Normal Vital Signs Flashcards for EMS

2004 EMSresource.net Version 06.17.04

Respirations Descriptors: normal, shallow, labored, noisy, Kussmaul Adult (normal) Children - age 1 to 8 years Neonates - age 1 to 28 days 12 to 20 breaths per minute 15 to 30 40 to 60

Compiled using Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured, EMS Field Guide and Journal of Emergency Medical Services.

Directions: Print this file onto cardstock then cut each page in half horizontally and vertically. Remaining flashcards will be four equal pieces of 5 inches by 4 inches. This file includes bonus tables to help you in preparing for the NREMT-B exam: Types of shock Stages of shock Oxygen delivery devices/rates

Infants - age 1 to 12 months 25 to 50

Pulse Descriptors: regular, irregular, strong or weak Adult Children - age 1 to 8 years Neonates - age 1 to 28 days 60 to 100 beats per minute 80 to 100 120 to 160

Blood pressure Systolic Adult Children - age 1 to 8 years Neonates - age 1 to 28 days 90-140 mmHg 80-110 mmHg >60 mmHg Diastolic 60-90 mmHg

Infants - age 1 to 12 months 100 to 120

Infants - age 1 to 12 months 70-95 mmHg

Adult vital signs Blood pressure Pulse Respirations 90 to 140 mmHg (systolic) 60 to 90 mmHg (diastolic) 60 to 100 beats per minute 12 to 20 breaths per minute

Infant vital signs (age 1 to 12 months) Blood pressure Pulse Respirations 70 to 95 mmHg systolic 100 to 140 beats per minute 25 to 50 breaths per minute

Child vital signs (age 1 to 8 years) Blood pressure Pulse Respirations 80 to 110 mmHg systolic 80 to 100 beats per minute 15 to 30 breaths per minute

Neonatal vital signs (full-term, 28 days) Blood pressure Pulse Respirations >60 mmHg systolic 120 to 160 beats per minute 40 to 60 breaths per minute

Normal Vital Signs Summary Lung sounds Crackles or rales Wheezing Stridor Rhonchi crackling or rattling sounds high-pitched whistling expirations harsh, high-pitched inspirations coarse, gravelly sounds Adult Child Infant Neonate BP (systolic) 90-140 80-110 70-95 >60 P 60-100 80-100 100-140 120-160 R 12-20 15-30 25-50 40-60

Adult Spontaneous Eyes To speech To pain No response Glasgow Coma Scale Obeys verbal command Localizes pain Motor Flexion - withdraws from pain Flexion - abnormal Extension No response Oriented and converses Verbal Disoriented and converses Inappropriate words Incomprehensible sounds No response

Score Infant 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 Spontaneous To speech To pain No response Normal movements Localizes pain Flexion - withdraws from pain Flexion - abnormal Extension No response Coos, babbles Cries but consolable Persistently irritable Grunts to pain/restless No response

Pulse oximetry Range Normal Mild hypoxia Moderate hypoxia Severe hypoxia Value 95 to 100% 91 to 94% 86 to 90% 85% Treatment None or placebic Give oxygen Give 100% oxygen Give 100% oxygen w/ positive pressure

Types of shock

Stages of shock Compensated or Non-progressive Decompensated or Progressive Irreversible Decreased LOC (GCS <8) Decreased respiratory rate/effort Profound hypotension Bradycardia

Hypovolemic Altered mental status Tachypnea Hypotension Cool, pale, moist skin Weak, thready pulse Nausea Anaphylactic Uneasiness or agitation Edema Dyspnea and wheezing Hypotension Urticaria Tachycardia GI/GU disturbances

Cardiogenic Dulled senses Rapid respirations Hypotension Cool, pale, moist skin Increased heart rate Weak pulse Septic

Neurogenic Altered mental status Diaphragmatic breathing Hypotension Warm, pink, dry skin Normal or slow pulse

Altered mental Narrowing pulse status pressure Increased heart rate Diaphoresis Increased Increased anxiety respirations and confusion Pale, cool skin Nausea/vomiting Thirst Hypotension (late sign)

Altered mental status Hypotension Fever Warm torso, cool extremities Nausea/vomiting Tachycardia, dysrhythmias

Apgar Scale (evaluate @ 1 and 5 minutes postpartum) Sign A Activity Active (muscle tone) P Pulse G Grimace (reflex irritability) A Appearance (skin color) R Respirations >100 bpm Sneezes, coughs, pulls away Normal over entire body Good, crying 2 1 Arms and legs flexed <100 bpm Grimaces 0 Absent Absent No response

Oxygen delivery Device Mouth-to-mask Nasal cannula (NC) Venturi mask Simple face mask Bag-valve mask (BVM) BVM w/ reservoir Non-rebreather mask (NRB) Demand valve Flow rate none w/ 10 Lpm 1-6 Lpm Depends on % desired 8-12 Lpm none 10-15 Lpm 10-15 Lpm 10-15 Lpm <40 Lpm Concentration 16-17% 50% 24-44% 24-40% 40-60% 21% 40-60% 90-95% 80-100% 100%

Normal except extremities Slow, irregular

Cyanotic or pale all over Absent