Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Interfaces and data exchanges required to execute plan Facility layouts influence on scheduling Scheduling production and process manufacturing plans relative to authorizing, releasing, prioritizing, and sequencing work in a manufacturing process
Planning Interfaces Interactions that facilitate planning and control of production activity Communication channels by which the following plans are transferred to production o o o o Sales and Operations Plan Master Production Schedule Material Requirements Plan Capacity Plan
Material Requirements Planning Explodes MPS into detailed, time-phased set of component and raw material requirements Once calculated, becomes basis by which manufactured items are released into production and purchased items requisitioned and scheduled for delivery Determines: o Quantity of all component and material required o BOM level required to fabricate those items o Date that components and material are required Time-phased MRP is accomplished by o Exploding BOM o Adjusting or netting for inventory quantities on hand or on order o Offsetting the net requirements by appropriate component or raw material lead times
JIT vs. MRP Informational/Physical o MRP uses streams of information through a computer system o JIT emphasizes physical visibility and demand-pull approach Planning/Execution o Under JIT, MRP is used for planning, while execution uses visual demandpull signals Bills of Material o JIT assumes material flows directly into downstream operations, eliminating need for planning/tracking
Capacity Requirements Planning Process of determining in detail the amount of labor and machine resources required to accomplish tasks of production
Scope of CRP includes: o Overall plan of resources o Rough-cut evaluation of a particular schedules capacity implications o Detailed evaluation of capacity requirements based on MRP o Finite capacity loading parameters Workload and capacity must be balanced o Workload: multiplying planned and released order quantities by the labor and equipment resources that are needed to do the work
Execution Interfaces Definition: Production/activity control Systems, plans, methods of communicating/executing activities Feedback
Execution Interfaces: (Activities) Production Activity Control (PAC) o Execution end of MPC system o Comprised of shop floor control and supplier systems o Objectives Communicate detailed schedules to manufacturing/suppliers Identify bottlenecks Highlight behind-schedule situations Provide feedback
PAC and JIT Detailed scheduling unnecessary work pulled through No detailed operations scheduling work is completed to fast Detailed scheduling of workers/equiment not an issue Data collection, monitoring, and order status not needed WIP is not tracked Receiptes of FGs used to back flush raw materials, componentes, and labor No need for shop orders Use Kanbans instead
Facility layout Objectives o o o o Flow Types Reduce costs Reduce time Increase quality Decrease inventory
o Connected Flow: assembly line o Disconnected Flow: individual workspaces Functional Layout
o Similar functioning machines/tools located in same are o Not good for JIT because Distance between work centers Excessive material transport Time separation Possible alienation between work centers, cant see each other
Layout Designs: Job Shop o Benefits Flexibility for customer Making small batches for test marketing Ensuring quality whenever high skilled labor required Making unique or low volume products Prototyping new products Flow Design o Objectives One-Piece Flow Lower inventory Less space required Attainment of operation requirements Flexibility to meet changes in output rates o Continuous Flow o Dedication repetitive flow o Batch flow Cellular o Clusters broken into cells: improved material flow, visibility, and continuous manufacturing o Families of part produced within line of group of cells o Floor space minimized o Direct handoff of parts emphasized