NC

*Each component is implemented as a stand-alone web service

Advantages
Each web service exposes a WSDL document containing operations that the component can perform Secure communication between components because we leverage existing web services features like WS-Security policies. Easy to Debug and Architect

Compatibility with Amazon AWS

Compatibility with Amazon AWS

Eucalyptus implements the Amazon specication for EC2, S3, and EBS. Eucalyptus conforms to both the syntax and the semantic denition of the Amazon API and tool suite, with few exceptions. Reuse your existing AWS-compatible tools and scripts to manage your own private cloud

Eucalyptus Block Diagram

CLS
Java program EC2-compatible SOAP and Query interfaces Web interface Executes on the front-end host It is a collection of web services
Resource Services Data Services Interface Services

CLC Block Diagram

CLC Services
CLC Resource Services CLC has a detailed information:
Availability of resources on various components like nodes used for provisioning the instances Usage of resources e.g., decision on which clusters will be given for provisioning the instancesA

CLC Data Services Discover resource information (images and clusters) Manipulate keypairs, security groups applicable to VMs CLC Interface Services Users can download cryptographic credentials needed to query the system e.g., about available disk images Administrators can manage user accounts etc.

CLC Services
CLC Resource Services CLC has a detailed information:
Availability of resources on various components like nodes used for provisioning the instances Usage of resources e.g., decision on which clusters will be given for provisioning the instancesA

CLC Data Services Discover resource information (images and clusters) Manipulate keypairs, security groups applicable to VMs CLC Interface Services Users can download cryptographic credentials needed to query the system e.g., about available disk images Administrators can manage user accounts etc.

CLC Services
CLC Resource Services CLC has a detailed information:
Availability of resources on various components like nodes used for provisioning the instances Usage of resources e.g., decision on which clusters will be given for provisioning the instancesA

CLC Data Services Discover resource information (images and clusters) Manipulate keypairs, security groups applicable to VMs CLC Interface Services Users can download cryptographic credentials needed to query the system e.g., about available disk images Administrators can manage user accounts etc.

SC
Java program Functionality similar to Amazons EBS Executes on head node of the cluster

CC
C program Executes on head node of the cluster Schedules instance run requests to specic NCs Gathers information about NCs; calculates the no of instances that can run on NCs; reports this to CLC

*Head node is the m/c connected to the nodes as well as the CLC

NC
C program Executes on every node designated for hosting VM instances Answers all resource related queries from CC.
No of cores Size of memory Available disk space Propagates this information to CC

Receives requests from CC about VM and instruct Hypervisor to

Boot the VM Terminate the VM

Advantage of Cloud Computing

Reduced Software Costs Instant Updates Very Large Storage Capacity Increased Data Reliability (by replication)

Disadvantages of Cloud Computing

Security Increased OPEX Requires Internet Connection Requires connectivity